立法者

The above-stated limitations of written law aredetermined by the limitation of legislative objects to legislatorsand the limitations of legislators and language as law carrier.

成文法的这些局限性是由立法客体对立法者的制约、立法者本身认识的局限性和作为法律载体的语言的局限性所决定的。

This chapter tries to solve the following issues:as theconscious awareness of law-makers,the penalty-crimerelationship determines how to make law;as the form ofideas,the penalty-crime relationship regulates and guidesthe process of law-making and judicature;penalty andcrime as provided by law is nothing but the model for thepenalty-crime relationship presupposed and defined bylawmakers;the presupposition and definition of thepenalty-crime relationship is the value-based evaluativeactivity on the grounds of cognition;the change invalue-based criteria and the inherent contradiction of theobjective to beevaluated is the fundamental precondition for the definitionof the penalty-crime relationship;the change in classcontradiction is the basic cause for the change inevaluative criteria;the change in the objective to theevaluated reflects the demands and interests of the rulingclass to a certain extent,and lastly;as the evaluativeform of negating crime,penalty and its effectiveness dependheavily on the unity of compulsiveness and justice.

文章论述了刑罪关系作为立法者的自觉意识决定着刑事立法；刑罪关系作为观念的形式，规束并引导着立法和司法，法律中规定的犯罪与刑罚，是立法者设定的刑罪关系范式；刑罪关系的设定是以认识为基础的价值评价活动，价值标准的变动性和评价对象的内在矛盾性，是刑罪关系设立的根本前提，指出了阶级矛盾的变化是导致评价标准不确定的根本原因；评价对象的转移，在一定程度上反映出统治阶级利益的需要。刑罚作为对犯罪否定评价的方式，其有效性在于强制性与正义性的统一。

Exactness is the soul of legislative language and one of legislative principles pursued by the lawmaker.

准确历来是立法语言的灵魂，也是立法者尽力追求的主要立法原则之一。

One that creates or enacts laws, especially a member of a legislative body.

立法者，立法机关成员创建或制定法律的人，尤指立法机关的成员

I shall be asked if I am a prince or a legislator, to write on politics.

有人会问，我是否是个王子或立法者，因为只有王子或立法者才发表政见。

One that creates or enacts laws, especially a member of a legislative body.

立法 者，立法机关成员创建或制定法律的人，尤指立法机关的成员

Therefore,legal justice is created by both the legislature and the judiciaries,to whom the language itself is a kind of power.

所以说，法之正义是由立法者和司法者共同缔造的，在立法者和司法者那里，语言本身都是一种权力。

South Korean opposition lawmakers have scuffled today with security guards who tried to end the legislators' blockade of parliament.

朝鲜反对派立委今天与警卫发生扭打企图结束对立法者关闭议会。立法者在保守的大国家党推行80项改革措施后进行静坐示威表达他们的反对。

Is the counter-poison to mass culture, to the corroding effects of mass culture, toand voluptuaries without heart. Liberal education is the ladder by which we try toascend from mass democracy to democracy as originally meant. Liberal education isthe necessary endeavor to found an aristocracy within democratic mass society.Liberal education reminds those members of a mass democracy who have ears to hear,of human greatness.

一个未开化的社会，在其最好状态中是由沿着原初立法者，亦即诸神、诸神之子或诸神的学生传下的古老习惯统治的社会；既然还不存在书写，后来的继承者就不能直接地与原初的立法者相联系；他们无法知道他们的父辈或祖父辈是否偏离了原初立法者的意图，是否用仅仅人为的附加或减少去毁损那些神圣的消息；因此一个未开化的社会不能前后一贯地按其&最好即最古老&的原则去行为。

People believe is law as a kind of logos. judge scrupulously obey the cross-bencher law that is abstracted as justice and righteous marks. So legal interpretation has the character of dogmatism.

据此法律解释即是把立法者所制定的清晰明确的法律规范适用于具体的案件，法官对法律的解释则是摈弃一切主观因素探求既存、客观的立法者意图之过程，司法三段论被视为沟通实然和应然唯一桥梁，此即所谓的客观主义法律解释。

I didn't watch TV last night, because it .

昨晚我没有看电视，因为电视机坏了。

Since this year, in a lot of villages of Beijing, TV of elevator liquid crystal was removed.

今年以来，在北京的很多小区里，电梯液晶电视被撤了下来。