等价的

Secondly, the physical models of material paramters for pseudomorphic Si〓Ge〓 layers grown on＜100＞Si substrate is studied thoroughly.

其次，较全面地研究了赝晶生长在＜100＞Si衬底上的Si〓Ge〓外延层的材料参数模型，其中首次提出了应变Si〓Ge〓双带能带结构的等价有效简并度模型。

In paper[3],Gu proved that the existence of splines on Riemannian Surfaces is equivalent to the existence of an affine atlas and presented a theoretical framework.

在文章[3]中，证明了在黎曼面上样条的存在性等价于黎曼面上仿射结构的存在性，并给出了样条建立的框架。

We directly reduced the Duursma-Lee algorithm applying the theory of divison from the defination of Tate Pairing. Then we introduced a new equavalent defination of Tate pairing of supersingular elliptic curve over finite fields with characteristic three or two, that it has lower final exponent. We proposed two refined algorithms of the modified Duursma-Lee algorithm.

应用除子理论由Tate Pairing的定义直接推导了Duursma-Lee算法；对特征值为3和2的有限域上超奇异椭圆曲线Tate Pairing给出一个等价定义，降低了最后的求幂次数；对Modified Duursma-Lee算法提出两个改进算法，分刖将效率提升了约6.7％和13.3％。

Based on equivalent analysis theory, a practical performance of workflow system is simplified and analogized by four basic modules of random Petri net, and some functional parameters are obtained.

文中选用了基于随机Petri网的工作流系统模型性能等价分析理论，针对一个具体的流程实例，利用随机Petri网的四种基本模型对此流程进行了逐步地化简和分析，最后得到了一些性能指标参数。

Through the calculations of respective cumulated rates of return of Shanghai and Shenzhen Stock Exchanges indices since 1990, it reveals that there is a convergent trend.

在信息完备的情况下，两种方法所得出结果应当是完全一致的，本论文从理论上论证了这两种主要方法的等价性条件。

The NPMOGA algorithm based on non-penalty parameter constraints solving method is composed of the niched Pareto genetic algorithm and non-penalty parameter constraints solving method.

基于无罚系数约束处理方法的NPMOGA算法，由基于Pareto竞争和等价类共享的小生境Pareto遗传算法和无罚系数的约束处理方法组成。

While can be extended directly to take into account more image point features, extensions of the cross-ratio based method is not straightforward.

其中第一种方法，相较於早先我们所曾经使用的Cross-Ratio定位方法，两者在使用最少特徵点数目（4点）之下有等价关系，但对於特殊情况的处理，实验结果显示本论文所提之方法，有著较优的处理效能以及精确性。

Many profound results have been obtained and a lot of challenging problems have been put foreward.

近年来，导出范畴和导出等价广泛应用于众多学科并作为主流课题得到深入研究，产生了许多十分深刻的成果和富有挑战性的问题，反映了当今数学各学科互相渗透互相促进的发展趋势。

All of these formalisms were shown to be equivalent in computational power -- that is, any computation that can be performed with one can be performed with any of the others.

所有的这些形式方法都与计算的能力等价，也即，一个计算可以和另一个计算能够被执行，那么这个计算也能够实现其它任何计算的执行。

In this paper,some equivalence properties of one-valued selection under the set-valued mapping is introduced and give a sufficient and necessary condition of set-valued mapping being a metric projection.

介绍了集值映射的单值选择的几个等价性质，并给出了集值映射成为度量投影的一个充要条件。结果将度量投影情形推广到了集值度量投影情形

However, as the name（read－only memory）implies, CD disks cannot be written onorchanged in any way.

然而，正如其名字所指出的那样，CD盘不能写，也不能用任何方式改变其内容。

Galvanizes steel pallet is mainly export which suits standard packing of European Union, the North America. galvanizes steel pallet is suitable to heavy rack. Pallet surface can design plate type, corrugated and the gap form, satisfies the different requirements.

镀锌钢托盘多用于出口，替代木托盘，免薰蒸，符合欧盟、北美各国对出口货物包装材料的法令要求；喷涂钢托盘适用于重载上货架之用，托盘表面根据需要制作成平板状、波纹状及间隔形式，满足不同的使用要求。