立法权

In short, up to 14th century, Anjou Parliament has became a political institution with regularly holding, reasonable structure and perfecting systems, and it has some financial powers, legislative power, judicial power and administration power, even in form with the major political functions such as impeaching the minister, deposing the King and changing the dynasty.

总之，14世纪时，安茹议会已经发展成为召开日趋正常化、组织不断完善化、制度初步健全化的政治机构，并且拥有一定的财政权、立法权、司法权与行政权，甚至在形式上具有弹劾大臣、废立国王与改朝换代等重大政治功能。

The absolutist principle of a legally prescribed punishment for a specific crime was established by the criminal classical school, with Beccaria as its representative, by applying the strictness rules.

以贝卡利亚为代表的刑事古典学派采用严格规则主义，确定了绝对罪刑法定主义原则，即以立法权限制司法权，法官没有任何权力创制、解释和修改法律，也没有任何的自由裁量权。

The restriction of legislative power is a component of the constitutionalism theory.

立法权的限制是宪政理论的一项重要内容。

From Hayek's theory of society, the right exertion of legislative power should not surpass the inner rule. From Leoni, the right exertion of legislative power should root in personal request.

哈耶克从社会理论出发认为立法权正当行使不能超越内部规则，而在莱奥尼看来，立法权正当行使应当来源于个人的诉求。

Legislative power is very important in the construction of monocracy , we can say that the start point of construction of monocracy consists in a perfect legal system, but all lawmaking achievement lies on the perfect exertion of legislative power.

立法权的良好运行在法治建设中起到十分重要的作用，而检验立法权是否良好运行，在当下时空，就是看立法权是否得到正当行使。

Having reviewed the historical development of the Rule of Law and administrative discretion, the Chapter mainly illustrates the necessity of administrative rulemaking and the multiformity to control the power in modern society.

在回顾了法治与行政自由裁量权的历史沿革以后，文章重点探讨了行政立法权在现代社会的必要性以及对行政立法权控制方式的多样性。

After the intermediate stage in the Medieval Europe, the deed theories of Hebrew culture was not only enormously promoted the economic development , with contracting freedom inherited from the ancient Rome culture, Moreover, it had expedited the people sovereignty theories. After the combination of the neoteric commodity economy with the theories of Christianity\'s original sin, belief doctrine, and the wealth view, which gave birth to the supreme status of constitution, and the conception of equality, freedom, and so on. Christianity\'s wealth view (especially the Protestantism ethics) enormously promoted the capitalism expansion and finally forms the conception that private property are sacrosanctity. The ideology of successive authority restriction from Christianity, and the Christianity\'s exercise to partial legislative power and jurisdiction power, combined with autonomous cities based on commodity economy, and the political phenomenon that merchants exerted legislative power and jurisdiction power. Those had made the mundane ruler such as king, and so on, could only take the exertion of tax revenue power as the main symbol administrative authorities. It provided historical and psychological foundation for the birth of modern decentralization theories .

希伯来文化中的"约"和古罗马的契约自由不仅极大地促进中世纪中期以后欧洲商品经济的发展，而且催生了人民主权理念；基督教的"原罪说"、信仰主义和财富观等与近代商品经济的结合，生成了宪法至上及平等、自由等权利观念；基督教的财富观极大地促进了资本主义扩大再生产的实现并最终形成私有财产神圣不可侵犯的财产权观念；基督教会传承的权力制约思想及基督教会对部分立法权和司法权的行使，与建立在商品经济基础上的自治城市及商人行使立法权、司法权等政治现象相耦合，使得国王等世俗的统治者习惯于只行使以税收权为主要标志的行政权，为近代分权学说的产生和分权制度的建立提供了历史和心理的基础。

After the intermediate stage in the Medieval Europe, the deed theories of Hebrew culture was not only enormously promoted the economic development , with contracting freedom inherited from the ancient Rome culture, Moreover, it had expedited the people sovereignty theories. After the combination of the neoteric commodity economy with the theories of Christianity"s original sin, belief doctrine, and the wealth view, which gave birth to the supreme status of constitution, and the conception of equality, freedom, and so on. Christianity"s wealth view (especially the Protestantism ethics) enormously promoted the capitalism expansion and finally forms the conception that private property are sacrosanctity. The ideology of successive authority restriction from Christianity, and the Christianitys exercise to partial legislative power and jurisdiction power, combined with autonomous cities based on commodity economy, and the political phenomenon that merchants exerted legislative power and jurisdiction power. Those had made the mundane ruler such as king, and so on, could only take the exertion of tax revenue power as the main symbol administrative authorities. It provided historical and psychological foundation for the birth of modern decentralization theories .

希伯来文化中的"约"和古罗马的契约自由不仅极大地促进中世纪中期以后欧洲商品经济的发展，而且催生了人民主权理念；基督教的"原罪说"、信仰主义和财富观等与近代商品经济的结合，生成了宪法至上及平等、自由等权利观念；基督教的财富观极大地促进了资本主义扩大再生产的实现并最终形成私有财产神圣不可侵犯的财产权观念；基督教会传承的权力制约思想及基督教会对部分立法权和司法权的行使，与建立在商品经济基础上的自治城市及商人行使立法权、司法权等政治现象相耦合，使得国王等世俗的统治者习惯于只行使以税收权为主要标志的行政权，为近代分权学说的产生和分权制度的建立提供了历史和心理的基础。

Legislative power,as a power form,can trace its existence and development back into a long history.Therefore,a historical review on the word itself is necessary before further topics regarding the restriction on legislative power are discussed.

作为一项权力形态的立法权，其出现及其发展是有着深厚历史渊源的，因而，对"立法权"这个语词本身就应当作历史的考察，在厘清"立法权"这个语词本身蕴含的深厚意义的前提下，才能探讨"如何限制立法权"这个进一步的论题。

It is easy to be centralized when the legislative power is being exerted so that it will induce not only the absolutization and irrationality of the legislative power but also some wrong idea that the leg-islative power,not people,is regarded as the key of the legislative procedure.

但是立法权的所有与行使的分离使其有被滥用的可能，由此导致立法权在行使时出现趋中心化：立法权绝对化、非理性化、将立法权而不是公民作为立法过程的核心。

It has been put forward that there exists single Ball point and double Ball points on the symmetrical connecting-rod curves of equilateral mechanisms.

从鲍尔点的形成原理出发，分析对称连杆曲线上鲍尔点的产生条件，提出等边机构的对称连杆曲线上有单鲍尔点和双鲍尔点。

The factory affiliated to the Group primarily manufactures multiple-purpose pincers, baking kits, knives, scissors, kitchenware, gardening tools and beauty care kits as well as other hardware tools, the annual production value of which reaches US$ 30 million dollars.

集团所属工厂主要生产多用钳、烤具、刀具、剪刀、厨具、花园工具、美容套等五金产品，年生产总值3000万美元，产品价廉物美、选料上乘、质量保证，深受国内外客户的青睐