筑城

Sieges that aimed at isolating and reducing fortified places became the dominant instrument for prosecuting the war and protective fortifications were vital, for both the besieged as well as the besieger.

这一现实在不列颠岛上1640年代中的一系列冲突中得到了第一次的体现。对于攻城战的双方来讲，以孤立并消耗筑垒地域为目的的攻城战成为战争的决定性手段、同时保护筑垒地域的防御工事也生死攸关。

In Alma it states,"Yea, he had been strengthening the armies of the Nephites, and erecting small forts, or places of resort: throwing up banks of earth round about to enclose his armies…the Nephites were taught…never to raise the sword except it were against an enemy… they had cast up dirtround to shield them from the arrows…the chief captains of the Lamanites were astonished exceedingly, because of the wisdom of the Nephites in preparing their places of security…they knew not that Moroni had fortified, or had built forts of security in all the land roundabout …the Lamanites could not get into their forts of security…because of the highness of the bank which had been thrown up, and the depth of the ditch which had been dug round about…they began to dig down their banks of earth…that they might have an equalchance to fight…instead of filling up their ditches by pulling down banks of earth, they were filled up in a measure with their dead…And caused them to erect fortifications that they should commence laboring in digging a ditch round about the land…And he caused that they should build a breastwork of timbers upon the inner bank of the ditch: and they did cast up dirt out of the ditch against the breastwork of timbers".

在阿尔玛书说：『他加强了尼腓人的军队，建造了小型堡垒，或凭藉处所；在周围筑起了堤岸来拱卫他的军队……尼腓人已被教导……除非抵抗敌人，决不举起剑来……他们在周围堆上了污泥来防避拉曼人的箭……这时拉曼人的总队长们非常的吃惊，由於尼腓人在准备他们的安全处所上所表现的智慧……因为他们不知摩罗乃已在周围各地的每一个城巿建筑了防御工事，或防御堡垒……拉曼人除了经由入囗处外，无法进入他们的防御堡垒，因为那土岸已堆得很高，那周围的壕沟已掘得很深……他们就开始去掘他们的土岸，使他们也能得到一条通往他们军队的小路，使他们能有一个均等的作战机会……非但没有推倒土岸来垫没他们的壕沟，反而将他们死者和伤者的身体垫进了不少……并吩咐他们建筑防御工事……他吩咐他们在濠沟的内堤上建造一道木头的胸墙；他们从濠沟中挖出污泥来，靠著木头胸墙堆起来

First in the Northern Qi Yang extrauterine built 13 meters high, 3.5 km of the Metro weeks, and then build on the west side of Metro 13 meters high, 4 km Zhou Cang city and then built a second palace Jinyang.

先在北齐晋阳宫外筑起高13米、周3.5公里的新城，后又在新城西边筑起高13米、周4公里的仓城，接着又建造了第二座晋阳宫。

Into his right hand came the divination,'Jerusalem,' to set battering rams, to open the mouth for slaughter, to lift up the voice with a battle cry, to set battering rams against the gates, to cast up ramps, to build a siege wall.

结21：22在右手中拿著为耶路撒冷占卜的签、使他安设撞城锤、张口叫杀、扬声呐喊、筑垒造台、以撞城锤、攻打城门。

North of the city because no mountains, there areweng cheng things "S"-shaped channel, from West to East by the South Gate of buildings which have outer profile, outside the South Gate and outside the city.

城北因依山而无门，东西瓮城内有&S&形通道，从西城经南门至东城筑有外廓，南门外并有外城。

We have no common name for a mime of Sophron or Xenarchus and a Socratic Conversation; and we should still be without one even if the imitation in the two instances were in trimeters or elegiacs or some other kind of verse--though it is the way with people to tack on 'poet' to the name of a metre, and talk of elegiac-poets and epic-poets, thinking that they call them poets not by reason of the imitative nature of their work, but indiscriminately by reason of the metre they write in.

索夫农 、森那库斯和苏格拉底式的对话采用的模仿没有一个公共的名称；三音步诗、挽歌体或其他类型的诗的模仿也没有——人们把&诗人&这一名词和格律名称结合到一起，称之为挽歌体诗人或者史诗诗人，他们被称为诗人，似乎只是因为遵守格律写作，而非他们作品的模仿本质。

The relationship between communicative competence and grammar teaching should be that of the ends and the means.

交际能力和语法的关系应该是目标与途径的关系。