突起

2 The result of electron microscope cytochemistry stain: The positive production of ACPase was present black lead phosphate deposit with high electron-dense under light microscope, located in cytoplasm or apophysis mainly. Lysosome was located in cytoplasm in the earlier of differentiation, then was present in apophysis with it grew.

4.2 电镜酶细胞化学染色结果：电镜下ACPase阳性产物为电子致密度高的黑色磷酸铅沉淀，主要分布于神经元的胞浆中或突起内，神经元分化的初期，溶酶体集中分布于胞质内，随突起的长出，可见在突起内出现。

The outside gill disappeared, the gill arches developed to from the branchia, later the branchia appeared primary protuberance, along with developing, it appeared the secondary protuberance and the third protuberance, until the 36 stage, the stage is the inside gill developing at the peak, later it came into the period of the metamorphosis, the inside gill degenerated, the third protuberance began shrank, next the secondary protuberance and the primary protuberance shrank, finally the gill arches shrank and disappeared, the metamorphosis completed.

内鳃的发育是首先由鳃弓上的突起形成鳃叶，其次鳃叶上出现初级突起，随着进一步发育出现次级突起和三级突起，直到内鳃发育最高峰(胚胎发育的36期)。随后进入变态期，内鳃开始退化，首先是三级突起开始萎缩，其次是次级突起和初级突起，最后是鳃弓，直至鳃弓完全消失，变态完成。

The remaining small part protruded with several crassitude processes which were MAG positive. Ratio of neuron is different(30.2+3.8)%(50.9+2.8)%(58.6+3.3)% and (66.7+4.1)%(P.01). Conclusions is Sodium nitroprusside can inhibit the proliferation and promote the differentiation of spinal neural stem cells into neuronal but not glial cells in vitro.

相差显微镜下大部分神经干细胞伸出多个细长突起，且MAPZ免疫荧光染色增强：部分为有多个短小突起、GFAP阳性表达；部分细胞为少数粗大突起，MAG染色阳性。4组神经元数与三种细胞总数之比，即神经元的比例分别为(30.2士3.8)%、(50.9士2.8)%、(58.6士3.3)%和(66.7士4.1)%，可见硝普钠浓度越高，神经元比例越大(只0.01)。

Many dendritic projections appeared at the adherent cells gradually observed by light microscope; By scaning electron microscope, typical"veiled"DC appeared with abundance of gauffer and the edge of the veil made of graded dendritic projections; all kinds of DC conjected and composed of cluster by the projections. 2. The percentages of CD markers were CD123/54. 5, CD11c/88. 99, CD40/56. 65, CD1a/69. 36, CD86/92. 57, CD80/70.79, CD83/85. 91. 3. The numbers of T cells expressing CD69 has been increased strikly (CD4+CD69+/19. 05%; CD8+CD69+/21. 93%). 4. The augment of percentages of CD3+, CD25+, CD45RO+/CD45RA+, CD4+/CD28and CD8+/CD28- and the decrease of CD28+ and CD45RO-/CD45RA+ in both the CD4+ and the CD8+ T cells could be exemed.

光镜下见贴壁细胞在培养过程中（7天）逐渐长出长短不一树突状突起，细胞形态不一；电镜观察到DC表面呈多层"面纱"覆盖，有大量皱褶，"面纱"边缘有长短不一的不规则的树突状突起，每个突起有多级分枝；AFM见DC细胞的"面纱"状结构是由多级树突状突起相互缠绕形成的，各个DC细胞之间的突起相互连接，构成集落； 2。

Results 1、The CD11b-positive microglia were dyed low brown with small bacilliform cell bodies,ramified morphology,thin and long protuberance in CON and NIC group;In LPS group,the CD11b-positive microglia were dyed chocolate brown with more big roundish cell bodies,thicker and shorter processes;Most CD11b-positive microglia were dyed brown with bacilliform cell bodies,ramified morphology and few cells were dyed deep brown with more big roundish cell bodies,thicker and shorter protuberance in NIC+LPS group.

结果 1、CON组与NIC组CD11b阳性小胶质细胞胞体小，呈杆状，突起细长，染成浅棕色：LPS组小鼠脑内CD11b阳性小胶质细胞胞体增大，呈圆形，突起粗而短，染成棕褐色；NIC+LPS组少量CD11b阳性小胶质细胞胞体增大，圆形，突起变粗变短，染成深棕色，多数呈杆状，突起少、细长，染成浅棕色。

In addition, an oval protuberance in pars caeca retinae near pars optica retinae forms continuous lap, and hemal sinus and abundant erythrocytes exist in the protuberance. The homologous relationship may exist between the protuberance and conus papillaris and/or pectin.

视网膜盲部接近视部处有椭圆形突起，该突起呈连续分布而形成一圈，突起内可见血窦及丰富的红细胞，该突起可能与锥状突和/或栉膜具有同源关系。

In addition, an oval protuberance in pars caeca retinae near pars optica retinae forms continuous lap, and hemal sinus and abundant erythrocytes exist in the protuberance.

视网膜盲部接近视部处有椭圆形突起，该突起呈连续分布而形成一圈，突起内可见血窦及丰富的红细胞，该突起可能与锥状突和／或栉膜具有同源关系。

Figure 17.2 Distribution of papillae along the dorsal surface of the tongue: C, circumvallate; Fu, fungiform; Fi, filiform.

图17.2 顺着舌头表面的乳状突起的示意图： C，壁垒状突起；Fu，菌状突起；Fi，覆叶状突起。

For the first time, a screw pile and pile driver system for preventing flood and rushing to deal with an emergency was manufactured. The screw piles of the system is different from screw drills used to sap, and it doesn't push soils out. Analyses, including the screw pile's structural strength analysis and the screw blade's welding analysis, were done by ANSYS, which showed that the screw pile's structural strength is enough and that the distort of the screw blade is small. Testing on the screw pile and pile driver system showed that the system performed stably and could meet the need of preventing flood and rushing to deal with an emergency. A mechanics model of interaction of a screw pile and soil was built, and expressions of torque of screw pile's cylindrical part on the condition of screw pile's crew part being driven into soil fully were gained, then the relation of the torque with screw pitch and out diameter of cylinder, which shows the torque decreases with the screw pitch increasing, and that the torque increases with the out diameter of cylinder increasing, which was according with the experiments of the screw pile's being driven into soils, and thus a screw pile with the best structure was chosen. Experiments of bionic surface showed that, on the condition of certain pressure on the surface, the protruding bionic surface can not reduce adhesion and resistance and that the corrugated bionic surface can reduce adhesion and resistance. An orthogonal experiment of the corrugated bionic surface was done with the factors including the width of protrusion, the space between two protrusions, the trolley's velocity and the vertical surface pressure and with the surface frictional coefficient as the experimental target, and some inclusions were drawn that the best combination of the factors was acquired and that the width of protrusion affected the surface frictional coefficient remarkably.

研制了防汛抢险螺旋桩机系统，提高了沉桩作业效率；利用ANSYS对桩体进行整体结构强度分析以及螺旋叶片的焊接分析，表明桩体结构强度足够，焊接过程中，螺旋叶片的变形小；对整个螺旋桩机系统进行试验，表明该系统性能可靠，工作稳定，作业效率高，能够满足防汛抢险沉桩作业基本需要；建立了螺旋桩桩土作用力学模型，得出螺旋桩沉桩过程中螺旋桩螺旋部分完全进入土体时螺旋桩圆柱部分所受扭矩以及扭矩与防汛抢险螺旋桩的螺旋导程和圆柱外径的关系曲线，表明螺旋桩螺旋部分完全进入土体时螺旋桩圆柱部分所受扭矩随着螺旋导程的增大而减小，随着圆柱外径的增大而增大，这与螺旋桩沉桩试验结论相符合，据此优选出最佳结构的螺旋桩；仿生曲面试验表明，尺寸较小的球冠突起型仿生曲面在一定压力作用下未能起到减粘降阻的作用，而尺寸较大的波纹型仿生曲面相对平板具有一定的减粘降阻作用；以波纹型仿生曲面突起宽度、波纹型仿生曲面两突起之间间距、台车的牵引速度以及叶片表面垂直载荷为因素，以曲面摩擦系数试验指标进行正交试验，寻求出在一定试验条件下最佳因素水平组合；波纹型仿生曲面突起宽度在本试验条件下对曲面摩擦系数影响显著，而其它几个因素对曲面摩擦系数影响均不显著；通过波纹型仿生曲面突起宽度和台车牵引速度的单因素试验，表明曲面摩擦系数随着仿生曲面突起宽度的增大而减小，而随着台车牵引速度的变化基本保持不变，和正交试验结果保持一致。

Single factor experiments were done with the factors including the width of protrusion and the trolley's velocity, which showed that the surface frictional coefficient decreases with the width of protrusion increasing, and doesn't change with the trolley's velocity changing, which was consistent with the results of the orthogonal experiment. A theoretical model of the horizontal projection of a corrugated bionic surface's contact area was built, which showed that the contact area's horizontal projection decreases with width and interval increasing respectively and that the ratio of the contact area's horizontal projection and the vertical load decreases with the vertical load increasing. It indicated that the surface frictional coefficient decreases with the above three factors increasing respectively. Finite element modeling and analysis of interactions of a plate and soils was done using ANSYS, which showed that the plate frictional coefficient is little relative to soil elastic modulus and decreases with vertical surface pressure and that trolley's pull and vertical displacement of bionic surface's control pilot keep constant almost during the plate being pulled. Finite element modeling and analysis of interactions of a corrugated bionic surface and soils was done using ANSYS, which showed that surface frictional coefficient is little relative to soil elastic modulus and decreases with bionic surface's structural parameters and vertical pressure increasing. However, the three factors all didn't affect the surface frictional coefficient remarkably on the condition of 90% dependability. For the first time, bionic surfaces were applied to screw piles, which formed bionic screw piles, and the contrast experiments showed the bionic screw pile had certain resistance-decreasing effects.

建立了波纹型仿生曲面与土壤的接触面积的水平投影的理论模型，表明接触面积的水平投影A随着波纹型仿生曲面突起宽度、两相邻突起间距的增大而减小，接触面积的水平投影与波纹型仿生曲面表面垂直载荷之比随着波纹型仿生曲面表面垂直载荷的增大而减小，进而得出仿生曲面摩擦系数随着波纹型仿生曲面突起宽度、两相邻突起间距以及表面垂直载荷的增大而减小；利用ANSYS软件对平板与土壤的相互作用进行了有限元建模与分析，表明平板摩擦系数与土壤弹性模量关系不大，而随着表面垂直载荷的增大而减小；平板牵引过程中台车牵引力和仿生曲面控制节点垂直方向位移基本保持不变；利用ANSYS软件对波纹型仿生曲面与土壤的相互作用进行了有限元建模与分析，表明波纹型仿生曲面系数在一定范围内基本不受土壤弹性模量的影响，随着波纹型仿生曲面突起宽度、两相邻突起间距以及表面垂直载荷的增大而减小，但在可信度为90％的前提下，三个因素影响都不显著；首次将波纹型仿生曲面应用于与土壤作用方式以挤压为主的螺旋桩，形成仿生螺旋桩，并与普通螺旋桩进行了沉桩对比试验，表明波纹型仿生曲面应用于螺旋桩桩体表面具有明显的降阻作用。

Breath, muscle contraction of the buttocks; arch body, as far as possible to hold his head, right leg straight towards the ceiling (peg-leg knee in order to avoid muscle tension).

呼气，收缩臀部肌肉；拱起身体，尽量抬起头来，右腿伸直朝向天花板（膝微屈，以避免肌肉紧张）。

The cost of moving grain food products was unchanged from May, but year over year are up 8%.

粮食产品的运输费用与5月份相比没有变化，但却比去年同期高8％。