立法者

It supplied the jurist with all his materials for generalisation, with all his methods of interpretation, with his elucidations of first principles, and with that great mass of limiting rules which are rarely interfered with by the legislator, but which seriously control the application of every legislative act.

它供给了法学家他所用的一切概括材料、所用的解释方法、他对原理的释明，以及大量的限制规定，这些规定很少受到立法者的干预，但却严密地控制着每一个立法法案的应用。

At present , China Securities Law and China Corporate Law have prohibitory regulations on manipulation ,but in our regulation system of securities market, administrative penalty and criminal punishment occupy a disproportional importance , while civil liability is being ignored seriously .

对于操纵市场，我国证券立法上有明确的禁止性规定，但对于其法律规制还仅限刑事和行政方面，忽略了对操纵行为人民事责任的追究，忽略了对受损害的投资者以私权上的救济。产生这种现状，主要是因为我国重刑轻民的法律文化传统以及立法者十分注重《证券法》的公法属性，淡忘了其私法属性。

Inside the criminal law, the punishability can link the theory of crime and that of punishment; and outside the criminal law, the punishability can connect the criminal law with the criminal policy. In view of this, the punishability should be given an independent position in the theory of crime, i.

可罚性在刑法之内可以起到联结犯罪论与刑罚论的桥梁作用，能够有效地缓和犯罪论与刑罚论的紧张关系，平衡罪与刑的矛盾和脱节；在刑法之外可以起到刑法与刑事政策的沟通节点的效果，减轻刑法与刑事政策不同步性所造成的立法与司法损耗，是立法者根据某种刑法以外的公共政策目的例外地设置的犯罪成立要素。

I hope our legislators not to enact legislation to protect wildlife treasure, but also to the ordinary animals around us a strong shield law, and economic benefits of eco-efficiency of harmony and unification.

所以希望我们的立法者不仅仅要立法保护珍惜野生动物，还要给我们身边的普通动物一个坚固的法律的盾牌，实现生态效益与经济效益的和谐统一。

Therefore hoped we the legislator not merely mustlegislate the protection to treasure the wild animal, but also mustgive us the side an ordinary animal firm law shield, the realizationecology benefit and the economic efficiency harmonious unification.

所以希望我们的立法者不仅仅要立法保护珍惜野生动物，还要给我们身边的普通动物一个坚固的法律的盾牌，实现生态效益与经济效益的和谐统一。

In other words, it is a typification analysis based on practical cases, so as to conduct the following functional inspection and explore if the present application of this law is in accordance with the initial aim of legislation.

也就是从实务案例进行类型化分析，以便进行后续的功能性考察，探究目前本法适用的情况是否符合当初立法目的；并就其缺失之处，提出具体修法建议供立法者参考。

The first chapter gives a brief introduction of Schmitt\'s life and main works together with the evolution of his concepts of state of exception and state emergency powers. The second chapter expounds Schmitt\'s claims on state emergency powers in the state of exception: it should allow the sovereignty unrestrictive powers to decide on the state of exception. In the state of exception the president must be empowered the unrestrictive emergency power to watch constitution. Both the parliament and ministry of justice cannot defend constitution in the state of exception.

第二章则阐述施米特关于例外状态下国家紧急权力的主张：决断例外状态需要不受限制的主权权力：例外状态下只有赋予不受限制的紧急权给总统才能守护宪法，议会、司法机关都不能在例外状态下捍卫宪法；例外状态下要捍卫国家、宪法，需要授予像总统这样的特别立法者以甚至侵犯宪法的立法权力。

Based on this constraint, the essay reinterprets the practical rea-sonableness of legislative policies of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress which have been widely criticized by the legal scholars,and claims that those policies were the rational choices by China's legis-lators under all kinds of actual constraints.

从这一约束条件出发，本文重新解释了为法学界所广泛批评的全国人大常委会诸多立法政策的实践合理性，并认为这些立法政策是中国立法者在各种现实的约束条件下所做出的理性的或近乎理性的选择。

The research of general precaution which is helpful to dispel deferences about it and unify various opinions shows remarkable significance. Moreover, the study also strengthens right understanding of both executives and law obseivers, and promote development of general precaution in theory and practice.

对一般预防予以深入研究，对于廓清理论上的迷雾，统一思想上的认识强化立法者、司法者、守法者对一般预防的正确思想，促进一般预防在理论上和实践上的双发展，具有重要的意义。

Thursday's protest was organized after leftist rebels of the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia, or FARC, said last week that 11 state lawmakers the rebels had held for more than five years were killed in a "crossfire."

在哥伦比亚革命武装左翼造反者或者是FARC 宣称被造反者劫持5年多的11个洲的立法者在上个星期在火力交叉中被杀死之后，星期的四的抗议被组织起来。

I didn't watch TV last night, because it .

昨晚我没有看电视，因为电视机坏了。

Since this year, in a lot of villages of Beijing, TV of elevator liquid crystal was removed.

今年以来，在北京的很多小区里，电梯液晶电视被撤了下来。