笛卡儿哲学

Similarly it is important to see rationalists like Descartes and Spinoza, trying to formulate philosophy in terms of some kind of an axiomatic system, in a discursive and historical context characterized by the emerging natural sciences, formulated in a mathematical language.

同样，在看待象笛卡儿和斯宾诺莎这样设法用某种公理体系构造哲学的唯理论者时，也要将其置于以数学语言构造的新兴自然科学为特征的商谈和历史情境中。

By going through the diagnoses and responses of McDowell, two central problems in modern and contemporary philosophy – the narrow conception of nature and the Cartesian inner space model – are identified and repelled.

透过细究麦克道尔的诊断与回应，现代与当代哲学中的两个中心错误–狭窄的自然观以及「笛卡儿式的内在空间」–将被指出并且拒斥。

A visit to Paris in 1672 introduced him to the 'new philosophy' of Cartesianism and to the mathematical and mechanistic physics of Christiaan Huygens.

阿在1672年访问巴黎介绍他的'新哲学的笛卡儿'和对惠更斯数学和物理机械。

The problem of dualism, however, was lifted into quite a new position in modern philosophy by Descartes.

问题的二元对立，但是，解除到了不少新的职位，在现代哲学由笛卡儿。

It is the foundation of all the Oriental philosophies, and of those of Descartes, Spinoza, Leibnitz, Schopenhauer, Hegel, and Emerson.

这是所有东方哲学的基础，也是笛卡儿、斯宾诺莎、莱布尼兹、叔本华，黑格尔和爱默生的哲学的基础。

Whatever doctrine we may be considering, whether it be a doctrine like that of Descartes, or of Leibnitz himself, we always imply that the will follows, more or less, from the understanding or at least accompanies it, so that when God creates he knows precisely what he is creating.

我们考虑哲学问题时，不管是笛卡儿那样的学说，或者莱不尼茨的学说，多少总含有这样的意思，就是意志跟在理性后面，至多是随理性一同出现，所以当上帝创造时，他完全明白自己在创造什么。

However, he is fully aware that what he opposes and criticizes is, in philosophy, some ideological trend or a certain philosophy, namely, the tradition in the style of Descartes, which is featured for his position on the concepts of innate nature and sense first, his body-mind dualism and his philosophical methods of mathematization and sense-independences.

但他清醒地意识到，其反对和批判的是哲学中的某个思潮、某种哲学，即笛卡儿式传统。突破笛卡儿式传统是维特根斯坦哲学工作的内在动力。

Descartes is the most prominent figure in the modern philosophy. Such an academic position is in some sense due to his reinterpretation.

笛卡儿是近代哲学的第一人，这一地位的获得源于他对主体性原则的重新阐释和确立。

Dualism asserts the separate existence of mind and body, and can be traced back to Plato[2] and Aristotle[3][4][5] in the West and the sankhya school of Hindu philosophy in the East[6] and was most precisely formulated in modern terms by René Descartes in the 17th century.

二元论主张心灵和身体的分立存在，在西方可以追溯到柏拉图和亚里斯多德，在东方可以追溯到印度哲学的数论派，在17世纪由笛卡儿（René Descartes）用现代的语言最为精确地表述了出来。

In seeking a firm philosophical basis on which to rest his scientific theories, Descartes succeeded in developing the first coherent sketch of a recognizably modern philosophical outlook.

在寻求坚实的哲学基础上了他的科学理论，笛卡儿成功开发了第一个连贯的示意图公认现代哲学观。

In the negative and interrogative forms, of course, this is identical to the non-emphatic forms.

。但是，在否定句或疑问句里，这种带有"do"的方法表达的效果却没有什么强调的意思。

Go down on one's knees;kneel down

屈膝跪下。。。下跪祈祷