等离子体

In this thesis, the study results of the basic characteristics of laser-ablation Cu plasma are given, Following are the details, The research of laser induced Cu plasma emission spectra in airUsing Nd:YAG laser (with a wavelength of 1064nm and a pulse width of 10ns) ablate copper target in air to observe the emission spectra of plasma.

本论文采用光谱方法对激光烧蚀产生的Cu等离子体的基本特征进行了实验研究，主要内容有：空气中激光烧蚀Cu产生等离子体发射光谱的研究利用Q-开关Nd∶YAG激光器产生的1.06μm、10ns的脉冲激光聚焦在空气中的Cu靶上，观测了激光诱导的Cu等离子体发射光谱。

The Airy function is used to calculate the plasma impedance and the grill-plasma scattering matrix is deduced, then the coupling properties of the HT-7 LHCD MJ launcher are studied with the antenna scattering matrix and the grill-plasma scattering matrix based on the liner coupling theory. The average power reflection coefficient, directivity, power spectrum are obtained for different edge plasma densities and for different phasings between main waveguides.

采用线型耦合理论，用艾黎函数计算了等离子体阻抗，推导出常规波导阵对等离子体的散射矩阵，并利用它和天线自身的散射矩阵研究了HT-7装置低杂波多结波导阵天线的耦合特性；计算了其平均功率反射系数、方向性系数和功率谱与等离子体边缘密度和主波导相位差等参数的关系。

It is introduced the approaches for diagnosing plasm such as static bougie,spectrum,impedance measurement etc.

文章对等离子体诊断的常用方法及适用范围作了介绍，并认为对任何能反映等离子体性质的物理量的测量方法，都可以作为等离子体诊断的方法。

Therefore,SPs at A1 surface and the boundary of overdense plasma have properties in common.

因此金属边界的表面等离子体激元应和过密等离子体边界的表面等离子体激元具有相同的性质。

This paper summarized the characters and acting principles as well as the application of low temperature plasma technology on the surface modification of protein biomaterials, and forecasted their applied prospects. Especially it make mention of improved absorption and combination of chrome in leather processing by low temperature plasma on the surface modification of collagen fibrils, that it may come into being a new technology of free-chrome.

概述了低温等离子体的特点和作用原理，并总结了低温等离子体技术在蛋白类生物材料表面改性中应用，展望了该技术的应用前景，特别指出了通过低温等离子体对皮胶原纤维的改性处理，有望提高铬的吸收与结合，甚至实现无铬鞣制新技术，这将对传统铬鞣工艺产生重要作用。

The results show that photocatalyst TiO2 improves the removal rate of toluene in not only the nitrogen plasma field (NTP-P-O2/N2) eradiating ultraviolet light but also the argon plasma field eradiating visible light. This supports the idea that both the UV light and the high-energy electron in the plasma field can activate TiO2. Furthermore, the toluene removal rate in NTP-P-Ar system is 5% higher than that in NTP-P-O2/N2 system, confirming that high-energy electron has greater effect on the degradation performance of toluene, as compared with UV light.

结果表明：在发射紫外光的氮等离子体场(NTP-P-O2/N2)中和发射可见光的氩等离子体场中，TiO2：均能提高体系的甲苯去除率，说明等离子体场中产生的紫外光和高能电子均能激活光催化剂TiO2；NTP-P-Ar体系中的甲苯去除率较NTP-P-O2/N2：体系中的约提高5%，说明等离子体场中高能粒子对甲苯降解性能的影响要强于紫外光的影响。

Arc plasma has many advantages, such as high temperature、 high energydensity and so on. It has been applied in the field of cutting、 welding、 metallurgyand material prepared etc, but there is a long-term problem in the field of the arcplasma technology, which is how to reduce cathode erosion to increase the life-timeof arc plasma generator, so many scholars in the world have been studying theproblem on the cathode erosion.

电弧等离子体具有温度高、能量密度大和对环境污染小等特点，它已被广泛应用于切割、焊接、冶金、材料制备等领域，但是在电弧等离子体技术中，怎样减少阴极烧损提高等离子体发生器的寿命是电弧等离子体技术中一个长期问题，因而国内外的许多学者仍在对阴极烧损这个问题进行研究；本文围绕&通过提高阴极表面温度，增强阴极表面的电子发射能力，来增大阴极弧根直径，进而降低电弧通过阴极弧根传入阴极表面的有效比热流，以达到减小阴极烧损的目的。&

The other factor making confinement improve is plasma rotation which is present in almost all current tokamaks It has been shown that the plasma rotation plays an important role in creating or maintaining transport barriers Some researcher have started considering the transport, the instability, and so on in the rotating plasma in the reversed shear configuration.

另外，早先发现等离子体旋转也是改善约束、输运垒形成的重要因素，一些人开始考虑在反磁剪切位形下旋转等离子体中的输运、不稳定性等问题。在本论文中我们把反磁剪切位形下有旋转的托卡马克等离子体理解为高约束先进托卡马克等离子体。

The spectra structure of M-band and the ion distribution of laser-produced plasma is very important for the research on the inertial confinement fusion.

激光等离子体M带辐射光谱结构以及电离状态的研究是激光聚变研究领域中的重要内容，开展金M带谱细致结构研究有利于了解等离子体中物理过程的详细信息，正确地预测激光等离子体的电荷态分布对于理解高温等离子体中的辐射强弱，能量沉积和平衡至关重要。

The relationship between the laser plasma acoustic wave and laser plasma shock wave is also studied. A method to judge the mechanical effect of the laser plasma shockwave according to the character values of the laser plasma acoustic wave is got.

论文还分析研究了激光等离子体声波和激光等离子体冲击波力学效应的关系，提出了利用激光等离子体声波特征量判断激光等离子体冲击波力学效应的方法。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。