等位的

THE FIRST TOTAL SYNTHESIS OF TAXAMAIRIN B Taxamairin B, representive of rare naturally-occuring rearrang-ed 9(10→20)-abeo-8, 11, 13-triene diterpenoids, has been firstsynthesized by a eleven-step route in an overall yield of 8.19%,starting from commercially available catechol and 1,3-cyclohexan-dione. The improved Friedel-Crafts annulation, thermodynamicallycontrolled-geminal pairing methylation, the selective oxidation ofallyl group and the selective reduction of the less-hindrancecarbon-carbon double bond are the key steps.

二。美丽红豆杉素B的全合成研究 1，美丽红豆杉素B的首次全合成以价廉，易得的邻苯二酚和1，3-环己二酮为原料，经过改良的Friedel-Crafts烷基化反应，热力学控制的α，β-不饱和酮结构的α一位双烷基化，烯丙位的选择性氧化，以及选择性还原位阻较小的碳碳双键等十一步反应，以8.19％的总收率首次完成了美丽红豆杉素B的全合成。

The results showed that:(1) we can mapping quantitative trait locus while estimating the variance component of QTL;(2) granddaughter design is better than daughter design when mapping QTL;(3) it is easy to map a QTL for trait with a high heriability and a large QTL variance contribution;(4) we can estimate the variance component of a QTL by TM-BLUP based on ML method whether the QTL has only 2 alleles or QTL has normal distributed alleles effects;(5) the estimation accuracy of variance component contributed by QTL was improved by using of grand daughter design;(6) the higher the heritability and the QTL variance contribution was, the more accurate estimation of QTL variance component.

结果表明：（1）采用随机QTL效应模型和最大似然法，在估计QTL方差组分的同时，能够定位QTL；（2）孙女设计与女儿设计相比，在其它因素相同时，容易检出QTL；（3）遗传力高，QTL方差贡献较大的性状，QTL检出的效果优于遗传力低，QTL方差贡献较小的性状；（4）无论QTL上有2个等位基因，还是QTL上等位基因的效应服从正态分布，都可将其看作随机效应，采用基于TM-BLUP的ML法，估计其方差组分和定位QTL；（5）QTL方差组分估计的准确性，孙女设计高于女儿设计；（6）遗传力高的性状，QTL方差贡献大的QTL，QTL方差组分估计的准确性高。

The paper summarizes the recent progress in microsatellites isolation and their applications in population study, parentage analysis, and detection of changes in genetic variation of farmed stocks, and reviews the problems of microsatellite markers including null alleles and size homoplasy.

本文对皱纹盘鲍的微卫星标记的开发以及在种群遗传多样性评价、家系分析、人工苗种遗传变异监测研究方面的最新进展进行了综述，并阐述了微卫星标记在无效等位基因、大小承异同形性等方面存在的问题。

A good use of the integer type, the biggest 9999990 to support the decimal integer, It can perform large integers, plus or minus, multiplication, addition and modular, with a big round of the largest factions, extended Euclidean algorithm, the Chinese remainder theorem algorithm, Miller - Rabin primality testing algorithm, random generation of arbitrary integer spaces such as libraries, This kind of dynamic library has been used for commercial software, the reliability and speed is affirmed.

一个很好用的大整数的类，最大可支持9999990位的十进制整数，可进行大整数的加、减、乘、除和取模运算，并带有求大整数的最大公因数、扩展Euclidean算法、中国剩余定理算法、Miller-Rabin素性测试算法、随机生成任意位的大整数等函数库，这个类的动态库曾用于商业软件之中，其可靠性和速度是得到确认的。

The company's leading product LD series intelligent industrial control instrumentation for temperature, humidity, pressure, flow, level, pH and other parameters automatically detect, display, Totalizer and control, in metallurgy, chemical industry, light industry, food, pharmaceutical, oil refining, electric power industry can be widely used, and its excellent cost performance from all walks of life have become an increasing popular.

公司的主导产品LD系列智能型工业控制仪表，用于温度、湿度、压力、流量、液位、酸碱度等参数的自动检测、显示、积算及控制，在治金、化工、轻工、食品、制药、炼油、电力等行业中得以广泛使用，其优良的性能价格比日益受到各行各业的青睐。

LD's leading product line of intelligent industrial control instruments for temperature, humidity, pressure, flow, level, acidity and other parameters automatically detect, display, Totalizer and control, in the metallurgical, chemical, light industry, food, Pharmaceutical, oil refining, electric power and other industries to be widely used, its excellent cost performance has increasingly come under the favor of all walks of life.

公司的主导产品LD系列智能型工业控制仪表，用于温度、湿度、压力、流量、液位、酸碱度等参数的自动检测、显示、积算及控制，在治金、化工、轻工、食品、制药、炼油、电力等行业中得以广泛使用，其优良的性能价格比日益受到各行各业的青睐。

The present study was designed to elucidate the role of apoE polymorphism in the lithogenesis of cholecystolithiasis and to explore the hereditary pathogenesis of the disease. Polymerase Chain Reaction was used as researching apoE phenotypes and allele frequencies in patients with gallstones (n=87) and in controls (n=50), and the fasting serum lipids of subjects were also measured.

为从分子遗传学水平探讨胆囊结石病的发病机理，采用聚合酶链反应等方法研究了87例胆囊结石患者和50例非结石者的apoE基因表型及等位基因频率，并分析了不同apoE基因表型的胆囊结石患者的血脂质代谢特征。

According to the request of national regulation of verification of JJG259-1989 Standard Metal Tank and national technical specification of JJF1059-1999 Evaluation and Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement, the author adopted Type A and Type B uncertainty of evaluation methods. Standard uncertainty comes from various heft,liquid location difference in height of verified capacity measure,capacity of Gauge neck,difference in height of liquid location of gauge neck and standard capacity measurement.

根据JJG2591989《标准金属量器》国家检定规程和JJF1059-1999《测量不确定度评定与表示》国家技术规范的要求，通过采用不确定度A类和B类评定方法，具体分析包括被检量器的液位高度差，计量颈容量，计量颈液位高度差，标准金属量器等分量的产生及所引入的不确定度分量，从而获得标准金属量器测量结果的扩展不确定度。

Cultured PC12 cells were incubated with Fluo 3-AM working solution (the final concentration of Fluo 3-AM is 5μmol/L) at 37℃for 45min, followed by 3 times washes with the culture medium. The cultured neurons grown on glass coverslips were placed in a cell chamber on the stage of an inverted microscope.

多种应激刺激通过细胞内信号转导途径使CREB第133位的丝氨酸磷酸化而激活，活化的CREB直接或间接激活相关基因的转录，进而表述某些蛋白分子以及某些神经营养因子等，进而调节神经元在应激性损伤后再生、存活及修复等。

MDH was applied to the studies of A.mellifera,which included several aspects as follows:the number of queen matings,labor division in honeybee societies,the analysis of genetic constitution in honeybee populations and so on.

东方蜜蜂（A.cerana F。）的MDH由S、F两个等位基因编码，也有报道它是单态性的。MDH在西方蜜蜂研究中应用较多，主要有处女王交配次数；蜂群中的劳动分工；蜜蜂种群遗传组成分析等。

In the United States, chronic alcoholism and hepatitis C are the most common ones.

在美国，慢性酒精中毒，肝炎是最常见的。

If you have any questions, you can contact me anytime.

如果有任何问题，你可以随时联系我。