第三

In the first section, the effect of sodium houttuyfonate on the level of lysozyme secreted by macrophages was first tested by bacteriolytic method; then the effect of sodium houttuyfonate on the level of tartaric acid resistant acid phosphatase produced in macrophages was investigated by analyzing the phenol generated in the reaction that was catalyzed by the enzyme; the third, the effect of sodium houttuyfonate on the phagocytic activity of macrophages was observed by microscopy; the forth, the effect of sodium houttuyfonate on the production of complement C4 from macrophages was tested by hemolytic method; the fifth, the effect of sodium houttuyfonate on the expression of C3b receptors on the surface of macrophages was analyzed by observing the formation percentage of zymosan wreath; the sixth, the effect of sodium houttuyfonate on the respiratory burst in macrophages was tested by flow cytometry; the seventh, the effect of sodium houttuyfonate on the production of IL-1α and IL-1β from macrophages was tested by ELISA method.

在这一章中，首先，采用溶菌法考察合成鱼腥草素对巨噬细胞分泌溶菌酶水平的影响；其次，采用游离酚法研究合成鱼腥草素对巨噬细胞产生的耐酒石酸酸性磷酸酶水平的影响；第三，采用显微镜观察法考察合成鱼腥草素对巨噬细胞吞噬功能的影响；第四，采用溶血法测定合成鱼腥草素对巨噬细胞产生的补体C4水平的影响；第五，采用酵母花环法检测合成鱼腥草素对巨噬细胞表面C3b受体水平的影响；第六，采用流式细胞术法观察合成鱼腥草素对巨噬细胞呼吸爆发的影响；第七，采用ELISA法探讨合成鱼腥草素对巨噬细胞产生IL-1α及IL-1β水平的影响。

The introducing arrangement for this chapter is: Firstly, analyzing the amount of fixed asset investment at the whole society and rural areas(including the collections and the personals);analyzing the amount of fixed asset investment at the eastern, middle and the western provinces by second; after that, doing the up-date of farmer's investment and the rustically personal fixed asset investment at the eastern, middle and the western provinces; fourthly, making the analyses on the Agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishing, labor forces, amounts of chemical fertilizer-spraying and the actuality of watering irrigation; fifthly, analyses on the actuality of agriculturally basic construction investment in this chapter; sixthly, nationally financial investment; taking the up-date of nationally financial investment , especially the ones being used to support the farmers with the following;and finally, the up-date of other investment owner being analyzed.

首先，分析了全社会、农村固定资产投资额。其次，分析了东中西部省区农村集体固定资产投资。第三，分析了农户投资的现状及东中西部农村个人固定资产投资。第四，对农林牧渔、劳动力、化肥施用量和水利灌溉现状进行了分析。第五，对农业基本建设投资的现状进行了分析。第六，对国家财政投资，尤其是财政支农投资现状进行了分析。第七，对其它投资主体的现状进行了分析。

This paper consists of 7 chapters. Chapter one: illustrates the background, purpose and meaning of this study; the relevant studies on abroad and in domestic alike and the method and flow of thought of this study. Chapter two: clears the definition, pattern and principle of SPCSAFI, demonstrates the characteristics, functions and meanings of SPCSAFI. Chapter three: analogizes the situation will faced to SPCSAFI. Chapter four: points out the management pattern of SPCSAFI. Chapter five: explores the running mode of SPCSAFI. Chapter six: establishes the evaluating mode of SPCSAFI. Chapter seven: offers the effective tactics to promote the development of SPCSAFI.

本文共七章：第一章阐述了研究的背景、目的和意义，国内外相关研究的动态以及本研究的思路与方法；第二章界定了农林院校大学生社会实践的概念、类型和原则，阐述了农林院校大学生社会实践的特点、功能和意义；第三章分析了农林院校大学生社会实践面临的形势；第四章提出了农林院校大学生社会实践管理模式；第五章探索了农林院校大学生社会实践的运行模式；第六章建立了农林院校大学生社会实践的评价模式；第七章提出了促进农林院校大学生社会实践发展的有效对策。

As part of the study of social administration of Nanjing in the Republic of China, the thesis consists of 7 chapters: Chapter one explains the basic concepts of social administration and the development of modernization of Nanjing before 1927. It stresses the importance of social administration in city development through the depiction of social characteristics and problems of Nanjing. Chapter 2 introduced the theory of social administration of the Republic of China, under which the municipal institutions are structured. It focuses on the social theory of Sun Yat-sen and correlative comments of Jiang Kai-shi, which reflect the theoretic level and subjective intention of social reform of the Republic of China. Chapter 3 discusses the local autonomy of Nanjing of the Republic of China. The origin of democratic local autonomy theory and its influence over social administration are expatriated. The advantages and disadvantages of local autonomy are analyzed in detail. Chapter 4 focuses its discussion upon social rescue work, an important part of social administration, with general description of social rescue work in Nanjing and concludes the characteristics of social rescue work in the transition from the traditional to the modern society. Focusing on the prominent problem of the large flows and inflation of population of Nanjing, chapter 5 discusses the population and population management of Nanjing and outlines the population situation through analysis of the population problem, management methods and the current situation. Chapter 6 describes the unprecedentedly active citizen organizations and parties. The transform and changes of these organizations occurring under the new circumstances and their functions in social administration are analyzed to reveal the interactive function between government and social organizations in social administration. Chapter 7, the epilogue, makes theoretic evaluation of the characteristics of social administration and its revelation to the current society of Nanjing, hoping this research serves as a reference to the current time.

本文是民国南京社会管理研究的一个部分，由七个章节组成：第一章介绍了社会管理的基本概念和1927年以前南京社会近代化的变迁过程，通过对南京社会特点和社会问题的描述，阐明了社会管理在城市发展中的重要作用；第二章介绍了民国社会管理思想的基本内容和在此指导下的南京市政府有关机构的设置，着重阐述了孙中山的社会管理思想和蒋介石的有关论述，反映了国民政府的社会管理的认识水平及其实行社会改造的主观意图；第三章专题讨论了民国南京地方自治，对具有近代民主意义的地方自治思想的由来及其社会管理意义进行了阐述，具体分析了南京推行地方自治的利弊得失；第四章将社会救济事业作为社会管理的一项重要内容进行了讨论，描述了南京社会救济事业的基本概况并对从传统向近代过渡社会救济事业的若干特点进行了总结；第五章针对南京城市人口的大量流动和急剧膨胀这一突出的社会问题，集中讨论了南京的人口与人口管理，通过对南京人口问题、管理手段以及人口状况的分析，展示了南京人口构成的基本面貌；第六章描述了南京空前活跃的市民组织和社会团体，着意反映这些社会组织在新的条件下的转型和变化，分析其在社会管理中所发挥的作用，企望由此揭示政府与社会组织在社会管理中的互动作用；第七章为结语，对南京社会管理的特点及其对现实的启示进行了理论评价，力求本研究更能具有现实借鉴意义。

Such is the nature of man, that for your first gift - he prostrates himself; for your second - kisses your hand; for the third - fawns; for the fourth - just s his head once; for the fifth - becomes too familiar; for the sixth - insults you; and for the seventh - sues you because he was not given enough.

这就是人的天性，你给他第一个礼物的时候，他鞠躬。给第二个的时候，亲吻你的手。第三个，讨好你。第四个，他只点一下头。第五个，熟视无睹。第六个，耻笑你。第七个的时候，他控告你给得不够。

The second chapter probes into the way and feature of spreading on Gesar" s music, and the development and the changes of the music spreading since the involving of modern intermedium, by introducing the psalmodies in different categories. The third chapter analyses the types of Gesar" s lyrics and the patterns they could change. The forth chapter illustrates the principles of Gesar" s creating and several majority tone patterns are showed here. In the fifth chapter, the tones of Gesar are classified based on three aspects, that is, the tone" s name, utilization and the localstyles. In the sixth chapter, the feature of Gesar s tones is analyzed from the aspect of the characteristics of melody, the rhythm and time, the tone patterns and the music structure and so on. The last chapter discusses the forms of music performance and the methods that the psalmodies take to sing.

本文第一章从史诗《格萨尔》说唱结合艺术形式的产生与发展开始，对它的这种艺术形式中的说与唱分别做了介绍；第二章通过对《格萨尔》音乐创作主体——艺人的分类介绍，探讨了史诗音乐的传播方式、传播特点以及在现代传播媒介的介入下它的传播方式的发展与变化；第三章是对唱词体裁的分析和它的变化类型；第四章论述了音乐唱腔的创作原则以及几种最主要的唱腔类型；第五章从曲调的名称、曲调的运用以及地域风格特点三方面对《格萨尔》唱腔进行了分类；第六章结合谱例从旋律特征、节奏节拍、调式以及音乐结构等方面分析了《格萨尔》音乐唱腔的特点；第七章是对《格萨尔》音乐表演形式及艺人演唱方法的探讨。

In the second court are incompetent doctors and dishonest agents; in the third, forgers, liars, gossips, and corrupt government officials; in the fifth, murderers, sex offenders and atheists; in the sixth, the sacrilegious and blasphemers; in the eighth, those guilty of filial disrespect; in the ninth, arsonists and accident victims.

第二殿是惩罚不及格的医生和不诚实的代理人；第三殿是伪造者、说谎者、闲谈者和贪污的政府官员；第五殿是谋杀者、性犯罪者和无神论者；第六殿是冒渎者和亵渎者；第八殿是不孝者；第九殿是纵火犯人和意外事故的受害者。

Also, the study says the United States fell from thirty-fourth to forty-ninth in female mortality and from forty-first to forty-fifth for men.

此外，研究报告说，美国从第三十四下降到第四，女性死亡率和第四十一至第四十五男子第九名。

The first ECM held in 1998 focused solely on exhibiting made-in-Malaysia Products. Realizing the changing economic trends, from the second ECM in 1999, the expo gradually assumed an international character by having invited visitors or buyers from neighbouring ASEAN countries solicited through overseas roadshows. In the third ECM in year 2000, the scope was further widened to cover Japan, Korea and China, besides ASEAN countries. Parallel with globalization and liberalization in trade, the fourth ECM in 2002, the fifth ECM in 2004, the sixth ECM in 2006 and the seventh ECM in 2008, these ECMs have expanded further with wider international participation.

由1998年的第一届纯国货展销会；1999年第二届开始到东盟各国进行巡回促销；2000年第三届更扩大涵盖东盟、中国、日本、韩国，通过海外巡回广邀各国商家组团前来参观采购；配合经贸自由化和全球化，2002年第四届开始增设国际馆，欢迎世界各国的商家参展及参观采购。2004年第五届、2006年第六届及2008年第七届进一步获得海外商家参与，向国际展迈进。

Chapter three analyzes one of his works—Good-bye Kinmen, whereas chapter four gives analysis on his other work Sunset red tile house.

本文章节安排分别为：第一章为绪论，叙述本文的研究动机、目的与方法；第二章为作者介绍，透过本章了解陈启淦在儿童文学创作上的想法与活动历程，并透过整理，了解陈启淦累计至目前的创作成就；第三章为《再见金门》作品分析、第四章为《日落红瓦厝》作品分析、第五章为短篇小说作品分析，各章分别就「题材选取与情节铺陈」、「主题探析」与「人物刻画」等各种面向，为作者的少年小说作品进行深入剖析，并透过第六章依据创作形式与内容两部份，分别整理、归纳陈启淦少年小说的创作特色，并提出笔者的个人评价；第七章则为本文结论，并提出笔者的意见，做为后进研究者的研究参考。

Breath, muscle contraction of the buttocks; arch body, as far as possible to hold his head, right leg straight towards the ceiling (peg-leg knee in order to avoid muscle tension).

呼气，收缩臀部肌肉；拱起身体，尽量抬起头来，右腿伸直朝向天花板（膝微屈，以避免肌肉紧张）。

The cost of moving grain food products was unchanged from May, but year over year are up 8%.

粮食产品的运输费用与5月份相比没有变化，但却比去年同期高8％。