空间定位

The theory of sidelobe canceler which is common in radar countermeasures is analyzed and two locations are indicated: 1 Depending on the energy of interference; 2 Limited by the interference's changes. Aiming at sidelob canceler's localizations, the paper proposes the method of integrating beam forming and spatial spectrum estimation to eliminate the interference.

针对旁瓣对消的局限，本文提出了将波束形成技术与空间谱估计技术结合来实现抑制干扰的思路：通过空间谱估计技术对于扰源准确的定位；利用此方位信息波束形成，使空间滤波器在该方位形成零点凹陷，以达到抑制干扰的目的。

It solves the problem that the unitary contour presentation can not correctly extract face contour in a face image which suffers from scale, rotation etc. The definition of the internal and external energy function is provided. At the same time, the global matching algorithm and local matching algorithm is given. The experiment shows that this presentation and the accompanying matching algorithm can be used to extract the face contour very well. So the image segmentation can be implemented by using it.②By analyzing the recognition principle of PCA method, we can conclude that the face images coming from different surrounding consist of different face image space. This is the essential reason that makes the generality of PCA method worse. Also, we give a measurement means to measure the distance from different face image space, so we can analyze face image space more conveniently.③We also construct various scale models and rotation pose models to detect the scale and rotating angle of face image to be recognized. The experiment results show that the detecting precision is very high. So it is good for face image feature extraction and face image representation.④Similarly, we construct local feature models of face image and utilize them to detect the local feature of face image. At the same time, we put forward a novel face image local feature detection algorithm, locating step by step. The experiment results show that this method can accurately detect the location of local face feature in a image.⑤A novel face image presentation model, dual attribute graph , is put forward. Firstly, it utilizes attribute graph to present the face image, then exact the local principal component coefficient and Gabor transform coefficient of thc pixels which corresponds to the nodes of the graph as the attribute of the nodes. This representation fully makes use of the statistical characteristic of the local face feature and utilizes Gabor transform to present the topographical structure of face image. So DAG has more general property.⑥Based on the DAG presentation, we give a DAG matching function and matching algorithm. During the design of the function and algorithm, the noise factor, e. g., lighting, scale and rotation pose are considered and tried to be eliminated. So the algorithm can give more general property.⑦A general face image recognition system is implemented. The experiment show the system can get better recognition performance under the noise surrounding of lighting, scale and rotation pose.

本文在上述研究的基础上，取得了如下主要研究成果：①构造了一个通用的人脸轮廓模型表示，解决了由于人脸图象尺度、旋转等因素而使得仅用单一轮廓表示无法正确提取人脸轮廓的问题，并给出了模型内、外能函数的定义，同时给出了模型的全局与局部匹配算法，实验表明，使用这种表示形式以及匹配算法，能够较好地提取人脸图象的轮廓，可实际用于人脸图象的分割；②深入分析了PCA方法的识别机制，得出不同成象条件下的人脸图象构成不同的人脸图象空间的结论，同时指出这也是造成PCA方法通用性较差的本质原因，并给出了不同人脸空间距离的一种度量方法，使用该度量方法能够直观地对人脸图象空间进行分析；③构造了各种尺度模板、旋转姿势模板以用于探测待识人脸图象的尺度、旋转角度，实验结果表明，探测精确度很高，从而有利于人脸图象特征提取，以及图象的有效表示；④构造了人脸图象的各局部特征模板，用于人脸图象局部特征的探测；同时提出了一种新的人脸图象局部特征探测法---逐步求精定位法，实验结果表明，使用这种方法能够精确地得到人脸图象各局部特征的位置；⑤提出了一种新的人脸图象表示法---双属性图表示法；利用属性图来表示人脸图象，并提取图节点对应图象位置的局部主成分特征系数以及Gabor变换系数作为图节点的属性，这种表示方法充分利用了人脸图象的局部特征的统计特性，并且使用Gabor变换来反映人脸图象的拓扑结构，从而使得双属性图表示法具有较强的通用性；⑥在双属性图表示的基础上，给出双属性图匹配函数及匹配算法，在函数及算法设计过程中，考虑并解决了光照、尺度、旋转姿势变化等因素对人脸图象识别的影响，使得匹配算法具有较强的通用性；⑦设计并实现了一个通用的人脸图象识别系统，实验结果表明，该系统在图象光照、尺度、旋转姿势情况下，得到了较好的识别效果。

The input method of multi-scale data and three levels data index are investigated, a new own idea about how to represent multi-scale seamless data is advanced. The viewpoints that seamless GIS is looked on surface of globe reference ellipsoid as spatial information positioning standard and looked on geographic coordinates as reference of spatial data storage are explored, and based on reference ellipsoid surface coordinate, the measurement model of distance, azimuth angle and area are given.(4) The flowchart of data production of seamless GIS is analyzed, on the basis of the program algorithm and the interactive processing of feature adjoining relation, the data production method of seamless GIS is discussed.

研究了无缝GIS多格式、多比例尺空间数据入库的模式，创新性地提出了用数据中间件模式解决GIS多源空间数据无缝集成的新方法，研究了多比例尺数据入库的方法和三级索引机制，并对无缝GIS数据的多尺度表示提出了自己的看法；阐述了无缝GIS以地球椭球面为空间信息定位的参考面、以地理坐标进行空间数据存储的观点，并给出了在椭球坐标系下的距离、方位角和面积度量模型。

Accurate station keeping is demonstrated in experiments with our four-DOF underwater vehicle and the observed target which is a regular tetrahedron with four ball-like culminations in our indoor water tank.

悬停定位具有两个特点：首先，它是一种动力定位，即在定位传感器的引导下，依靠自身的动力，在控制系统的指挥下抵抗外界扰动而保持某一位姿；其二，它是一种局部定位，水下机器人相对作业目标的运动空间范围一般不会很大。

From the view of the structure of global address space and the location of shared data, we proposed a new concept, Superobject data structure and a new method for locating shared data, which unifies all methods of previous systems.

从全局地址空间的组织和共享数据定位方法的角度提出了一个新的概念Super-object数据结构，并提出了基于Super-object数据结构的定位方法，它统一了所有实现系统中的各种定位方法。

Virtual Space Teleconferencing System is based on video teleconferencing system.

虚拟空间会议系统是在视频会议的基础上发展起来的，与会者以替身的形式出现在计算机生成的虚拟会议空间中，通过替身在虚拟空间中定位、观察、操纵虚拟空间的物体，与其他用户进行"面对面"交流。

Sandouping and Huanglingmiao suites consist mainly of tonalite, trondjemite and granodolerite, being syntectonic granitoids emplaced at the ductile domain 16 km deep under the action of SN-strikingregional compression.

三斗坪和黄陵庙两个岩套主要由英云闪长岩、奥长花岗岩花岗闪地组成，是在近南北向区域挤压下于约16km深部塑性域定位的同构造花岗岩，前者主要依靠岩浆在构造弱面逐次强力楔入创造定位空间，后者主要在处于活动状态的韧性拉张剪切带内定位。

Virtual Space Teleconferencing System is based on video teleconferencing system. Participants appear in computer-generated virtual space as avatars, and these avatars can locate, view, manipulate virtual objects, communicate with others "face to face" in this space.

虚拟空间会议系统是在视频会议的基础上发展起来的，与会者以替身的形式出现在计算机生成的虚拟会议空间中，通过替身在虚拟空间中定位、观察、操纵虚拟空间的物体，与其他用户进行"面对面"交流。

Geospatial information resources directory service system, used to collect, store, use and manage geospatial information resources directory contents, through the metadata description and retrieval mechanism, localizes and discoveries the geospatial information resources, realizing the system that shares geospatial information resources.

地理空间信息资源目录体系是采集、存储、使用和管理地理空间信息资源目录内容，通过元数据描述和检索机制，定位和发现地理空间信息资源，实现地理空间信息资源共享的系统。

This paper proposes three end-member ductile shortening (DS , tectonic extension and magmatic swallowing multiple emplacement mechanisms, which is better to solve space problem of plutons and may be responsible for many or most plutons in nature.

本文提出花岗岩体三元(主动膨胀、构造扩展、岩浆侵吞)复合定位机制，较好地解决了岩体的定位空间问题，自然界中绝大多数花岗岩体可能都是通过这种复合机制定位的，只是三元组分比例大小不一而已。

I didn't watch TV last night, because it .

昨晚我没有看电视，因为电视机坏了。

Since this year, in a lot of villages of Beijing, TV of elevator liquid crystal was removed.

今年以来，在北京的很多小区里，电梯液晶电视被撤了下来。