竖向

Simulation results show that vertical dynamic contact force is some two times of static wheel load F0, which agrees well with the present spot test result.

通过分析发现，车轮和轨道之间的竖向动态接触力大约是静轮载的2倍，与已有的现场试验结果基本吻合。

The structural model of a beam with bending-resistant spring hinge is established for the natural vibration analysis of prefabricated highway steel bridge s.

引入抗弯弹簧铰模拟结构接头传递弹性弯矩的特性，建立了用于装配式公路钢桥竖向自由振动分析的带抗弯弹簧铰梁模型；利用有限元程序ANSYS对接头进行数值仿真，得到了抗弯弹簧铰刚度。

In this paper, the vertical and horizontal seismic response of multi-story brick building is studied by means of statical tests and shanking table tests, determinate and probabilistic analysis.

本文从静力和动力试验，确定性分析以及概率性分析这三个方面对多层砖房竖向和水平地震反应进行了研究。主要内容在第二、三、四这三章。

The stochastic differential equation for structures with parametric and external excitations is established by using a concise derivation methods.

本文对单自由度结构在水平与竖向地震同时作用下的随机地震响应问题进行了系统研究。

After studying the curve of the vibration frequencies, which are varying with the changing of the structural parameters such as the rigidity of pier, the rigidity of straining beam, the rigidity of truss, the high of pier, the width of deck, and so on, some rules about the changing of vibration frequencies and the influencing of the structure that vary with the parameters were achieved.

研究了桥墩刚度、横系梁刚度、桁架片刚度、桥墩高度、桥面宽度等参数对结构动力特性的影响，通过对结构的自振振型及频率进行相应分析，得出结构参数变化对结构的横向刚度、竖向刚度、纵向刚度和扭转刚度及其他动力特性的影响程度及规律。

A Material nonlinear finite element analysis for the cast-in-place reinforced concrete hollow slab that occurs from initial loading, cracking, yielding to failing is carried on. The cracking load, ultimate load, the displacement rules and the principal stress distribution rules of the hollow slab under the vertical loads are obtained. A Material nonlinear finite element analysis for the single span hollow flat-plate floor is also carried on. The function of the concealed wide-flat beams is definite by analyzing the principal stress distribution diagram. The calculating results verify the theoretical analysis and give some important conclusions which are great useful to improve the constructing of the new flat-plate floor.

其次对空心板进行了从加荷、开裂、屈服直至破坏的全过程材料非线性有限元计算，得到了空心板在竖向荷载作用下的开裂荷载、极限荷载及位移和应力分布规律；还对单跨无梁楼盖进行了材料非线性有限元计算，通过分析主应力场明确了柱上暗扁梁的作用；有限元计算的结果验证了以上的理论分析并得到了一些重要的结论，对改进现浇空心板无梁楼盖的构造措施有重要的参考价值。

At first in the preliminary design this paper computes the linear damping coefficient of the viscous damper employed in this project using Composite Response Spectra approach, meantime, this paper proves that reducing the exponent of velocity of the piston can increase the magnitude of the dissipative energy, because of the viscous damper employed in the practical project character nonlinear behavior; next this chapter performs analysis and comparison between the building without and with the viscous dampers aforementioned when the building suffers from various Time Domain Response, from the angle of displacement, interstroy drift, velocity, interstory velocity, acceleration, energy, maximum axial force of the dampers and of the column etc., in order to prove that the incorporating the viscous dampers into the buildings has great superiority on enhancing its aseismic performance ; furthermore, this chapter also expatiates on diverse assembly form of the viscous dampers that results in the adverse impact on the internal force of the structural member in this building, on the ground of which this segment bring about the preference of the assembly form of the viscous damper; finally this chapter points out the sphere of application of the analysis and computation using Composite Response Spectra approach in design: it is available in well-proportioned stiffness structures and isn抰 available in the structures that contain weak story. It is recommendable, particularly, to incorporate the fluid viscous dampers into this structure that contain weak story to refrain earthquake and reinforce, such as the Central Hall of Shanghai Exhibition Hall.

首先使用了反应谱分析法设计出欲附设的粘滞阻尼器的线性阻尼系数，由于实际工程所用的粘滞阻尼器具有非线性的特性，故而笔者又证明了降低速度指数对提高粘滞阻尼器的耗能量的优势所在；接着分别从位移、层间位移、速度、层间速度、加速度、能量、最大阻尼出力和柱轴力等不同的角度对结构在附设粘滞阻尼器前后的时程反应进行了分析对比，籍此在实际工程中证明了附设粘滞阻尼器对于提高结构的抗震性能的优越性；再者，笔者还阐述了采用不同的粘滞阻尼器布置方式对结构中构件内力特别是柱轴力和基座竖向反力产生的不利影响，并在此基础上提出了布置方式的优选；最后，指出了反应谱法在设计中的适用范围：对于均匀结构反应谱法能够使用，而对于含有薄弱层的结构反应谱法并不适用；对于类似于上海展览馆中央大厅的含薄弱层的结构尤其值得使用粘滞阻尼器的方法进行抗震加固。

Firstly, the paper carried out test study base on the pseudo-static test under horizontal loads on four two-spanned model members of FSMRCSS, including three 1/2-scaled two-storeyed models and one 1/3-scaled three-storeyed model. By the test study, the paper analyzed the test results, including analysis on mechanical property of the constructure under vertical loads, and failure mode, deformation capacity, aseismic performance under horizontal loads and constant vertical loads. The paper also compared LFSWSUMS with FSMRCSS on aseismatic property.

本文首先对三个两跨两层和一个两跨三层的底部大空间框支密肋复合墙结构的1／2和1／3比例模型进行伪静力试验研究，通过对底部大空间框支密肋复合墙结构在竖向荷载及与水平低周反复荷载共同作用下的受力性能的试验研究，探讨了结构的变形性能、滞回耗能和破坏形态，并与框支砌体结构进行对比分析。

The ratio of the vertical load distributed between the arch rib and the tie beam of the two schemes is the same. For the integral girder deck scheme, the longitudinal beams and the deck slab of endure more axial force compared to the ballast girder deck scheme, especially to the deck slab with a conspicuous increase of the axial force and higher stress, and the tie beam endure less. The force-bearing characteristics of the cross beams under the integral girder deck scheme is obviously better than that of the ballast girder deck scheme, especially at the two ends of each cross beam.

在受力上，与道碴板桥面方案相比，整体桥面方案竖向荷载在拱肋和系梁之间的分配基本相同，混凝土板和纵梁分担的纵向力则相对更大，尤其是混凝土板，增幅较明显，应力水平整体较高，系梁分担的纵向力则得到减小，横梁的受力状况整体桥面方案明显优于道碴板桥面方案，特别是在梁端处。

In slabs,under the combined action of vertical load and lateral load,slab-column connections will transter punching shear and unbalanced moment.

钢筋混凝土板柱结构体系，在风荷载或地震作用等水平荷载及竖向荷载共同作用下，板柱节点除了要传递垂直剪力外，还必须传递较大的不平衡弯矩。

However, as the name（read－only memory）implies, CD disks cannot be written onorchanged in any way.

然而，正如其名字所指出的那样，CD盘不能写，也不能用任何方式改变其内容。

Galvanizes steel pallet is mainly export which suits standard packing of European Union, the North America. galvanizes steel pallet is suitable to heavy rack. Pallet surface can design plate type, corrugated and the gap form, satisfies the different requirements.

镀锌钢托盘多用于出口，替代木托盘，免薰蒸，符合欧盟、北美各国对出口货物包装材料的法令要求；喷涂钢托盘适用于重载上货架之用，托盘表面根据需要制作成平板状、波纹状及间隔形式，满足不同的使用要求。