竖式的

Recently, barrettes have been used widely all over the world. A lot of researches carried out on their vertically-loaded behaviour, especially in influence of their non-axisymmetrical cross-section on it. But all these methods are implicit methods, which needs a lot of computing time. So in order to improve the understanding the vertically-loaded or lateral-loaded behaviour of barrette behaviour further, preliminary researches on barrettes are carried out in this paper.

近年来，随着壁板桩的广泛应用，相关研究也在逐步展开，有关其竖直承载特性方面的研究也在逐渐展开，尤其在壁板桩横截面非轴对称性对承载特性的影响方面也取得了很大的进展，但是这些方法多为三维隐式分析方法，需要耗费大量计算时间和内存。

In this paper,hydraulics principle and empirical formula are used in hydraulic calculation of flow in different forms of side ditches and water drainage capability of open water outlet in continuous gradient and concave vertical curve bottom.

利用水力学原理和经验公式，对不同形式的边沟流量和开口式排水口在连续坡度上及凹形竖曲线底部的排水能力进行了水力计算，并采用修正法计算了不同形式的边沟水流量。

This method is variational method, which will be much faster and more efficiency than other method.Firstly we use gauss integral method to disperse the least potential energy of barrette pile group, with the help of vertical settlement finite series and Mindlins equation, we derived vertical load-settlement solution of barrette pile group.

另外，目前有关壁板桩群桩水平承载特性的研究也比较少，因此，为了加深对壁板桩群桩承载特性的理解，本文利用变分法对壁板桩群桩竖直或水平受荷情况下的承载特性进行了初步的研究，通过变分法直接得出荷载位移显式方程，较之以往方法更加快捷。

And it is verified that the simulation methods in this paper are rational and the model is feasible.(2)Using the unconditionally stable implicit Newmark time intergration algorithm, the effects of some key factors such as buried depth, condition of soil layers and the earthquake excitative orientation are studied.The results show that dynamic response of structure is considerably affected by the thickness of overburden layer, and horizontal slice is more dangerous than upright slice.

2采用无条件稳定的Newmark隐式积分法进行地震响应分析，讨论各种因素对地下结构动力响应的影响，如：结构埋深、土层分布条件和地震激励方向等，并通过对结构的应力、位移、加速度等结果的分析，发现上覆土层厚度对结构动力响应比较大，水平分层比竖向分层更容易使地下结构遭受破坏。

Based on the fundamental theory of the cable-prestressed steel truss established in paper [1], the inversive iterative perturbation equations which can be used to determine the stiffeness of elements of the prestressed steel truss with elastic supports are put forward by using the principle of matrix perturbation and introducing the concepts of the combined elements and stiffeness factors.

本文基于文献[1]所建立的拉索式预应力钢桁架基本理论，通过引入组合单元和刚度变化因子，利用矩阵摄动原理建立了以结点竖向位移为约束，以确定弹性支承多次张拉预应力钢桁架各类单元刚度为目标的反演摄动迭代方程。

On the basis of the analysis of the structure of Han tomb in Shizishan, this art icle thinks that the tomb was in the transition from vertical tomb to horizontal cave tomb. It also considers that the owner of the tomb is LIU Ying, the second king of Chu state in Han dynasty.

本文通过对狮子山汉墓墓葬结构的分析，认为该墓尚处于竖穴墓向横穴式崖洞墓的过渡阶段，早期特点明显；墓葬仍采用了西汉时期的前堂后室葬制，墓主为第二代楚王刘郢。

A dipping-type hollow fiber membrane module (2) comprising a large number of hollow fiber membranes which have been bundled, is disposed within the dipping tank (1) so that the longitudinal direction of the hollow fiber membrane is a vertical direction.

在浸没容器(1)中布置有包括捆束起来的多个中空纤维膜的浸没式中空纤维膜组件(2)，使得中空纤维膜的纵向为竖直方向。

1 Laid on the observation points, the next gate in the first paragraph and the chamber are in side-dock-type pier and construction of a wide bottom seam laid 8 to each end of the settlement within 24 observation points nails; chamber 14 Fu wall segments are in lock wall at both ends of the floor laid four nails into account the settlement of 56 observation points; settlement nail making use of 40cmФ18 rebar welded copper top round hat hemisphere processed, buried, when coupled with oblique bars welded to the end of plate surface layer and vertical reinforcement, the top highlight the concrete surface, about 1.5 ~ 2.0cm in order to guarantee points are solid.

3.2.1观测点的布设上、下闸首及闸室坞式段均在边墩底板及施工宽缝的两端各布设8个沉降钉计24个观测点；闸室14节扶壁段均在闸墙底板两端各布设4个沉降钉计56个观测点；沉降钉的制作采用40cmФ18螺纹钢顶端焊接镀铜半球圆帽加工而成，埋设时配以斜筋焊接在底板面层及竖向钢筋上，顶端突出砼表面1.5～2.0cm左右，以保证点位稳固。

As the radiation heating surface,the membrane wall is installed in the down pass of the CDQ waste-heat boiler .

分析了作为辐射蒸发受热面的膜式水冷壁布置于干熄焦余热锅炉的竖直烟道内，在低热负荷下水循环安全问题。

Based on the enhanced heat and mass transfer mechanism of the falling film evaporation and the falling film condensation on horizontal tube and vertical tube,a new solar desalination system with four effect regenerations was designed.

基于横管与竖管降膜蒸发与降膜凝结的强化传热传质机理，设计建造了一台具有四效回热性能的小型低温多效式太阳能海水淡化系统，用电加热水箱模拟太阳集热系统，对该系统进行了模拟实验。

The absorption and distribution of chromium were studied in ryeusing nutrient culture technique and pot experiment.

采用不同浓度K2CrO4(0，0.4，0.8和1.2 mmol/L)的Hoagland营养液处理黑麦幼苗，测定铬在黑麦体内的亚细胞分布、铬化学形态及不同部位的积累。

By analyzing theory foundation of mathematical morphology in the digital image processing, researching morphology arithmetic of the binary Image, discussing two basic forms for the least structure element: dilation and erosion.

通过分析数学形态学在图像中的理论基础，研究二值图像的形态分析算法，探讨最小结构元素的两种基本形态：膨胀和腐蚀；分析了数学形态学复杂算法的基本原理，把数学形态学的部分并行处理理念引入到家实际应用中。