策略

On the microscopic level, the "technique" strategy includes that of integrative understanding, of reading and writing with mutually aid in language teaching; of principle comprehension, of flexible application in mathematics teaching; of train of listening and speaking in English teaching; the "explanatory" strategy includes that of attitude-forming; of inter-person communication, of self-amusement and so on; the "emancipator" strategy includes that of transition and of creativity.

处于微观层面的有："技术"地方的如语文教学的综合理解策略、读写互补策略；数学教学的原理领会策略、变通运用策略；英语教学的听说训练策略。"解释"地方的如引导态度的策略、人际交往的策略、宜情得乐策略。"解放"地方的如迁移的策略、创新的策略。9g6无忧研修网

In addition, the related factors of image restoration strategy also hadn't different influence by the willing of strategy's choice in hospital. For example, the corrective action, reduction of offensiveness, and evasion of responsibility were affected consequentially by types of crisis, the reality of evidence, the damage, the performance management, and experience, but these as a whole were only affected by experience, the responsible attribution in the public, and the media report.

在影响医院采行形象修复策略的考量因素方面，不同的影响形象修复策略的相关因素对於不同的形象修复策略类型采行意愿的影响程度是不同的；以医院最愿意采行的进行修正策略、降低外界的攻击策略、及承认或道歉策略等三个策略而言，危机的种类、危机证据的真实性、危机对组织的伤害程度、组织过往表现、及危机管理经验等五项因素分别对这三个策略采行的影响性最大；但就这三个策略整体而言，组织过往表现、社会大众对组织应负的危机责任的归因、及媒体报导情况是整个策略选择上的最大的考虑因素。

For example, the corrective action, reduction of offensiveness, and evasion of responsibility were affected consequentially by types of crisis, the reality of evidence, the damage, the performance management, and experience, but these as a whole were only affected by experience, the responsible attribution in the public, and the media report.

在影响医院采行形象修复策略的考量因素方面，不同的影响形象修复策略的相关因素对於不同的形象修复策略类型采行意愿的影响程度是不同的；以医院最愿意采行的进行修正策略、降低外界的攻击策略、及承认或道歉策略等三个策略而言，危机的种类、危机证据的真实性、危机对组织的伤害程度、组织过往表现、及危机管理经验等五项因素分别对这三个策略采行的影响性最大；但就这三个策略整体而言，组织过往表现、社会大众对组织应负的危机责任的归因、及媒体报导情况是整个策略选择上的最大的考虑因素。

In the part of empirical analysis of Chinese IPO first-day return, the difference between existing study and this study is that we use principal components analysis to extract from five factors to construct investors'sentiment index, add it to controled varibles, on which we examine the influence of offering mechanism on IPO first-day return. Moreover, we gather statistics and compare the IPO holding return for lockup period between fixed-price-class offering method and bookbuilding-class offering method, as well as price range between Chinese A-share market and Hongkong stock market, which prvide comprehensive evidence to appraise Chinese IPO bookbuilding mechanism. 2. Compare to the existing literatures which consider discount or allocation, incentive allocation and discount are considered at the same time in optimal mechanism design in this dissertation, and the offering bottom price is introduced to the price range. We investigate the relationship between price range and allocation quantity, and obtain the optimal price range and allocation strategy so that the advantages of independent allocation are reflected. On the other hand, the disadvantages of independent allocation are reflected in the manipulation in case of no restriction on IPO allocation. To distinguish from the existing literatures, bookbuilding mechanism is introduced to the model. We study the allocation strategy adopted by the underwriter in the pooling equilibrium of manipulation. In addition, we analyze the incentive compatibility conditions to which the existence of pooling equilibrium should satisfy and examine some factors'impact on the existence of manipulation.3. In bookbuilding without independent IPO allocation, Chinese realistic IPO background is considered and the condition of bookbuilding and fixed-price hybrid offering is added. Divide bookbuilding and fixed-price hybrid offering into sequential hybrid and simultaneous hybrid, and point out that the key points of subscription strategy in the two kinds of hybrid are different. Through modeling and simulation we obtain the impact of institutional investors'subscription strategy on bookbuilding without independent IPO allocation, which fill the gap in related research. Moreover, in the part of IPO bookbuilding with over-allotment option, the pricing strategy is divided into hot-IPO strategy and weak-IPO strategy. Take into account the procedure of Chinese IPO with over-allotment option, it presents how the underwriter determines the pricing strategy and what effect it brings to offering price and issue size through modeling and simulation. Therefore, it is instructive as a complement to existing literatures.

此外，对我国A股市场询价发行方式与固定价格发行方式下的IPO锁定期到期时持有收益率、以及我国A股市场与香港市场的询价发行价格区间进行了统计比较，为评价我国IPO市场的询价发行提供了比较全面的依据。2、相比已有文献仅考虑折价和分配中的一种激励措施，本论文在有自主配售权下的机制设计中并用了分配与折价两种激励措施，并且在价格区间的制定中引入发行底价，考察了价格区间与分配量之间的关系，得到最优的价格区间和分配策略，从中体现自主分配权的优点；在有自主分配权下的操纵行为研究中则体现了自主配售权的弊端，与已有文献不同的是，在模型中引入了累计投标询价机制，研究了承销商在混同均衡操纵中采取的分配策略，并对操纵存在的条件进行分析讨论，得出各个因素对混同均衡操纵存在的影响。3、在无自主分配权下的询价发行中，充分考虑了我国实际应用的背景，加入了与固定价格发售混合的条件，并将询价与固定价格混合发行分为序贯与同步两种方式，指出机构投资者在两种情况下申购策略的侧重点各有不同，通过对序贯混合发行方式下的网下累计投标策略以及同步混合发行方式下的资金分配策略的模型建立和数值仿真，考察了机构投资者申购策略对无自主分配权下的询价发行的影响，填补了相关研究文献的空白；在包含超额配售选择权的询价发行中，将发行定价策略分为热销策略和弱销策略，在考虑了我国含超额配售选择权的发行流程下，通过建模以及数值仿真得出承销商会对发行定价策略作出怎样的选取，进而会对新股发行价格、发售数量产生怎样的影响，对目前相关研究的缺乏做出了有益的补充。

The focus of this paper is the discussion on the pragmatic strategy of Sarcastic speech act. There are two kinds of sarcastic strategy: 1~st, the sarcastic strategy of using reference alone, including the direct reference strategy and indirect reference strategy. 2~nd, the sarcastic strategy which is realized by the reference and core behavior together. The core behavior strategies are: the echoic mention, imitation, description, irony, presupposition, pun and hyperbole.

首先，本文将汉语讽刺策略区分为两类：一类是指称单独实施的讽刺策略，具体包括直接指称策略和间接指称策略；另一类是指称和核心行为共同实施的讽刺策略，其中核心行为部分的策略有回声提述策略、模仿策略、描摹策略、反说策略、巧用预设策略、双关策略以及夸张策略。

This paper expatiated the following relationship marketing policies in Tianhe Company: the internal relationship marketing policies, the customer relationship marketing policies, the cooperation companies' relationship marketing policies, the competitors' relationship marketing policies and the affecters' relationship marketing policies.

论文中天河公司的具体关系营销策略主要从以下几个方面进行阐述：(1)公司内部关系营销策略：从员工观念转变策略、员工激励策略、员工沟通策略、员工培训策略、员工参与管理策略及股东策略等几个方面加以阐述；(2)客户关系营销策略：从客户分类选择策略、客户沟通策略、客户信用管理策略、客户资料管理策略及客户服务策略几个方面加以论述；(3)合作者关系营销策略。

On the microscopic level, the "technique" strategy includes that of integrative understanding, of reading and writing with mutually aid in language teaching; of principle comprehension, of flexible application in mathematics teaching; of train of listening and speaking in English teaching; the "explanatory" strategy includes that of attitude-forming; of inter-person communication, of self-amusement and so on; the "emancipator" strategy includes that of transition and of creativity.

处于微观层面的有：&技术&地方的如语文教学的综合理解策略、读写互补策略；数学教学的原理领会策略、变通运用策略；英语教学的听说训练策略。&解释&地方的如引导态度的策略、人际交往的策略、宜情得乐策略。&解放&地方的如迁移的策略、创新的策略。9g6无忧研修网

On the microscopic level, the "technique" strategy includes that of integrative understanding, of reading and writing with mutually aid in language teaching; of principle comprehension, of flexible application in mathematics teaching; of train of listening and speaking in English teaching; the "explanatory" strategy includes that of attitude-forming; of inter-person communication, of self-amusement and so on; the "emancipator" strategy includes that of transition and of creativity.

处于微观层面的有：&技术&方面的如语文教学的综合理解策略、读写互补策略；数学教学的原理领会策略、变通运用策略；英语教学的听说训练策略。&解释&方面的如引导态度的策略、人际交往的策略、宜情得乐策略。&解放&方面的如迁移的策略、创新的策略。

The results of research on how much knowledge the students acquire and on what listening strategies they often use show that listening strategies,especially the strategies of directed attention,selective attention,self-management,self-evaluation,elaboration,transfer,note-taking,contextualisation,keyword-using and self-talk,often play a major role in students' achievements of listening comprehension.

特别是元认知策略中的集中注意策略、选择注意策略、自我管理策略和自我评价策略，认知策略中的联想策略、迁移策略、简记策略、借助上下文策略和利用关键词策略以及社会情感策略中的自我交谈策略非常明显地影响着非英语专业大学生的英语听力能力。

As to the first research topic, we present a 'Noble Brand Positioning Four Master Phases Theory': Brand Space Theory, Brand Capital Theory, Brand Value Theory and Brand Circle Theory in advance. Following based on the Principal Component Analysis of statistical theory, we implemented the quantitative research in the 'Noble Brand Positioning Four Master Phases Theory'. We used the most famous fast food brand 'McDonald' s' as the sample space. The simulation test result shows that the Overall Index Explanatory Power is 83% under the Cronbath' s a is 0.88 through the quantitative verification. This result gives a strong support in defining the Noble Four Niche Phases Theory as the important strategic factor in establishing brand positioning index. After completing the quantitative research, the Principal Weight of each Sub-Niche is positive. This also implies that the Noble Brand Positioning Four master Phases Theory represents positive affection to brand positioning index. We also created the following Sub-Niches those are rarely mentioned in the past literatures. The Sub-Niches are:'Endless Running Strategy, Business Environment Strategy, Physical Capital Strategy, Brand Logo, Brand Music, Business Life Strategy, Personnel Capital Strategy, Life Cycle Strategy, Trust Mask Strategy, Re-Positioning Strategy, Word-Power Strategy, Globalization Strategy, Network Revolution Strategy and Green Brand Strategy'. The quantitative verification model can classify the responses of the sampling space into groups. After that, we used the quantitative verification process to classify the Target Consumer. And through the Principal Component Analysis, the group that owns the biggest average value consists of the Master Target Consumers for the business. This result would become the best suggestion for the business to adjust its strategies and to upgrade the productivity efficiency and create higher profit. As to the second research topic, we focused on finding the best corresponding characteristics attributes of the Brand Music for the Brand Log.

针对第一个研究主题，本文首先提出了一种创新性的品牌定位利基理论（A New Brand Positioning Niche Phase Theory）；品牌空间论，品牌资本论，品牌价值论与品牌循环论，接着本文以统计理论的主成份分析方法针对本文所提的创新性的品牌定位利基理论进行量化研究，本文以快餐业中知名品牌麦当劳作为样本空间，由量化验证的结果显示在信度分析Cronbatch's α为0.88之下其总指标解释力（Overall Index Explanatory Power）为83％，验证本文所提的创新性的品牌定位利基理论是构建品牌定位的重要策略因素，同时经由量化分析结果每项主成分权重值皆为正值更验证了本文所提的企业创新性的品牌定位利基理论与品牌定位指标呈现正相关：同时本文所提出次利基：'永续经营策略、企业环境策略、实体资本策略、企业生命策略、品牌标志策略、品牌音乐策略、人际资本策略、生命周期策略、信任标志策略、重新定位策略、文字威力策略、放眼全球策略、网络革命策略与绿色品牌策略'更是其它文献所未提及的：本文量化验证模式更可将样本空间中的responses分类群组，然后量化验证以界定目标市场，经由分析结果显示，其中具最大主成份百分位序均值者所属群组，即为企业中的主力消费群，提供企业决策者参考，进而调整其企业策略，而为企业提升生产效率创造更大的利润。

Breath, muscle contraction of the buttocks; arch body, as far as possible to hold his head, right leg straight towards the ceiling (peg-leg knee in order to avoid muscle tension).

呼气，收缩臀部肌肉；拱起身体，尽量抬起头来，右腿伸直朝向天花板（膝微屈，以避免肌肉紧张）。

The cost of moving grain food products was unchanged from May, but year over year are up 8%.

粮食产品的运输费用与5月份相比没有变化，但却比去年同期高8％。