竖向

The paper includes:The author calculate the structures inner force and displacement of the free end , analyze the influence of the height and the value of pretress of cable by making use of ANSYS 9.0 soft, pose the concept of critical prestress,conclude the function relation between displacement of the free end, initial strain and the height of cable ,analyze the dynamic properity and point out that Newmark-β method should be adopted when we analyze the dynamic properity of the cable-stayed spatial structure with direct integral test to guarantee the contribution of high mode,finally conclude the functional relation among coefficient of earthquake inner force, initial strain and the height of cable, wish to get some helpful conclusion applied to cable-stayed spatial truss design.

本文系统介绍了斜拉空间桁架竖向地震反应的分析理论与方法、详细分析了斜拉空间桁架结构在静力和竖向地震作用下的受力性能，主要内容包括：利用通用有限元软件ANSYS9.0计算了斜拉空间桁架在静力和竖向地震作用下内力及自由端位移分布规律并得出地震内力系数与节间位置、预应力以及斜拉索高度之间的函数关系；详细分析了斜拉索中施加的预应力以及斜拉索高度的变化对于该种结构内力及自由端位移的影响并提出了斜拉空间桁架的临界预应变概念，进而得到了自由端位移与初始预应变以及斜拉索高度的函数关系，即：△=-(40h+2180)ε+9.8；分析了该种结构的动力性能，并指出：在时域内采用直接积分法计算该种结构的动力响应时，应该考虑采用不引起振幅率减小的Newmark-β法，以保证高阶模态响应的贡献仍然保留在响应中而不致于被忽略。

By means of field test for the pile of 15 meters length and MARC finite element analysis, this paper studies the bearing mechanism of the reinforced mixing pile, analyzes the law of load transfer and the percentage about cement-soil ring and reinforced concrete core under vertical load, analyzes the change law and interactive behavior about the pile's surface bearing and end bearing. In the end an experiential equation that can be used in Tianjin area to estimate the bearing capacity of single pile is proposed on the basis of test researches and finite element analysis.

分析了劲性搅拌桩在竖向荷载作用下的荷载传递规律及芯桩与水泥土的荷载分担比；分析了劲性搅拌桩在竖向荷载作用下桩侧摩阻力和桩端阻力随桩顶荷载的变化规律；分析了劲性搅拌桩在竖向荷载作用下桩端阻力及桩侧阻力的发挥性状与桩土位移间的关系及端阻力与侧阻力的荷载分担比。

The vertical stiffness decreases with shear deformation increase and the ratio of quantity of vertical deformation producing shear deformation and vertical stress is variable.

结果是随着剪切变形的增加，隔震橡胶支座的竖向刚度逐渐减小：由剪切变形和竖向压力产生的竖向沉降量的比例是不断变化的。

Then the pile-soil stress characteristics and stabilizing mechanism of the composite foundation are fully discussed. Based on the close analysis of the influence factors of the vertical bearing capacity, circular aperture extension theory is employed to establish the computing formulas for the pile vertical stress and the foundation vertical bearing capacity, respectively. Moreover, with analyzing the features of the calculation parameters such as materials of gunite mortar, jet pressure, diameter of the jet pipe, pile length, pile layout, a design theory for chemical churning pile composite foundation is proposed. Then, the variation of the pipe deformation with loads, the deformation coordination of pile and soil are studied. And methods to decide pile-soil stress ratio and the compressive modulus are developed. Meanwhile, the corresponding design method and the design parameters are proposed. In addition, studies for construction technique and quality detection of the chemical churning pile composite foundation are presented.

在此基础上深入探讨了旋喷桩的桩土受力特性及其复合地基的加固机理，从影响旋喷桩复合地基竖向承载力的因素入手，基于圆孔扩张理论给出了桩体竖向应力及旋喷桩复合地基的竖向承载力计算公式；通过对喷射浆液、喷射压力选取、喷射直径估算、桩长及桩位设计等各种计算参数的深入分析和研究，提出了一套相应的旋喷桩复合地基设计计算方法；通过计算分析，深入探讨了旋喷桩复合地基变形随荷载变化规律、桩和桩间土变形协调关系、桩土应力比及复合地基压缩模量的确定，并提出相应的设计方法和修正参数；此外，结合工程应用，对旋喷桩复合地基的施工技术及其现场质量检测方法进行了较全面的探讨。

Results show that vertical ground vibrations are generally greater than the lateral vibrations in the area vicinity to the central line of the railway, and decrease rapidlywith an increase in the distance to the central line.

结果表明：列车通过时，地面的竖向振动普遍比横向振动大；在靠近线路中心的区域，竖向振动随到线路距离的增加很快衰减；地面的横向振动有时比竖向的大，计算时不应忽略；地面振动强度和传播范围随地基弹性模量和埋深增加而减小。

There is much difference between the stress ratio in crown and springe calculated with these two methods. In the crown, most external forces changing into horizontal forces leads to the large decrease of the vertical tension stress. The vertical distribution pattern of the axial forces in the arch and soil pressure is not the same. And near the bottom of the pit the axial tension stress appears. Due to the self-accommodation effect which the external force acts on the arch, the stress in the springe gets lesser too.

拱冠和拱脚处的应力比值跟竖向构件比较相差悬殊；拱冠处由于大部分外力转化为水平拱内轴压力而使得竖向拉应力大大减小；竖向上拱内轴力与土压力的分布模式并不相同，并且在坑底附近出现了轴拉力；拱脚处也由于拱体对外力的自我调节作用而变得比纯竖向构件小的多。

Both motor car and each trailer of HST were modeled as a multi-rigid-body system with two suspensions, and LVT was modeled as an assembly of track segment elements with 24 degrees of freedom. The vertical vibration matrix equation of the system was established on the basis of the principle of the total potential energy with stationary value in elastic system dynamics and the rule of "set-in-right-position" for formulating system matrixes, and then Wilson-θ numerical integration method was used to solve the problem. The dynamic responses of the system were calculated when the train runs at the speed of 200 km/h. And the effects of vertical stiffness of rail fastener and block pad on vertical vibration responses of the system were investigated.

其原理是：将高速列车的动车和拖车模拟为具有二系悬挂的多刚体系统；将弹性支承块式无碴轨道模拟为具有24个自由度的轨段单元的集合；基于弹性系统动力学总势能不变值原理及形成系统矩阵的"对号入座"法则，建立此系统竖向振动矩阵方程，并采用Wilson-θ数值积分法求解，计算速度为200 km/h时此系统竖向动力响应，研究轨道刚度对此系统竖向振动响应的影响规律。

First of all, the paper carried out test study on four two-spanned model members of FSMRCWB, including three 1/2-scaled two-storeyed models and one 1/3-scaled three-storeyed model. The paper analyzed the test results, including analysis on mechanical property of the composite wall beam under vertical loads, and failure mode, deformation capacity, aseismic performance under horizontal loads and constant vertical loads. Secondly, the nonlinear property of concrete is studed and the nonlinear models of FSMRCSS is builded by ANSYS. Last, The paper studies the result of ANSYS, which mainly includes the loading-displace curve of FSMRCSS under horizontal loads and constant vertical loads, the mechanics of arch under vertical loads lonely and under horizontal loads and constant vertical loads respectively, and status of the distribution and changing of vertical stress and cross shear on the surface of the suporting beam, and the influence of span ratio and hole.All in all, the caculating results are in good agreement with the test results.

本文首先进行了三个1/2比例的两跨两层和一个1/3比例的两跨三层的框支密肋复合墙梁的模型试验，分析了框支密肋复合墙梁在竖向荷载作用下的受力性能，以及在竖向荷载与水平低周反复荷载共同作用下的受力性能、变形性能、滞回性能、耗能系数及破坏形态；其次，研究了混凝土的非线性特性，建立了框支密肋复合墙梁非线性有限元模型，并借助大型通用有限元软件ANSYS进行计算；再则，进行了非线性有限元结果分析，主要研究框支密肋复合墙梁在竖向荷载与水平地震力共同作用下的荷载位移曲线，分析在竖向荷载单独作用下和在竖向荷载与水平地震力共同作用下墙梁的拱作用，托梁顶面的竖向应力和横向剪应力分布及变化情况，并讨论跨度比、洞口对墙梁拱作用和托梁顶面的竖向应力的影响。

Under the direction of the paper; the effect of the so-called superdirective, refers to the paper balance water in the vertical and horizontal is inconsistent, lateral expansion rate is far better than vertical expansion rate, as a result, the lateral expansion deformation of the paper than vertical.

施纸张的标的目的性感化所谓标的目的性，是指纸张不均水分在不不竖向和不竖向上是不分歧的，不竖向伸缩率远比不不竖向伸缩率不小，因此，纸张的不竖向伸缩变形比不不竖向给不小。

The so-called superdirective, refers to the paper balance water in the vertical and horizontal is inconsistent, lateral expansion rate is far better than vertical expansion rate, as a result, the lateral expansion deformation of the paper than vertical.

所谓标的目的性，是指纸张不均火不合在不不竖向和不竖向上是不不合歧的，不竖向伸缩率远比不不竖向伸缩率不小，因此，纸张的不竖向伸缩变形比不不竖向给不小。

However, as the name（read－only memory）implies, CD disks cannot be written onorchanged in any way.

然而，正如其名字所指出的那样，CD盘不能写，也不能用任何方式改变其内容。

Galvanizes steel pallet is mainly export which suits standard packing of European Union, the North America. galvanizes steel pallet is suitable to heavy rack. Pallet surface can design plate type, corrugated and the gap form, satisfies the different requirements.

镀锌钢托盘多用于出口，替代木托盘，免薰蒸，符合欧盟、北美各国对出口货物包装材料的法令要求；喷涂钢托盘适用于重载上货架之用，托盘表面根据需要制作成平板状、波纹状及间隔形式，满足不同的使用要求。