等环的

The recent research progress of oxidation carbonylation of amines/β-amino alcohols, alkoxycarbonylation of epoxides, carbonylative Suzuki coupling, carbonylative Sonogashira, and double carbonylation of aryl iodides has been presented, focusing on the carbonylation reactions studied by us in the past few years, with 81 references.

综述了胺／氨基醇类化合物氧化羰化、环氧化合物氢酯基化、碘代芳烃的羰化Suzuki偶联、羰化Sonogashira以及双羰基化等重要羰基化反应的研究状况，特别是结合本课题组近年来在该领域中的工作，并对羰基化反应的发展及应用前景进行了展望。

Cis-C=C configuration on 2 position is easily isomerized to trans-form in environment according to literatures, but cycloproyl do it difficut relatively. So, replacement of 2,3- allyl unit by cyclopropyl group might give a practical method to get over the problem.

为解决脱落酸2位双键在环境中易光异构化为反式结构的问题，依据电子等排体原理，将2，3-位的烯丙型的结构改变为环丙型结构，将可能解决光异构化的问题。

In this paper, a simple, accurate and intuitionistic formula and method for calculating and analyzing the I-V characteristics of a pn junction is deduced. The method is used to calculate and analyze the I-V and RD-V characteristics of two typical HgCdTe loophole junctions. Some important parameters which reflect the characteristics of a diode, such as surface Ohm leakage conductance and the distribution of the ideal factor n with voltage are obtained.

本文推导了一种可简便、准确、直观计算和分析pn结I-V特性的公式和方法，并应用该方法对两类典型HgCdTe环孔pn结的I-V、RD-V特性进行了计算和拟合；得到了表面欧姆漏电导、二极管理想因子n随电压的分布等反映二极管结特性的重要参数。

--Bishomomanicone, a constituent of the mandibular gland secretion of the ant M. rubida and of the oak moss oil of E. prunastri Ach. was prepared from-4-methylvalerolactone through 10 steps with the overall yield 2.9%.

R-4-甲基戊内酯经过开环、脱羧、双羟化等10步操作，以2.9%的收率合成了蚂蚁信息素--Bishomomanicone，该化合物也是橡苔精油的组成成分之一，合成中的关键步骤是Li2CuCl4催化的碘化物与格氏试剂的偶联，以及HWE反应。

An injection type shunt hybrid active power filter was analyzed, it can suppress harmonic currents and compensate high capacity reactive power, nevertheless, a sharp boosting on DC-side voltage was found in application. Based on the analyses of the reasons, different solutions was proposed such as adoption of main circuit of multiple performances, the use of hysteretic control method, fore-feed control of reflowing current or direct control on DC-side voltage without a rectifier to supply.

研究一种兼具大容量无功补偿能力的注入式并联混合有源滤波器，并分析其在工程应用中发现的直流侧电压抬升现象及这种现象产生的原因，在此基础上提出从采用多重化主电路结构、滞环控制法、回灌电流前馈控制法和脱离整流电源直接对直流侧电压进行控制等几个方面来抑制直流侧电压抬升的方法。

Topics discussed include ultrafast spectroscopic techniques; aspects of electron transfer reactions ranging from solvent effects; intermolecular and intramolecular systems, to dynamics at semiconductor surfaces; the dynamics of chemical systems using Raman spectroscopy; pericyclic photochemical rearrangements and photodissociation reactions; solvent--solute interaction dynamics; and chemical dynamics in clusters.

讨论的议题包括超快光谱技术，电子转移反应的溶剂效应等方面；分子间和分子系统，动力在半导体表面，使用的化学拉曼光谱系统动力学；周环重排和光化学解离反应；溶剂-溶质相互作用的动态以及在化学动力学组。

In the selective oxidations, Manganese porphyrin mimic enzyme systems supported on different inorganic supports are designed and developed, which are applied in studies of green processes, such as, the selective olefin epoxidation with oxygen in either ionic liquid or water, the oxidation of alcohols.

在选择性氧化反应中，设计制备了不同无机载体的锰卟啉模拟酶体系，分别在离子液选择性和水相中开展了以氧气为氧源的烯烃环氧化、醇的氧化等绿色反应过程的研究。

The diagnostic vibrational modes of these complexes were predicted and assigned. Bond length, total atomic charge, frontier molecualr obital energy, molecular obital coefficience, and Mullicken Bonding Population demonstrated that electron transfer should have happened from benzene to ammonium, and therefor the charge-transfer complex should be formed.

通过复合物中的键长、原子净电荷、分子轨道能量和系数、Mullicken成键布居等量子化学参数的分析得出了铵和苯环碳原子发生作用而形成电荷转移复合物，铵和苯之间的作用包含s-π相互作用的结论。

Finally, the analysis results of assembly interference and assembly clearance show that the numerical models established have high degree of precision. That can be used as a reference for the profile of cutter and the virtual design of double-roller enveloping hourglass worm reducer.

最后的装配干涉和装配间隙分析结果表明，建立的数字化模型精确度很高，可以为加工蜗杆时刀具廓形的设计，无侧隙双滚子包络环面蜗杆减速器的虚拟设计等后续工作提供参考依据。

From aspects of the principles and components of the water-supply system ,the configuration of the water-supply system ,and the pipeline pressure detecting equipment,etc.

从供水系统的原理及构成、供水系统的配制、管网压力检测装置等方面，介绍了一种由单片机与变频器组成的新型多功能变频恒压供水闭环自动控制系统的软硬件设计。

But we don't care about Battlegrounds.

但我们并不在乎沙场中的显露。

Ah! don't mention it, the butcher's shop is a horror.

啊！不用提了。提到肉，真是糟透了。