立遗嘱

Every will shall be signed at the foot or end thereof by the testator, or by some other person in his presence and by his direction, and the signature shall be made or acknowledged by the testator as the signature to his will or codicil in the presence of two or more witnesses present at the same time, and those witnesses shall subscribe the will in the presence of the testator, but no form of attestation shall be necessary.

遗嘱应当由或遗嘱应当立遗嘱人签署，由其他人在立遗嘱人面前并依其指示签署，看来立遗嘱人是欲以其签署而令该遗嘱生效的；立遗嘱人是在 2 名或 2 名以上同时在场的见证人面前作出该签署或承认该签署；及每名见证人在立遗嘱人面前作见证并签署该遗嘱；或承认其所作的签署，但无须符合任何见证的格式。

Unless a contrary intention appears by the will, such real estate and interest therein as is comprised or intended to be comprised in any devise in the will contained, which fails or is void by reason of the death of 13 the devisee in the lifetime of the testator or by reason of the devise being contrary to law or otherwise incapable of taking effect, shall be included in the residuary devise contained in the will.

除非该遗嘱显示出相反的意愿，否则遗嘱中包含的，由于受赠人在立遗嘱人在世时死亡或赠予违反法律而不能生效的，诸如不动产和利益的赠予，应当包含在遗嘱的剩余遗赠内。

Marsh 190, was decided by the Kentucky court of appeals in 1820. It was there urged that the testator intended to have destroyed his will, and that he was forcibly prevented from doing so by the defendant in error or devisee; and it was insisted that the will, though not expressly, was thereby virtually, revoked.

一个案件是1820年肯塔基州上诉法院判决的盖恩斯诉盖恩斯案，该案说遗嘱人试图撕毁所立遗嘱，但被告或受赠人恶意阻止其撕毁遗嘱，遗嘱最终得到支持，没有被撤销。

No obliteration, interlineation or other alteration made in any will after the execution thereof shall be valid or have any effect except so far as the words or effect of the will before such alteration shall not be apparent, unless the alteration shall be executed in the like manner as by this Act is required for the execution of the will.

遗嘱签立后，其中的涂改，安插于行间的字或其他更改均不具任何效力或作用，除非在作如此更改前，遗嘱的字义或作用并不明显，而该等更改是由立遗嘱人以他在作出该等更改时可有效地签立遗嘱的方式签立。

When the emergency situation is over and if the testator is able to make a will in writing or in the form of a sound-recording, the nuncupative will he has made shall be invalidated.

危急情况解除后，遗嘱人能用书面或录音形式立遗嘱的，所立的口头遗嘱无效。

For, such banished man is entirely cut off from society; and such a monk, upon his profession, renounces solemnly all secular concerns: and besides, as the popish clergy exclaimed an exemption from the duties of civil life, and the commands of the temporal magistrate, the genius of the English law would not suffer those persons to enjoy the benefits of society, who secluded themselves from it, and refused to submit to its regulations.25 A monk is therefore accounted civiliter mortuus , and when he enters into religion may, like other dying men, make his testament and executors; or, if he makes none, the ordinary may grant administration to his next of kin, as if he were actually dead intestate.

因为，这样被驱逐的人完全的与社会隔绝；这样的修士，基于他的宣誓，庄严的放弃了所有世俗的社会关系：此外，既然天主教神职人员宣称免除世俗生命的责任并免受世俗管理者的命令，英格兰法律的精神便不能忍受这些人再享受世俗社会的好处，他们将自己与社会隔绝开来，并拒绝服从社会的约束。所以，修士被视为法律上的死亡，当他进入宗教，如同其他将死的人一样，可以确定他的遗嘱和遗嘱执行人；如果他没有确定，遗嘱官员可以将财产管理权力授予他最近的亲属，如同实际上未立遗嘱而死亡的情况。

A person appointed by a testator (that is, a person who has made a will) to administer the testator's estate after his death; his authority must be confirmed by letters probate issued by a Surrogate Court.

立遗嘱之人任命的人在他的死亡以后执行立遗嘱之人的财产；必须由一个遗嘱检验法院发布的遗嘱认证信件来证实他的权力。

Notwithstanding subsection (1), where a will made on or after 29th August 1938 is expressed to be made in contemplation of a marriage, the will shall not be revoked by the solemnization of the marriage contemplated; and this subsection shall apply notwithstanding that the marriage contemplated may be the first, second or subsequent marriage of a person lawfully practising polygamy.

款有所规定，日及其后签立的遗嘱显虽然第 1 款有所规定，但是在 1938 年 8 月 29 日及其后签立的遗嘱示出立遗嘱人在该遗嘱订立时，正预期与某人缔结婚姻，而且其意愿是不欲该遗嘱因该段婚姻而撤销，则该遗嘱不得因立遗嘱人与该人缔结婚姻而撤销。

Where a law in force outside Singapore falls to be applied in relation to a will, any requirement of that law whereby special formalities are to be observed by testators answering a particular description, or 4 witnesses to the execution of a will are to possess certain qualifications, shall be treated, notwithstanding any rule of that law to the contrary, as a formal requirement only.

在新加坡以外地方施行的法律如适用于任何遗嘱，而该法律规定某类立遗嘱人须遵循某些特别手续，或规定签立遗嘱时的见证人须具备某些资格，则即使该法律中有任何相反的规则，该等规定亦只视为是形式上的规定而已。

Every will made by a man or woman shall be revoked by his or her marriage, except a will made in exercise of a power of appointment, when the real or personal estate thereby appointed would not in default of such appointment pass to his or her heir, executor or administrator or the person entitled under the Intestate Succession Act.

在行使指定受益的权力时，根据无遗嘱财产继承法，除非如此指定的财产若没有该项指定便会转移于立遗嘱人的继承人，遗产执行人或管理人，否则即使立遗嘱人其后缔结婚姻，遗嘱所作的处置仍须有效。

The absorption and distribution of chromium were studied in ryeusing nutrient culture technique and pot experiment.

采用不同浓度K2CrO4(0，0.4，0.8和1.2 mmol/L)的Hoagland营养液处理黑麦幼苗，测定铬在黑麦体内的亚细胞分布、铬化学形态及不同部位的积累。

By analyzing theory foundation of mathematical morphology in the digital image processing, researching morphology arithmetic of the binary Image, discussing two basic forms for the least structure element: dilation and erosion.

通过分析数学形态学在图像中的理论基础，研究二值图像的形态分析算法，探讨最小结构元素的两种基本形态：膨胀和腐蚀；分析了数学形态学复杂算法的基本原理，把数学形态学的部分并行处理理念引入到家实际应用中。