笔划

With our new method, the quality of Chinese output is greatly improved and the storage requirement is reduced. The Chinese outline font so obtained may be applied in generation of font variant, font transformation,and the construction of dynamic font.

本文提出了一种基于笔划抽取的方法来获得汉字字形的样条轮廓描述，使得汉字字形的描述质量大为提高，且数据量较少，基于笔划抽取的样条汉字库可应用于汉字字形的衍生、自动变体和动态汉字库的生成。

Chapter 6 introduced the uniformization of the single character HCTG. In chapter 7, we firstly introduced several features used to make up the vector of statistical feature for Chinese character.

汉字单字识别部分研究了识别预处理、基于统计特征的单字识别、笔划提取以及基于笔划结构的识别方法。

Strokes of a Chinese character is a fundamental Chinese character structure unit , the common 8 kinds fundamental strokes of a Chinese character , in the light of certain pen fall in with a Chinese character importing a Chinese character.

笔划是汉字的基本构造单位，汉字共有8种基本笔划，按照一定的笔顺输入汉字。

Descender: The part of an English character which falls below the base line, as in j ,g, p ,q,and y.

下降笔划：英文字母的笔划，在基线以下的部份。如J，G，P，Q和Y。

Carving To resolve this issue, Hell and Daetwyler-Ohio the company's technical staff with some methods, such as Daetwyler-Ohio the company's TransCell technology in sculpture at the time of produce…… geavier xuetie microamounts change the net amount of white space to make it smaller, local space between the machinery space, carving resolution; Hell from the knife is microdose mobile, similar to "anti-moism technology" a way for small network points added in geavier of histologicai gap, pactbe from the Visual effects.

为了处置这个题目，Hell和Daetwyler-Ohio公司的技艺职员拔取功一些办法，例如Daetwyler-Ohio公司的TransCell技艺在雕镂笔墨的笔划时微度保持网穴的间距，使其间距变小，部分不天增增雕镂不分辨率；Hell公司不兴雕镂刀的微度安放边，还拔取近似&不侧澄清技艺&的办法，用小网穴赔偿在笔划的锯齿空不天处，从触觉成果上赐与填充。

The former means that the input stroke is emendated into primitive shapes such as lines, arcs, circles and ellipses, etc., based on pen speed and stroke curvature. The later indicates that a users' sketching model are constructed and adjusted dynamically based on temporal order of primitive shapes.

前者采用用户运笔速度及笔划曲率将笔划分割成基本图形；后者则基于基本图形的绘制次序在线构造用户模型，并动态识别输入草图。

As feature extraction acts an important role in pattern recognition system, we propose three novel feature extraction methods for HCCR: a、Two structural feature extraction methods, Stroke Cross Counting Features and Peripheral Features are studied. According to the characteristics of Chinese handwriting samples, we extend the SCCF and PF respectively to weighted elastic SCCF and weighted elastic PF. Experiments show that the modified feature extraction approaches are better than original approaches. b、A new statistical feature extraction method——Elastic Meshing Directional Decomposition Feature extraction is proposed. According to the stroke statistical properties of Chinese character, we first decompose a handwritten character pattern into four directional subpatterns. Then a set of elastic meshes are applied to each of the four subpatterns respectively to extract the pixel distribution features.

统计识别方法：利用统计模式识别的经典方法——Bayes分类方法来进行汉字识别的研究，特征提取是统计模式识别的关键，本文着重围绕手写体汉字的特征分析和提取方法进行了研究，提出了三种特征提取的新方法： a、两种改进的结构特征提取方法：在笔划密度特征和外围特征的基础上，结合手写体汉字的特点，提出了加权非均匀笔划密度特征、加权非均匀外围特征的特征提取新方案； b、一种新的统计特征提取方法——弹性网格方向分解特征，根据汉字方块字的特点及笔划分布的统计特征，对手写体汉字进行横竖撇捺四方向的分解，并利用一系列的弹性网格对汉字分解后各分量的象素进行统计而提取特征，实验证明该特征提取方法用来进行手写体汉字识别是十分可行和有效的。

At one time some cock-chafers flew in; but no one paid any attention to them, not even the little fellows who were struggling with their straight lines, with a will and conscientious application, as if even the lines were French. On the roof of the school house, pigeons cooed in low tones, and I said to myself as I listened to them:"I wonder if they are going to compel them to sing in German too!"

有一回，几只金龟子跑进了教室，但是谁也不去注意它们，连年龄最小的也不例外，他们正专心致志地练直杠笔划，仿佛这些笔划也是法语……学校的屋顶上，鸽子低声地咕咕地叫着，我一边听，一边寻思：&他们该不会强迫这些鸽子用德语唱歌吧？&

At one time some cock-chafers flew in; but no one paid any attention to them, not even the little fellows who were struggling with their straight lines, with a will and conscientious application, as if even the lines were French. On the roof of the schoolhouse, pigeons cooed in low tones, and I said to myself as I listened to them

有一回，几只金龟子跑进了教室，但是谁也不去注意它们，连年龄最小的也不例外，他们正专心致志地练直杠笔划，仿佛这些笔划也是法语……学校的屋顶上，鸽子低声地咕咕地叫着，我一边听，一边寻思：&他们该不会强迫这些鸽子用德语唱歌吧？&

With their straight lines, with a will and conscientious application, as if even the lines were French. On the roof of the schoolhouse, pigeonscooed in low tones, and I said to myself as I listened to them

志地练直杠笔划，仿佛这些笔划也是法语……学校的屋顶上，鸽子低声地咕咕地叫着，我一边听，一边寻思：他们该不会强迫这些鸽子用德

The absorption and distribution of chromium were studied in ryeusing nutrient culture technique and pot experiment.

采用不同浓度K2CrO4(0，0.4，0.8和1.2 mmol/L)的Hoagland营养液处理黑麦幼苗，测定铬在黑麦体内的亚细胞分布、铬化学形态及不同部位的积累。

By analyzing theory foundation of mathematical morphology in the digital image processing, researching morphology arithmetic of the binary Image, discussing two basic forms for the least structure element: dilation and erosion.

通过分析数学形态学在图像中的理论基础，研究二值图像的形态分析算法，探讨最小结构元素的两种基本形态：膨胀和腐蚀；分析了数学形态学复杂算法的基本原理，把数学形态学的部分并行处理理念引入到家实际应用中。