符号的

In his opinion: freedom in modern society is a kind of inter-control relationship between human and objects, that is an illusion of freedom; personality is the outcome of the batch production of consumer system; it is a kind of self-shoot, a shadowy self-comfort and satisfaction; the aesthetic distance formed the lonely state of modern human, this makes favor and identity be important motivity of consumption; nature here has been changed to naturety, it is a consumable symbol opposes to real nature; art and artworks gradually turns into sign; as the container and carrier of spirit, body has been changed to a separate object, a kind of capital that needs to be managed and operated; the inimitably expansion of image in mass media make human immerse in the aspiration of itself, which makes human fowardly go into the matrix of consumption.Abundant objects and information are accumulated in supermarkets and mass media, which give people an image of rich. At the same time, commodity appears in series to rise people's desire. The difference between kinds of commodity has gradually been erased, replacing the utility as object.

他认为：当代的自由实际上是人与物的相互操控关系，是人的自由幻觉；个性是消费系统中批量生产的产物，是一种自恋性的投射，一种虚幻的自我安慰和满足；审美距离则造成了当代人的孤独，这使得关切和身份认同成为消费的重要动力；自然已经变成自然性，成为对立于真正自然的可消费的文化符号；文艺复兴以来的艺术和艺术品逐渐由模仿转为表现再转为符号。

Software Description: XICalc is an integer calculator program with the following features: multiple precision integers with millions of digits; uses Hartley Transform to speed-up long multiplies; separate input and outputnotation, base 2 to base 36; greatest common divisor function; Modulo arithmetic options; Bernoullinumbers, Euler Numbers; Boolean functions; random number generator; prime factor algorithm using theElliptic Curve Method; number theoretic functions phi, sigma and tau; prime testing and searching using the Adleman function; algebraic notation; if-then-else statement; go-to statement; can run XICalc code from files; hot help from F1 key; and it抯 written in Microsoft Visual C#.

XICalc 是一款带有如下功能的综合性计算器软件：带有百万数位的多精度整数；使用 Hartley Transform 加速长整型多样化计算；以2到36为基数分隔输入和输出符号；最大公约数函数；模数算法选项；Bernoulli 数字；Euler 数字；布尔函数；随机数字生成器；使用圆周曲线算法的主要因素运算法则；π，τ，Σ的数字理论函数；使用 Adleman 函数的最初测试和搜索功能；代数符号；if-then-else 语法结构声明；go-to 语法结构声明；来自于文件的XICalc 代码；F1键的热点帮助；并且该软件是采用适用于 Windows 操作系统的微软 Visual C#。

With respect to phonetics, Distinctive Features for the phonetic syncopation of spatial information are extracted based on Bertin's retinal variables. The importance of geographic reality, cognitive laws and geometric laws in the syncopation is pointed out following the thorough inspection of the physical characteristics of spatial information and a phonetic hierarchy of phoneme、 phoneme combination is proposed after the summarization of different methods of syncopation in Psychology, Pattern Recognition, Mathematic Morphology and Cartography, which provides linguistic interpretation for cartographic symbol design and understanding. With respect to the property that map symbol is represented as the combination of attribute and geometry in digital form of spatial information, suprasegmental phoneme as unit is proposed which deals with the high level phonetic units and their structure with the bend of curve and the simple area of complex area as primitive.

在语音结构方面，基于Bertin的视觉变量，提取了产生空间信息语音切分的区别特征；对空间信息的物理特征进行了详尽分析，指出了地理真实、认知规律和几何规律在语音切分中的重要作用；在总结心理学、模式识别、数学形态学和地图学等相关切分理论的基础上，提出了空间信息音位系统以及音位组合规律，为地图符号设计与理解提供了语言学解释；针对地图符号通常在空间信息中表现为属性和形态相结合的特点，提出在超音段音位层次上重点关注以线切分单元——弯曲和复杂面切分单元——弯曲构成的简单面为基本元素的语音高级层次及其结构。

Cy Twombly uses a combination of charcoal, colored pencils, chalk and oil paint in his works; sometimes he also incorporates wavy, flowing, scribbled text. But Ye Yongqing uses an "eyebrow pencil" to portray abstract lines and points to form a poetic visual language. His latest paintings further expand on this. He created seven abstract paintings of an identical composition, method, symbol and style entitled Broken - Heart. These paintings vary in either background color or color of the lines.

汤布里在绘画中并用炭笔、彩色铅笔、粉笔和油画颜料，还借用文字抽搐涂抹飞动书写，而叶永青的绘画则用"眉笔"一点一划描绘出抽象的线条，构成了诗意的视觉语言，尤其是他最近的绘画把这样的观念性做了进一步延伸，他完成了七幅同一构图、同一方法、同一符号、同一风格的抽象绘画《伤·心》，它们的不同表现为：要么每一幅画中的底色不同，要么每一幅画中符号描绘的颜色不同。

This thesis will expound this central subject under discussion by the following aspects: The first part of this thesis fully taps the characters of image that shows different schematic style from film and painting by using methods of comparative study and theoretical study and by using methods of contemporary visual culture, such as: iconology, theories of style, semiotics, morphology and so on.

围绕着这个中心议题，论文将以下几个方面进行论述和探讨：第一个部分是通过对动画影像进行比较性甄别，利用比较研究、理论研究以及图像学、风格学、符号学、形态学等当下视觉文化使用的诸多研究方法，充分挖掘影像所显示出来的与电影、绘画等图式风格完全不同的品格特性，并进行归纳与总结，揭示动画品格显现出来的影像风格之图式本性、叙事符码的符号学资质、幻动性的观影错觉以及戏谑性的叙事效果，深入、立体、全面地考察动画的品格形态。

This thesis will expound this central subject under discussion by the following aspects:The first part of this thesis fully taps the characters of image that showsdifferent schematic style from film and painting by using methods of comparative study and theoretical study and by using methods of contemporary visual culture, such as: iconology, theories of style, semiotics, morphology and so on.

围绕着这个中心议题，论文将以下几个方面进行论述和探讨：第一个部分是通过对动画影像进行比较性甄别，利用比较研究、理论研究以及图像学、风格学、符号学、形态学等当下视觉文化使用的诸多研究方法，充分挖掘影像所显示出来的与电影、绘画等图式风格完全不同的品格特性，并进行归纳与总结，揭示动画品格显现出来的影像风格之图式本性、叙事符码的符号学资质、幻动性的观影错觉以及戏谑性的叙事效果，深入、立体、全面地考察动画的品格形态。

Speech actcould create institutional fact by saying a sentence in appropriate context. The fourthchapter analyses the innovations and limitations about Searle\'s philosophy of society. Inconclusion, the author reflects the modernization road of Chinese society.

除导论外，全文共四章，第一章介绍塞尔的社会本体论思想，认为意向性和语言符号是社会实在蕴涵的两个内在要素；紧接着第二章和第三章分别论述作为社会客观性之保证的集体意向性和作为社会实在之根本构成部分的语言符号；第四章对塞尔的社会哲学进行评价，分析它的积极意义和局限性，并对制度事实提出了一种新的概念；最后在结束语中简单思考它对中国社会现代性的启示。

Ceramics and soldering iron. With white and blue porcelain and powder colors, Wu created the nonobjective half-length statue, bright and vivid in color. Through repeated application of symbols in Chinese traditional ceramics, the ornaments on the household wares were finally turned into a cultural symbol of extremely simplified human figures. That is how Wu handled the transformation from traditional to modern.

青花和粉彩的近乎抽象的陶瓷半身人像，被赋予鲜艳的色彩，传统陶瓷提炼的符号不断重复，从附着于器物用品的装饰转而成为极简的现代人形的文化符号特征，完成了现代与传统的对话，是颠覆也是重生。

In his "golden fairy tale" series works, Yideer made placement of his golden configuration in special scenes. The golden configuration was a kind of anamnesis that come from his last century's growing experience. The jocose and absurd -expression made a new annotation of the old memory, and made it extend to today.

伊德尔的《童话》系列作品是将经过自我化妆的形象摆拍置换到自然的或有着中国文革时代特征的场景中，其形象的符号是他上个世纪六七十年代的"金色童话"的成长经验和记忆符号，嬉戏而荒诞的语言方式是过去的历史记忆烙印重构并延伸到了现在

The task of translation is as follows: First, an understanding of the cultural and experimental worlds that lie behind the original act of speaking or of writing, ways into their schemata. Second, an understanding of the potential of the two semiotic systems in terms of their image-making. Third, a making intelligible of the linguistic choices expressed in the message. Fourthly, an opportunity to explore the social psychological intentions of the originator of the message matched against one's own. Lastly, a challenge to match all of these with our appropriate response in our semiotic and linguistic system, and our culture. Traditional translation theory also presented means of differentiating and categorizing translation types, including metaphrase, imitation and paraphrase.

翻译的任务是：首先，要理解隐藏在原文中的现实世界及其文化内涵；其次，要理解两种不同语言中的不同符号学体系下的潜在意象；第三，要从语篇的信息中了解其所反映的语言学方面的选择；第四，要探究原文作者与译者自身在社会心理方面的不同倾向；第五，翻译也是一种挑战，译者要在自身符号学与语言学体系中以及文化环境中将以上各方面要求协调起来。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。