策略模型

The dissertation focuses on performance gradient estimation and SRO algorithm of DES aswell as other related topics,such as modeling of DES and discrete event simulation,performancemeasure Hessian matrix estimation,Stochastic Approximationand so on.General Semi-Markov Processis adapted to describe behaviour of DES and discrete eventsimulation.A general result is obtained and applied to analyze strong consistency of performancegradient Perturbation Analysisestimator.Conditions for effectiveness of InfinitesimalPerturbation Analysisare also discussed.New PA algorithms,such as server PA,PA usingDirac generalized function,job sequence PA etc.,are proposed to deal with discreteparameters.Furthermore,strategies of combining PA algorithms with certain iterative rules areanalyzed widely in order to optimize DES parameters and some SRO algorithms are constructed toslove DES optimization problems.

论文将DES性能分析领域中性能梯度估计和单运行仿真优化作为主要的研究对象，探讨了与性能梯度估计有关的DES和离散事件仿真过程建模、高阶导数估计以及随机逼近等理论和方法；建立了具有一般性的DES和离散事件仿真的广义半Markov过程模型；获得了分析性能梯度估计量强相合性的理论结果和无穷小摄动分析算法应用的条件；提出了诸如服务台数目的摄动分析、奇异摄动分析、串联生产线和加工车间中工件加工序的摄动分析等一系列摄动的思想和算法，对连续参数和离散参数都进行了深入的研究；对摄动分析算法同优化规则结合实现仿真优化的策略也进行了广泛的分析，构造了新型的变界截尾的随机逼近算法，并用于DES的单运行仿真优化研究；最后，给出了DES性能分析方法的实证性研究结果。

A simple but accurate data movement model is built to determine the number of data movement between the global memory and the local memory for a given loop partitioning.

提出一个简单有效的数据传输模型，计算循环中数据足迹在全局内存和分布式内存之间的传输次数，以指导VE16机器上的循环自动分割策略。

The first part is preface, on the basis of expounding the background, the purpose, the meaning and the thinking of the thesis study, briefly introduce the research achievements of domestic and international urban spatial structure; the second part is summary, expatiate on the connotation, component, research span and space type of urban spatial structure; The third part is theory foundation, mainly introduce the three classical models of city spatial structure in the west country (concentric circles mode, fan-shaped mode and multi-core mode) and the relative city development theories (growth pole theory, dot-axis theory, core-fringe theory, metropolis circle theory and city space evolution theory); The fourth part is general situations of study region; The fifth part is the analysis of Lanzhou city spatial structure evolution, along the historical venation Of city development, on the basis of analyzing industrial structure change, focus on and sumup the characteristics of spatial development and form, meanwhile, analyze factors which influences the spatial development; The sixth part is the analysis of Lanzhou city spatial development trend, put forward the development models of Lanzhou city spatial structure from three space aspects(the core city, the city, region) in the future, they are group gobbet structure, fingers structure, circle structure; The seventh part is to mainly put forward the development strategies for the different spatial structure models.

第一部分为前言，在阐明论文研究背景、目的及意义、思路的基础上，简要介绍了国内外城市空间结构相关研究成果；第二部分为概述，对城市空间结构的内涵、组成要素、研究尺度及其空间类型作以介绍；第三部分为理论基础，主要是对西方城市空间结构的3大经典模型(同心圆模式、扇形模式和多核心模式)以及与本研究相关的城市空间发展理论(增长极理论、点轴理论、核心——边缘理论、都市圈理论和城市空间演化理论)的介绍；第四部分为研究区概况，主要是对研究区域范围的界定及其社会经济发展概况介绍；第五部分是兰州城市空间结构演化分析，顺着兰州城市发展的历史脉络，在分析产业结构变动的基础上，着重对城市空间发展及其形态特征进行归纳总结，并分析了空间发展的主要影响因素；第六部分是兰州城市空间发展趋势分析，从中心城市、市域、区域3个空间层面上提出未来兰州城市空间结构的不同模式，即组团结构、指状结构、圈层结构；第七部分是城市空间发展策略，针对不同的城市空间发展模式提出一些对策建议。

The architecture, information exchange and function modal graph of design reuseing prototype system is expounded. Some strategies of developing system is present. Finally, using autoecious pattern to develop a design reuseing prototype system.

阐述了设计重用系统的总体结构、信息交换情况和系统功能模型图，给出了一些系统的开发策略，采用寄生式软件开发方式开发了一个设计重用原型系统。

At the same time of studying and designing Haier embedded IDE, the thesis alsostudys and analyses the process of embedded software testing, test methods and tactics.It considers the development process of Haler embedded IDE, giving the suitable Vtesting mode to test each stage of Haier embedded IDEs development. This ensuresHaier embedded IDE to realize all the needs such as functionality, stability and so on,making Haier embedded IDE to have certain reference value.

本文还研究分析了嵌入式软件测试流程及测试方法和策略，针对海尔嵌入式IDE开发流程，给出V型测试模型，对每个开发阶段进行测试，保证海尔嵌入式IDE的功能性、稳定性等需求，使海尔嵌入式IDE具有一定的参考价值。

At the same time, the optimal hedge ratio is derived and analysised theorictically. This leads to the disadvantage of existing model blindly pursuing risk-minimizing and ignoring the hedger's expected return being settled, and provides a futures hedging strategy for hedger.

并从理论上推导和分析了最优套期保值比率，解决了现有模型的一味追求风险最小化而忽略套期保值者期望收益率和交易成本的不足，为套期保值提供了一种优化策略。

According to the structure character of the model, it's adopted by hierarchic optimization strategy.

根据模型的结构特点，提出分层次优化的求解策略。

The constraint classification and a hierarchical solving modeling are put forward in this paper, helpful for the validity and calculation of mechanical product layout.

本文结合机械产品布局设计问题，提出了有利于解决机械产品布局问题的有效和可计算的布局约束及其分类，建立了分层递阶求解模型和相应的解决策略。

Therefore, this article based on consumer switching costs and the limited liability effect of debt, builded a duopoly competition model of horizontal differentiation, using a combination of game theory and computer simulation to be an analysis methods, inspection the firm's Financial decisions in the capital market and the competitive strategy in product market when the customer switching costs existed.

因此，本文基于对消费者行为中的顾客转换成本考虑，从债务的有限责任效应出发，构建一个双寡头的横向差异化竞争模型，采用博弈论与计算机模拟相结合的分析方法，考察存在顾客转换成本时，企业在资本市场上作出的融资决策以及在产品市场上作出的竞争策略。

From the view of torque controlling strategy, the relation between the torque controlling strategy such as the electric current feedback method、 PWM open loop method etc and the vehicle driving way is analyzed firstly, then the conclusion could be drawn that the PWM open loop method has more advantages than the electric current feedback method when they are both used in the same vehicle which is direct driving by hubcap motor. Secondly, based on the electric motor mathematic model and its experiment, a new permanent brushless dc motor phase electric current detector method in which a digital signal processor and single current sensor are used is introduced.

从转矩控制策略角度来看，分析了电流反馈法以及开环PWM电压调速控制方法与车辆的驱动方式关系，得出了电机驱动电压受限的情况下，无论是从对车辆的动力性能影响还是从对车辆的驱动要求来讲，开环PWM电压调速控制方法较电流反馈法更适用于以轮毂电机直接驱动方式的两轮电动车中；其次，根据电机的数学模型以及电机试验波形，提出了一种利用数字信号处理器以及单个电流传感器检测三相永磁无刷电机电枢电流的新方法，这种方法具有较强的适应性、实时性，它可以根据控制系统的要求，适时地提供所需电流数据，是目前许多文章关于无刷电机相电流平波的重要技术基础。

Breath, muscle contraction of the buttocks; arch body, as far as possible to hold his head, right leg straight towards the ceiling (peg-leg knee in order to avoid muscle tension).

呼气，收缩臀部肌肉；拱起身体，尽量抬起头来，右腿伸直朝向天花板（膝微屈，以避免肌肉紧张）。

The cost of moving grain food products was unchanged from May, but year over year are up 8%.

粮食产品的运输费用与5月份相比没有变化，但却比去年同期高8％。