等时的

During the postgenomics era the information about genomic sequence and gene functions provides a new foundation for evolutionary biology and ecology As the first whole-genome sequenced plant Arabidopsis thaliana and its wild relatives have played a critical role in understanding the evolution of genomics and speciation Both A halleri and A lyrata are closely related to the model species A thaliana A halleri ssp gemmifera occurs in northeastern China Japan and Taiwan; while its sister A halleri ssp halleri is mainly distributed in Europe Geographical barriers such as Tienshan Mountain Range isolate these intraspecific sisters Likewise A lyrata ssp kamchatica and ssp lyrata occur in East Asia and North America respectively Such distribution patterns seem to be consistent with allopartic speciation The comparison between ancestral and extant polymorphism by multilocus can be informative about the population genetics of speciation In this study we collected and analyzed DNA sequences of 98 genes from four wild relatives of A thaliana A halleri ssp gemmifera A halleri ssp halleri A lyrata ssp kamchatica and A lyrata ssp lyrata The ancestral states of these four species were compared to each other in terms of level of genetic variation However the ancestral species at the time of speciation were substantially more polymorphic than the extant geographical populations The observations are not fully compatible with speciation by strict allopatry At some species pairs parapatric speciation seems more reasonable in speciation of Arabidopsis The 98 gene sequences are also used for the congruence test between gene genealogy and species phylogeny Only 28 genes support the species phylogeny but there are 23 genes supports another major genealogy { lyrata} thaliana Based on the phylogenetic position change of A lyrata ssp kamchatica and Ks value for each species pair suggested the recent directional gene flow between A halleri ssp gemmifera and A lyrata ssp kamchatica

阿拉伯芥是第一个完成基因体定序的开花植物，其基因体资讯提供植物学研究的重要依据；在解析阿拉伯芥属物种的亲缘关系以及种化机制等重要的演化议题时，阿拉伯芥近缘的野生物种自然成了不可或缺的关键；跟阿拉伯芥近缘的物种包括A halleri及A lyrata，其中A halleri ssp gemmifera主要分布於中国东北、日本以及台湾，与近缘的A halleri ssp halleri其分布於欧洲隔著天山及大陆的障蔽，而A lyrata ssp kamchatica主要分布於东北亚及台湾，与分布於北美五大湖的A lyrata ssp lyrata被北极圈所分隔，这样的分布模式暗示异域种化的可能。藉由多基因分析比较祖先物种与现生物种遗传歧异度的相关可提供讯息探讨种化时期的族群遗传结构，本研究针对A halleri ssp gemmifera、A halleri ssp halleri及A lyrata ssp kamchatica、A lyrata ssp lyrata四个物种，两对互为亚种的姊妹群，以阿拉伯芥为外群进行研究，在四个物种完成98个同源基因的分子序列，利用套装软体MCMCcoal来估算祖先物种的遗传变异，亦估算现生物种的核苷酸歧异度，观察到？多物种配对中祖先物种遗传多型性大於现生物种DNA歧异度，显示异域种化模型并无法完全解释阿拉伯芥属物种的种化模式，在某些物种配对间邻域种化模式应比异域种化更为可能；在基因树与物种树的比较，98个基因片段的亲缘模式只有28个是与已知物种树一致的，有23个基因其树状图支持{ lyrata} thaliana的型式，藉由kamchatica位置的变化以及估算各物种配对间的平均同义置换率，推测在A halleri ssp gemmifera与A lyrata ssp kamchatica间具有近代的单方向基因交流。

Discussions are given of the fate of Ms2 during translocation in the hexoploid triticale, the exchange of the names for 4A and 4B chromosomes in common wheat and the possible expoitation of the new locus Ms2 (4BS), and the following speculations are made: In geneic genes of allopolyploid organisms the donor chromosomes tend to be intergenomically translocated to their phylogically and evolutionarily close chromosomes with the same order number and the same arm; it is cofirmed that the 7th International Conference of Wheat Genetics was right to exchange the names between chromosomes 4A and 4B of common wheat in 1988; and as a new genetic marker and a breeding tool for all the chromosome B-carrying species in the tribe of Tritceae, Ms2 (4BS) may have wide application in building and expanding the gene pool of germplasm resources of various species of wheat.

对 Ms2基因在六倍体小黑麦与原太谷核不育小麦远缘杂交中易位时的走向，普通小麦4A与4B染色体的互换更名以及 Ms2(4BS)新位点的开发利用进行了讨论：认为异源多倍体生物核基因的组间易位倾向于从供体染色体向进化亲缘关系较密切，且染色体序数与染色体臂相同的部分同源染色体易位；1988年第7届国际小麦遗传学会对普通小麦4A与4B染色体的互换更名是正确的； Ms2(4BS)作为一个新型的遗传标记，作为小麦族内所有携带B染色体组的物种的育种工具和在拓建各类小麦种质资源的基因库等方面均有广泛的用途。

I never care to borrow books from other people or library, it seems that books bought can better satisfy my bibliomania than books borrowed never care to You may also attribute this to some sort of desire for personal possessions Whenever I have some new acquisitions, it is my great pleasure and satisfaction to stamp my ex libris on them one by one.

This is completely subject to the whims of the moment on terms 其实只是社交上的客套，和"顿首""百拜"同是仪式，的虚伪这种交际可以说是社交，和真正的友谊相差甚远别的门类只是一些概论等类的入门书而已，我不喜欢向别人或图书馆借书，借来的书，在我看来好像不过瘾似的，必要时自己买的才满足不喜欢这也可谓是一种占有的欲望买到了新书，一册册的加盖藏书印记，这是我最感到快悦的时候。

I once had a friend called Grunwalski. We were sent to Siberia together. When you go to a Siberian work camp, you travel in a cattle car. You roll across icy steppes for days, without seeing a soul. You huddle to keep warm. But it's hard to relieve yourself, to take a shit, you can't do it on the train, and the only time the train stops is to take on water for the locomotive. But Grunwalski was shy, even when we bathed together, he got upset. I used to kid him about it. So, the train stops and everyone jumps out to shit on the tracks. I teased Grunwalski so much, that he went off on his own. The train starts moving, so everyone jumps on, but it waits for nobody. Grunwalski had a problem: he'd gone behind a bush, and was still shitting. So I see him come out from behind the bush, holding up his pants with his hands. He tries to catch up. I hold out my hand, but each time he reaches for it he lets go of his pants and they drop to his ankles. He pulls them up, starts running again, but they fall back down, when he reaches for me.

我曾经有个叫Grunwalski的朋友我们一起被派去西伯利亚，当你去西伯利亚的一个工作营地，你必须乘坐一辆牲口车，你整天穿行在冷冰冰的西伯利亚大草原上，连个鬼都看不见你为了取暖缩成一团这几乎不能让你感到好受些，你不能在火车上方便，唯一的机会是在火车停下来为机车加水的时候才可以可是Grunwalski很害羞，甚至是我们在一起洗澡的时候，他都有些尴尬我过去经常嘲笑他于是，当火车停下来每个人都跳出去在铁轨上方便的时候我狠狠地挖苦Grunwalski，他走开了一个人在那儿火车开动了，每个人都跳上了火车，它不会等人的Grunwalski遇到了麻烦：他已经去了丛林后面，而且还在方便所以我看见他从丛林里出来，用他的双手提着裤子他想赶上火车我伸出手，可是每一次他够到我的手时他的裤子就要掉下来一直掉到他的膝盖上他提起了裤子，重新追上来，但是当他抓住我的时候，裤子又掉了下来

At the checkout counter, a Timba teenager waiting for the clerk to ring up a pile of cooking oil, salt and beans sported the beads and brassiere that distinguish her from her Himba cousins, although one of her breasts was hanging out, whether as a fashion statement or because she'd gotten up late, itwas unclear.

在结算柜台旁，一个十几岁的提姆巴孩子正等着营业员在现金收入机上记录她的一堆物品的价钱，包括烹饪油、食盐、用来做珠串的豆子以及将她和其他辛巴伙伴们区别的乳罩，尽管她的一个乳房吊在了外面，这是一种时尚还是因为起晚时的仓促造成的，不得而知。

With proper equations of state the relationship between the pressure and the isothermal bulk modulus is presented, which is compared with those data that come from PREM and PEM values. In order to know more about the property of matter in the inner earth's core we presented the relationship between the temperature and the volume, and the relationship between the temperature and the thermal pressure.

采用与现有地震学数据一致的地核物质状态方程，计算了300K时压强-不可压缩系数的关系图，并与地核环境下PREM、PEM模型的数据加以比较；给出了内地核环境下温度-摩尔体积、温度-热压等参数的关系曲线，研究了地核物质的热学参数；应用计算所得到的热压值，借助量子统计物理的方法，列表给出了与内地核物质量子效应有关的各项参数。

Is a natural evolution from realism, from development, which has the features of realism and realism, realism, it is further than reality; naturalist on the environment, scenery, the people, the psychological aspects of the activities described in a more objective than reality and, more specifically, more nuanced, as Zola answered some of his critics, said:"I say the things I saw, I put it down, so it…… my work is not political parties and advocacy works, it is true performance works."

自然主义是从现实主义演变、发展而来，它具备现实主义的写实特征，就写实而言，它比现实主义更进一步；自然主义对环境、景物、人物的心理活动等方面的描写比现实主义更客观、更具体、更细腻，正如左拉回答一些人对他的批评时所说的那样：&我说出我看见过的东西，我把它记录下来，如此而已……我的作品不是党派和宣传的作品，它是表现真实的作品。&

Considering the slope features, location of the tower, size and quantity of potential unstable rock mass on the slope surface, and the size and quantity of the rock blocks at the slope toe, a feasible risk assessment method is put forward based on the energy of the rolling rock block reaching the tower, and the frequency of rockfalls.

从影响滚石击中塔体时的能量以及塔体被滚石击中的可能性出发，提出现场评价危岩对塔体威胁等级的方法。该方法考虑了边坡形状、塔位与山体的相对位置、坡上危岩的数量和大小以及坡脚滚石的数量和大小等因素。

Therapeutic horseback riding have been believed as a good media to improve balance ability. We proceeded to do a case study, by the use of a mechanical horse made by Joba EU-6441, Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd., Japan. This mechanical horse is designed according to the movement pattern of a real horse. The seat is designed to move in a pattern based on the figure of eight. Many clinics begin to adopt the mechanical horses as treatment tools, but its effectiveness in children with ADHD remains unknown.

目前对於ADHD儿童平衡能力的训练及介入成效之研究较少，本研究以骑马治疗进行个案讨论，采用的骑马机(Joba EU-6441， Matsushita Electric Industrial Co。， Ltd。， Japan)是根据真实马运动时的动作模式所设计出来的，临床上认为骑马机有可增进平衡能力的功用，目前已逐渐被临床治疗师广泛使用，但对於骑马机的确切疗效仍没有研究加以证实，尤其是骑马机是否对於平衡能力或是感觉调节能力有所帮助等。

Masters of the role not only in the War of Resistance against Japan before the national situation of relative calm, schools better material conditions of the Qinghua be brought into full play, even in a difficult period of the Anti-Japanese War, the material is extremely scarce, there is no "building" also from the southwest United Nations General Assembly An extremely brilliant role, including a number of foreign professors, such as Windhoek, and so on.

大师的作用不仅在抗日战争以前国家形势相对平静，学校物质条件较好时的清华得到充分的发挥，即使在抗战的困难时期，物质极其匮乏，根本不存在&大楼&的西南联大也起了极其辉煌的作用，其中也包括若干位外籍教授，如温德等。

Finally, according to market conditions and market products this article paper analyzes the trends in the development of camera technology, and designs a color night vision camera.

最后根据市场情况和市面上产品的情况分析了摄像机技术的发展趋势，并设计了一款彩色夜视摄像机。

Only person height weeds and the fierce looks stone idles were there.

只有半人深的荒草和龇牙咧嘴的神像。