筋膜的

Thaller SR,Kim S,Patterson H,et al.The submuscular aponeurotic system:A histologic and comparative anatomy evaluation.Plast Reconstr Surg,

SMAS 是面部皮下脂肪和腮腺咬肌筋膜之间的独立组织层次，SMAS与颈阔肌、颧大肌、颞浅筋膜-枕额肌相连，构成头面颈部浅筋膜和深筋膜之间的连续而独立的组织层次。

Methods From May 2007 to Oct 2007, 13 cases of soft foot and ankle tissue coloboma were repaired or reconstructed with this flap. The perforator branch was detected and earmarked by Doppler ultrasound. The flap axis was designed as the connection of internal condyle of tibia and the middle point between inner malleolus and achilles tendon based on anatomy. The pivot was designed in the point which perforator branch perforate the deep fascia. The flap dissociation was performed upon the deep fascia and the flap thickness can be modified during the operation.

2007年5月－2008年10月应用胫后动脉内跺上穿支筋膜蒂皮瓣修复足踝部软组织缺损13例，术前彩色超声多普勒行内深上穿支探测并体表标记，在解剖学基础上，皮瓣轴线在胫骨内侧裸后与内踝、跟腱间中点的连线，旋转点设计在穿支穿深筋膜处，深筋膜上游离皮瓣，术中可根据受区情况适当修整皮瓣厚度。

Rectosacral fascia was a fusional fascia of the parietal pelvic fascia and the rectal proper fascia in the pelvic floor, which was an important marker of pelvic dissection in TME.

骶直肠筋膜是盆壁筋膜和直肠固有筋膜在盆底部的融合，是TME手术盆腔分离的重要标志。

A myofascial trigger point, a characteristic of myofascial pain syndrome, is a localized hyperirritable spot in a palpable taut band of skeletal muscle fibers.

肌筋膜激痛点之超显微构造的研究肌筋膜激痛点是肌筋膜疼痛症候群的特徵，它是存在於骨骼肌内里紧绷肌带上之局部性过度激活的痛点。

If a distally based strip of iliotibial band is to be inserted into bone, the part of the band that is to be inserted is rolled into a cylindrical shape, and a suitable length of strong, nonabsorbable suture is wrapped around the fascia in a crisscross fashion beginning about 4 cm proximal to the end of the strip.

用二根缝线编织包绕，可构建成&中国式指套&形状将髂胫束筋膜条远端插入骨孔中，需将筋膜条插入部分卷成圆柱形，用一根足够长度的、结实的不吸收缝线自距筋膜末端4cm处开始按十字形捆绕，直至末端。

There were prerenal fascia posterolateral to the left mesocolon, preaortic fascia median to the left mesocolon, parietal layer of the pelvic fascia posterolateral to the mesorectum, which continued at different sites.

左半结肠系膜后外侧存在肾前筋膜；中线侧存在主动脉前筋膜；直肠系膜后外侧存在盆筋膜壁层。这三个部位的筋膜相互延续。

Results:There were two different fascial envelopes around the perirectal fat:a posterolateral envelope made up of the visceral pelvic fascia and an anterior membrane made up of the Denonovilliers fascia.Denonvilliers' fascia couldn't be regarded as anterior part of mesorectum.

结果：在直肠及周围脂肪周围存在两个相互独立的结构，一个是直肠侧后方的脏筋膜，另一个是直肠前方的Denonvilliers筋膜，它们共同组成了直肠周围的环状筋膜，Denonvilliers筋膜并不能构成直肠系膜的前界。

Several studies indicate a worse outcome in patients who received fasciotomy compared with those who did not.7, 11 It is felt to be indicated only in a potentially viable extremity that is pulseless due to elevated intracompartmental pressure.18 Fasciotomy was felt to be useful in preventing cases of Volkman's ischemic contracture after the Tangshan earthquake.3 In Israel, fasciotomy was reserved as a treatment of last resort in cases refractory to the use of intravenous mannitol.7

几项研究表明，采用筋膜切开术的患者后果比未手术者更严重。这说明仅在可能的极端情况下筋膜间区压力升高才会导致无脉动现象。在唐山地震后，筋膜切开术对预防前臂缺血性肌挛缩有效。在以色列，筋膜切开术被做为难以采用静脉输注甘露醇病人最后的治疗方法。

Method］thirty patients who had definite chronic lumboscaral compartment syndrome without other lumbal diseases were choosed respectively to test muscle force of lumbar and abdomen,intra-sacrospinal muscle pressure,blood routine,esr,ck,ck-mm,ldh and ldhs.all patients received decompressive operation.skeletal muscle specimens taken from sacrospinal muscle in each operation were possessed for histological and ultrastructuml observation.

［目的］探讨慢性骨筋膜间隔综合征所致下腰痛的发病机理。［方法］选取明确诊断为腰骶部慢性骨筋膜间隔综合征且未合并其他腰部疾病的患者30例，分别行腰腹肌肌力测定，竖脊肌内压测定，血常规，血沉，肌酸激酶及同工酶，乳酸脱氢酶及同工酶（ldh5）测定，采用骨筋膜间隔切开减压手术治疗。

"One way of doing minimally invasive surgery uses cutting trocars — and with that comes scarring, trocar site pain, and hernia formation," explained Dr. McCarus, noting that newer technology has emerged in the form of bladeless trocars with no cutting tips. The bladeless trocar penetrates by separating tissue fibers, thereby producing a smaller fascial defect and allowing repositioning of the tissue at port site after removal of the implement.

McCarus医师指出，切割式的套针是侵犯性最低的手术法之一，但是其所带来的负面效应也不少，包含疤痕、套针插入部位疼痛及疝气等；现在，新的技术所使用的套针不但没有刀刃，也没有锐利的切割尖端；这种无刀刃的套针，以分离纤维组织的方式作穿刺，因此对筋膜的伤害最低，且在手术完成后，所穿刺的组织部位可以自行再定位，不需缝合。

I didn't watch TV last night, because it .

昨晚我没有看电视，因为电视机坏了。

Since this year, in a lot of villages of Beijing, TV of elevator liquid crystal was removed.

今年以来，在北京的很多小区里，电梯液晶电视被撤了下来。