简化法

In the simplified model, the governing equation of heat conduction is discretized using implicit finite difference method, and the computational domain is discretized using cell centered scheme, and the solution of Maxwell equation is used to determine the distribution of the internal heating sources.

使用的简化模型中热传导方程的离散采用隐式差分法、区域的离散采用内节点法，并以Maxwell方程的解确定内热源分布。

Base on the mathematical equation: the quantity of conduction heat flex is equal to the product of heat conduction coefficient and gradient of temperature, we expect to obtain the result which is better than that of Transient Hot-wire Method and Steady-State Parallel-Plate Method, and simplify the strategy of measurement.

理论模式关系中，使用热传量等於热传系数与温度梯度乘积的比例关系式作为理论基础，目的在得到更优於暂态热金属线法(Transient Hot-wire Method)及稳态平行板法(Steady-State Parallel-Plate Method)的量测结果，同时也简化了量测方式。

We presents an accurate F method based on corresponding point adjustment.The method adjusts coresponding points according to the fixedness of projective transformed cross ratio,then calculates F matrix accurately through linear and non-linear methods. When computing intrinsic parameter,A matrix,we simplify the step,and stress on the two important parameters of A.The result will be getten through solving Kruppa equation based on SVD decomposition.In order to compute extrinsic parameters,we use linear method to get initial R and t,then apply non-linear method to accurate them.

提出了基于匹配点调整的F求精方法，先根据摄影交比不见性对手工选择的匹配点进行调整，再用线性、非线性结合的方法求精F矩阵；在计算内部参数A中，进行了一定的简化，把重心放在A中重要的两个参数上，用SVD分解法计算Kruppa方程；在计算外部参数时，首先用线性法求解R、t，然后再用非线性法迭代求精。

In the self - calibration scheme , the thesis emphasizes the accuracy of camera intrinsic and extrinsic parameters . we presents an accurate f method based on corresponding point adjustment . the method adjusts coresponding points according to the fixedness of projective transformed cross ratio , then calculates f matrix accurately through linear and non - linear methods . when computing intrinsic parameter , a matrix , we simplify the step , and stress on the two important parameters of a . the result will be getten through solving kruppa equation based on svd decomposition . in order to compute extrinsic parameters , we use linear method to get initial r and t , then apply non - linear method to accurate them

提出了基于匹配点调整的f求精方法，先根据摄影交比不见性对手工选择的匹配点进行调整，再用线性、非线性结合的方法求精f矩阵；在计算内部参数a中，进行了一定的简化，把重心放在a中重要的两个参数上，用svd分解法计算kruppa方程；在计算外部参数时，首先用线性法求解r、 t ，然后再用非线性法迭代求精。

Finite difference method is adopted in this model to analyze the temperature distribution and fulgurite resistance of a fuse.

针对所提出的简化模型，用直接差分法进行数值模拟，设计出用直接差分法进行数值计算的通用程序，实现了温度分布和弧后残躯电阻的数值分析。

A systematic study on computing the integral curvature line on NURBS surface is presented. Discrete normal is used to simplify calculation of the second fundamental form of the surface, resulting in accelerating the Euler iteration process in solving the differential equation of curvature line. Discrete points on the curvature line are then obtained and approximated by an explicitly presented B-spline curve on the NURBS surface using singular mixed interpolation and capable of controlling the error within a given tolerance.

对NURBS曲面的曲率线的积分进行了系统的公式推导，并利用NURBS曲面的离散法向量有效地简化了曲面第二基本量的计算，加速了Euler法迭代求解曲率线微分方程的过程；在求得曲率线上的离散点集以后，应用奇异混合插值技术，在可控精度内把曲率线用显式直接表示为位于NURBS曲面上的B样条曲线。

For the minimum dry density test of sand, test devices are improved to simplify the procedures and the test steps are adjusted to reduce the measurement error. The reverse graduated cylinder method and the tilting graduated cylinder method are recommended as the best methods for minimum dry density test and for leveling sand surface respectively. The optimum sampling quantity and the times of reversing graduated cylinder are studied.

对最小干密度试验，改进了试验装置以简化操作手续；调整了试验步骤以减小测量误差；推荐只使用量筒倒转法测量，用量筒倾斜法整平砂面；研究了最佳取样量和量筒倒转次数。

This invented simplified algorithm is to use sectional linear judgement method or looking-up table method to replace the hyperbolic tangent judgement. The substance is to use sectional linear judgement function L or judgement function T of looking-up table to approach the hyperbolic tangent function tanb.

为了解决这个问题，本发明的双层加权并行干扰对消算法的简化算法用分段线性判决方法或者查表法来代替双曲正切判决，其实质就是用分段线性判决函数L或者查表法的判决函数T逼近双曲正切函数tanh。

In mechanics kinematics, Jacobin matrix may be calculated and simplified by vector constructing; Inverse solution and its restricting condition be given; Forward solution be solved by new-raphson method. The method need shorter time than optimization and has a lot of advantages in applying program; some relationship of velocity, acceleration, force and error of mapping from input to output have been given. Analyzing of theory base these researches.

在机构运动学研究方面，通过矢量构造的方式计算出了速度雅克比矩阵，简化了计算量；给出了机构位置逆解的计算过程及约束条件；利用Newton—Raphson法计算出了机构位置的正解，该算法比优化法计算时间短，而且利于实际编程；给出了机构输入、输出端速度、力、误差的映射关系，这些研究是机构理论分析的基础。

In combination with the crushed rock slope as an example, the allocation of an anchorage force on longitudinal beams and transverse beams is calculated by adopting the distribution coefficient law of the nodal form at first. Then the internal forces of the lattice beam are calculated respectively through the software on the basis of Winkler elastic foundation model and the semi-infinite foundation model, and then compared with the internal forces which are based on simplified foundation pressure calculation. The active pressure of rock is calculated approximately by Ranking soil pressure theory in the working stage. Sequentially, the reinforcing bars are disposed by two-stage's averagely calculated values.

以破碎岩质边坡为例，采用节点荷载分配法计算了锚索锚固力在格构梁纵、横梁之间的分配比率，然后基于Winkler弹性地基模型和弹性半空间地基模型分别计算格构梁在张拉阶段的内力，并与采用简化的地基反力计算值对比；采用朗肯土压力理论近似计算在工作阶段主动岩体压力，将地梁视为在线性分布力作用下倒置于坡面上的连续梁，按力矩分配法计算地梁内力，取两阶段计算平均值进行配筋。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。