等神经节的

The spinal radix can be identified according to four factors-terminal filum, the exit of L1 radix on the dura, morphological feature of S1 and S2, and the blood vessel on this region.

根据终丝，L1神经根硬膜出口，S1和S2的形态特征以及节段血管等四个方面综合鉴别能准确辨认神经根。

Results1.In diabetic rats,the pathological change of the retinal structure displayed the decrease of the retinal ganglion cells\' number,and the signs of the apoptosis in different degrees could be found in the altrastructure of retinal neurons,including:cell shrinkage,chromatin margination and nuclear collapse,and so on.

结果1。随糖尿病大鼠病程延长，逐渐出现视网膜神经节细胞数量减少、细胞排列紊乱的病理改变，透射电镜下可见视网膜神经细胞出现胞浆浓缩、细胞体积缩小、染色质边聚、细胞核固缩、断裂等不同阶段的凋亡征象。

Cervical spondylosis is due to cervical back muscle strain as well as the unbalanced paravertebral muscle strength caused by long-term working with head drop, which thereby leads to a set of syndrome: cervical intervertebral disc degeneration, narrow intervertebral space, unstable vertebrae unit, protruded or extruded nucleus pulpous; hyperosteogeny, ligament pachynsis, narrow neural canal or nerve root canal; oppressed nerve root and spinal cord, stimulated vertebral artery and sympathetic nerve; aching and discomfort cervix; numbness and disability of the body; functional disorder in relieving the bowels; dizziness and nausea, etc.

颈椎病的原理及颈椎功能锻炼的原理 Theory of Cervical Spondylosis and Cervical Vertebrae Dirigation 颈椎病是由于长期低头工作等原因所导致的项背肌劳损、颈椎周围肌群肌力不平衡，从而使颈椎间盘退变、椎间隙狭窄、椎节失稳、髓核脱出或突出、骨质增生、韧带肥厚，使椎管或神经根管狭窄，压迫脊髓、神经根、刺激椎动脉及交感神经，出现颈部酸痛不适、躯体麻木无力、大小便功能障碍、头晕恶心等症状的一组综合症。

Because of the significance of zebrafish Dapper2 in mesoderm induction, the mouse dapper2 was cloned following its homolog. The study of its spatial and temporal expression pattern showed that it expressed specifically in otic vesicle, somite,gut and roof plate of mouse embryos.

鉴于Dapper2对于胚胎中胚层发育的重要性，本文首先克隆出小鼠Dapper2基因，并研究其时空表达谱，发现它在体节形成期后在体节、耳泡、神经顶板、肠等组织中特异性表达。

Objective: To observe the influence of You Tang Ming granule, which had the functions of replenishing qi and producting jing, nourishing liver and kindneys, activating channels of eyes to improve eyesight, on retinal microvascular and retinal gangliocyte in STZ-diabetic rats.

中文题名优糖明颗粒对糖尿病视网膜病变非增殖期作用的实验研究副题名外文题名论文作者刘路宏导师廖品正教授学科专业中医眼科学研究领域\研究方向学位级别博士学位授予单位成都中医药大学学位授予日期2001 论文页码总数55页关键词优糖明颗粒链脲佐菌素糖尿病视网膜病变视网膜疾病馆藏号BSLW /2001 /R276 /3 目的：探讨益气生津、滋养肝肾、通络明目中药复方优糖明颗粒对6个月病程STZ糖尿病大鼠视网膜微血管及神经节细胞等的影响及其机理。

It was achieved by intradural microanastomosis of the L6 ventral root to S2 ventral root. After axonal regeneration, the "patellar ligament-spinal cord center-bladder" reflex pathway was reestablished. The function of the reflex arc was observed by nerve electrophysiological experiment, detrusor electromyography experiment, urodynamic testing and HRP retrograde tracing before and in 8 months after the spinal cord was destroyed horizontally between S1 and S4 level. There was one case of conical SCI patient who had L1 fracture and paraplegia was received intradural microanastomosis of the L6 ventral root to S2 ventral root after Li fracture and paraplegia.

将Beagle犬L6前根近端与S2前根远端在硬膜内显微吻合，经一段时间的轴突再生后，建立&膝腱－脊髓中枢－膀胱&人工反射弧，术后8个月，在破坏S1~S4脊髓节段前后分别进行神经电生理、膀胱肌电图及尿流动力学和辣根过氧化物酶逆行示踪等检查；对1例L1压缩性骨折伴截瘫患者行右侧T11与52前根经腓肠神经移植硬膜内吻合术。

But inner hair cell and tectorial membrane were normal.4. The quantities of nNOS and iNOS increased obviously in the cochlea of HIE rats.

1。缺氧缺血时，nNOS和iNOS在新生大鼠耳蜗的内、外毛细胞，血管纹，螺旋神经节等细胞的分布增多，但两者的活性变化不同，分别在缺氧缺血的早期和晚期时活性最强。

AQP3, 7, 8 distribute in a similar manner which is surrounding the membranous labyrihth, including Cortis organ, inner and outer spiral sulcus, stria vascularis, fibrocytes of the spiral ligament and the spiral limbus, saccular and utricular wall, endolymphatic sac and spiral ganglion.

AQP3，7，8三者的分布类似，在螺旋神经节和包绕膜迷路的组织中表达，包括Corti's器、内外螺旋沟、血管纹、螺旋韧带纤维细胞、螺旋缘、椭圆囊壁、球囊壁、内淋巴囊等。

Results: Dynamic observation with histopathology and immunohistochemical staining showed that, after the nerve root nerve root compression, the myelinated nerve fibers decreased and there was ultrastructure changes of the nerve fibers, such as Schwann cell cytoplasm swelling and edema, Wallerian degeneration, and demyelinated degeneration of axons.

结果：通过对压迫神经根及神经根节大体观，组织病理学和免疫组织化学的光学显微镜的动态观察，可见神经根压迫后其有随神经纤维数目减少和超微结构的改变，如神经模细胞胞质肿胀和细胞水肿、华勒变性、神经轴突脱髓鞘变等。

Heart malformation, such as PTA, DORV, VSD and aortic arch malformation, were detected when neural crest were taken out before they migrated into 3, 4, 6 pharyngeal gland. Interestingly, the types of malformation were related with the length of neural crest destroyed; PTA was detected if the length exceeds two somites, while DORV would be detected if the length less than two somites. These results indicate that CNCCs are very important to the conotruncal development.

研究发现，如果在迁移之前切除散发到第3、4、6咽弓的神经嵴细胞，就会出现永存动脉干、主动脉骑跨、右室双出口、主动脉弓畸型和室间隔缺损等心血管畸形，且切除的长度与畸形的种类相关，如切除长度大于两个体节可产生永存动脉干，切除长度小于两个体节则产生右室双流出道，由此可见，心脏神经嵴细胞对于心脏圆锥部的发育意义重大。

As she looked at Warrington's manly face, and dark, melancholy eyes, she had settled in her mind that he must have been the victim of an unhappy attachment.

每逢看到沃林顿那刚毅的脸，那乌黑、忧郁的眼睛，她便会相信，他一定作过不幸的爱情的受害者。

Maybe they'll disappear into a pothole.

也许他们将在壶穴里消失