竞争

This paper is base on the research harvest about compete stratagem, Some eigenvector which reflect compete stratagem are advanced, there are price, affixation value and difference.

本文是基于目前对公司竞争战略研究的成果，提出了价格，附加值和差异化是反映竞争战略的基本特征量，并针对竞争战略的特点阐述了竞争战略的评价原则、评价过程、评价方法以及竞争战略的选择方法，构造出竞争战略选择函数。

This article has discussed the new economical time general characteristic, proposed two core concepts which the expense value and the paragenesis evolution enterprise.

本文探讨了新经济时代竞争环境的一般表现，对新经济时代的竞争进行了成本竞争、市场竞争、创新竞争的分类，并进一步阐述了创新竞争四个阶段的特征；形成了成本竞争、市场竞争、创新竞争不断交替往复、周期循环的观点。

For ease of analyzing therelation of competition and social risks,the treatise proposes the two pairs of newconcepts;self-incurred loss and nonself-incurred loss in competition and compensableloss and non-compensable loss in competition.It maintains that the self-incurred lossand compensable loss in competition will generally lead to no social risks and,onlywhen the loss is nonself-incurred or non-compensable in nature,it will lead to socialrisks.

为了便于分析竞争与社会风险的关系，本文提出了"竞争的自致性损失与竞争的非自致性损失"、"竞争的有补偿损失与竞争的无补偿损失"这两对新概念，认为竞争自致性损失、有补偿损失一般不会产生社会风险，只有当竞争损失是非自致性损失或无补偿损失时，才会产生社会风险。

Its competitors竞争对手 at Pepsi just announced that they will stop sales of sugared drinks to schools worldwide.

竞争对手百事可乐刚刚宣布将在世界范围内停止含糖饮料的校园销售。

The results of the present research are as follows, The correlation between physico-chemical properties of organic compounds and their competitive power was studied, and it was indicated that organic compounds preferable to form H-bonding with organic matter of sorbents have stronger competitive power; Sorption behaviors of ionizable organic compounds in different species and their competitive power were examined, and the results showed that phenols and carbonxylic acids with benzyl circle have much stronger competitive power in molecular species than in ionized species, because negative charges of anionic forms can depressed their adsorption on the surface of the sediment; in contrast, organic bases such as aniline and p-chloroaniline show weaker competitive power in molecular species than in ionized species, and this is because both species of the organic bases could adsorb strongly onto the sediment; there is a correlation between competitive power of organic pollutants in multi-solute systems and their sorption isotherm nonlinearity in single-solute systems, and organic compounds whose sorption isotherms is linear in single-solute systems hardly have competitive power in multi-solute systems; Competitive sorption effects in more than two-solutes systems was studied, and it was exhibited that mixture of two cosolutes each of which could suppress sorption of nominal solute onto the sediment had synergistically competitive sorption effect on the nominal solute; A method about incorporating sorption/desorption of organic pollutants into river water quality model was developed, and discussion about degree of sorption/desorption effect on model prediction for different organic compounds was made, which will provide theoretical basis and practical processes for setting up more accurate water quality model.

论文主要取得了以下研究成果。(1)有机化合物的吸附竞争能力与其物化性质具有相关性，易与沉积物有机质形成氢键的化合物其竞争能力也比较强；(2)可离子化有机化合物的吸附竞争能力与其存在形态有关。酚类、含苯环的羧酸类化合物，其离子态的吸附竞争能力远小于分子态，其机理为有机酸阴离子所带的负电荷抑制了表面吸附能力，主要发生分配作用；而苯胺类化合物，其离子态和分子态都表现出显著的竞争能力，而且离子态的竞争能力略强于分子态，原因在于有机碱阳离子所带的正电荷促进了其表面吸附能力；有机化合物竞争能力的强弱与其单组分吸附等温线的非线性程度具有一定的相关性，吸附等温线近似为线性的化合物没有或只具有微弱的竞争能力；(3)对目标有机化合物的吸附具有竞争效应的有机化合物混合后，将对目标有机化合物的吸附产生协同竞争效应；(4)以京杭运河为例，率先提出了将有机污染物的吸附／脱附作用及水文水力参数耦合到水质模型中的方法，并讨论了吸附／脱附作用对不同有机污染物预测模型的影响，为建立更准确的水质模型及进行更客观的风险和生态评估提供了参考依据。

During the competition on the market, only the one who can make unexpectable moves can have the advantage of other rivals and become the focus of customer attention.

科学地利用信息资源，对竞争环境、竞争对手、企业资源进行科学的分析，科学的判断未来产品发展目标，提高企业驾驭市场竞争和应对竞争环境的能力，目前已经成为各个汽车企业增强企业竞争实力和竞争优势，在未来激烈的市场竞争中求得生存和发展的重要战略手段。

The result pointed out that the vertical distribution of foliage for each species was different,however,generally speaking,the foliage in upper crown (0.3CL) for broad-leaved species in natural secondary forest took a small percentage,about 10%;in middle or middle lower of the crown(0.4CL to 0.8CL) the branches here took the majority percentage of whole foliage,almost 60%to 75%;but in lower crown(0.8CL),there was about 10%of whole foliage.(5)The interspecies competition of trees in secondary forest was expressed by Hegyi competitioin index,and the active competitor was calculated by the competition zone radius and the tree position,DBH,and distance in the zone,it was not all competitors in tranditional calculation.The study introduced crown area overlap index to describe the crown competition between subject tree and its competitors,furthermore,the crown area was classified into 5 levels with a method of equal crown projection area,therefor,the resulting crown area overlap index showed more realities of existing stand conditons.(6)Based on the theoretics of multiply divide,the spatial strcture optimizing model of secondary forest stand selective thinning was developed by diversity mingling,aggregation index,competition index and crown area overlap index,also designed 10 constraint conditions which were related to forestry meanings,the objective function was solved by the implicit enumeration method with LINGO 9.0,using 0-1 integer programming.

并且得出，每个树种在树冠内相对高度上的叶量的垂直分布是不同的，天然次生林阔叶树种的叶量在树冠的上部(0.3CL以下)所占比例很小，约占10%左右；在树冠的中部以及中下部(0.4CL～0.8CL)，叶量所占比例最大，几乎集中了整个树冠60%～75%的叶量；而在树冠的下部(0.8CL以下)，几乎占很少的叶量，大约10%左右。5、采用Hegyi竞争指数来表现次生林内林木的竞争关系，并且根据竞争圈的大小和林木在竞争圈内的分布位置、大小与距离来计算有效的竞争木，并不是传统意义上的全部竞争木；本研究提出用树冠叠加指数来表示林木与周围树木的树冠竞争情况，并采用等树冠投影面积法把树冠分为5级，这样计算的树冠叠加指数更加与现实林分相符。6、本研究基于乘除法的思想，用多样性混交度、聚集指数、竞争指数和树冠叠加指数构建了天然次生林择伐空间优化模型，设计了10个与林学意义相一致的约束条件，并采用0-1整数规划的思路，在LINGO9.0软件中使用了隐枚举法对目标函数求得最优解。7、以M702标准地为应用实例，具体计算出了每株采伐木，经过择伐后，目标函数值按模型设计的要求发生了极大的改变，增加了5倍多，说明了最后这个解的优良性，满足了设计的要求。

In this respect, the study of how to make a competitive strategy development has become the main focus of industrialists and researchers.

全文分为四章，第一章简述竞争及竞争战略理论，引出动态竞争战略的概念；第二章和第三章分别研究了两个与动态竞争战略密切相关的概念：动态竞争能力和动态竞争优势；第四章是本文的重点，详细分析了动态竞争战略中战略定位、环境分析、互动预测、战略设计和战略选择实施诸方面的内容，并给出了可行的分析方法。

Unfortunately at present the competition circumstances in China are not well-ordered, and activities of jugulating competition, limiting competition and unfair competition occur from time to time. The paper aims to make people fully understand these abnormal competition activities, and suggest effective methods of it, on the purpose of promoting the sufficient development of competition in the market economy and forming satisfactory competition order.

但在当前我国却存在扼杀竞争、限制竞争、不正当竞争等无序竞争的状况，如何对认识这些无序竞争并采取有效途径，促使我国市场经济中的竞争充分发展和良性竞争秩序出现与形成，就成了本文最初和最终的目的。

Status: Competition 现状:竞争 In 2005 the University of Guadalajara and the Municipality of Zapopan Jalisco, through the University of Guadalajara's Cultural Center Trust announced the International ideas and Conceptual Architectural Project for a Library Competition, a public library for 3,600 users and 2′000,000 volumes.

2005年，瓜达拉哈拉大学和市萨波潘哈利斯科，通过瓜达拉哈拉大学的文化中心信托宣布的国际建筑设计思想和概念图书馆项目的竞争，公共图书馆为3600用户和2'000 ， 000卷。

The absorption and distribution of chromium were studied in ryeusing nutrient culture technique and pot experiment.

采用不同浓度K2CrO4(0，0.4，0.8和1.2 mmol/L)的Hoagland营养液处理黑麦幼苗，测定铬在黑麦体内的亚细胞分布、铬化学形态及不同部位的积累。

By analyzing theory foundation of mathematical morphology in the digital image processing, researching morphology arithmetic of the binary Image, discussing two basic forms for the least structure element: dilation and erosion.

通过分析数学形态学在图像中的理论基础，研究二值图像的形态分析算法，探讨最小结构元素的两种基本形态：膨胀和腐蚀；分析了数学形态学复杂算法的基本原理，把数学形态学的部分并行处理理念引入到家实际应用中。