空间地

The main work and the originality points of this dissertation could be concluded as the following parts:(1) To analyze systematically the mathematical model of LES of air flow in great space, under the case of isothermal and non-isothermal, as well as the combined action of buoyancy and strain. Some basic problems are studied about the LES application into airflow simulation of great space, such as boundary conditions, spatial difference scheme and time advancing scheme, time step etc., which creates the basis for the LES application to indoor airflow simulation.(2) Both the instantaneous and time averaged flow field of great space with multiple jets under isothermal and non-isothermal cases are explored with large eddy simulation method, and also discussed the dynamic characteristics and the law of fluidflow in the great space.(3) Based on the results of LES of the great space and the Fanger thermal comfort indexes, it is brought forward the concept of the series of dynamic thermal comfort evaluating indexes, which could be divided into thermal comfort index with time averaged properties PD, PPD, PMV, thermal comfort index with instantaneous properties IPD, IPPD, IPMV, and time averaged thermal comfort indexes TAPD, TAPPD, TAPMV, and transient situations time averaged thermal comfort indexes TTAPD, TTAPPD, TTAPMV. The differences among them and the calculation methods are discussed, and the four kinds of indexes are calculated with the thermal comfort index PD as an example.(4) Based on the LES results it is discussed the hot air stratification phenomena in air-conditioned buildings in the case with air supply and return registers on the ceiling and the case on the sidewall. The fundamentals of the hot air stratification are studied and the relations of estimating hot air stratification are brought forward.(5) With the advanced apparatus such as hot wire film anemometer IFA300 and laser particle field anemoscope, corresponding model test and site measurements have been done, which are compared with the simulation results and LES is proved a very promising method in air flow simulation indoor.

本文主要工作既创新点体现在以下几个方面：(1)系统分析了等温、非等温和考虑剪切力与浮升力综合作用的高大空间大涡模拟数学模型，并研究了高大空间大涡模拟在室内气流仿真应用中的一些基本问题，如边界条件、空间离散格式和时间推进格式、时间步长选择等问题，为大涡模拟在室内气流计算中的广泛应用打下了基础；(2)首次用大涡模拟方法研究了高雷诺数下高大空间多射流在等温、非等温情况下的瞬时流场和时均流场分布，并探讨了多射流流场的动态特性和流动规律；(3)基于大涡模拟的动态仿真结果和Fanger的热舒适指标，首次系统地提出了动态热舒适评价指标体系的概念：即基于时间平均参数的热舒适指标PD、PPD、PMV；基于瞬时参数的瞬时热指标IPD、IPPD、IPMV；基于时间平均热舒适指标TAPD、TAPPD、TAPMV；以及沿行动迹线的时间平均热舒适指标TTAPD、TTAPPD、TTAPMV，并分析了四类热舒适指标的差异性和计算方法，还以PD值为例对四类指标分别进行了计算；(4)基于数十种工况下空调房间大涡模拟的结果，研究了空调建筑上送上回和侧送侧回两种情况下热分层现象，并探讨了热分层的基本规律，首次提出了避免热分层现象的判断公式；(5)在暖通空调领域，首次使用IFA300热线风速仪、激光粒子速度场仪等先进设备，完成了与大涡模拟相对应的模型试验，并把实测结果与仿真结果进行了对比，说明LES在室内气流仿真方面是一种很有前景的方法。

By doing so, the dimension of attribute can be reduced effectively, the noise can be filtered successfully and the underlying semantic structural relation will be stressed.(3) The dissertation carries on expanded research on double-bases cooperating mechanism in terms of pattern, discusses and proves the important structure mapping theorem of the above mechanism.

该方法通过小波变换及潜在语义索引算法将向量空间模型中的"特征词项空间"转化为Hilbert子空间——"概念空间"的范畴，从而有效地降低了特征项维数、过滤掉文本数据中的噪声、突出了文本数据的深层语义结构关系。

With Hilbert space filling curve and latent semantic index, MLSQ maps similar data objects in high dimension semantic space into an adjacent range in one dimensional value space, and considers every data object sequence number in one dimensional space as a key. MLSQ distributes the keys to adjacent nodes of structured P2P systems. By embedding the process of searching data points of HSFC into the nodes of structured P2P networks and using the data search mechanism of networks, MLSQ can facilitate to search the data objects in accordance with query requirements.

该方法利用Hilbert空间填充曲线和潜在语义索引，将高维语义空间中相似的数据对象映射到一维数值空间中的邻近区域中，并以每个数据对象在一维数值空间中的序号作为键，将数据对象的索引分布到有组织P2P网络邻近的结点上，通过将HSFC中数据点的查找过程嵌入到有组织P2P网络的结点上，再利用网络的数据查找机制，MLSQ可方便地搜索到符合查询要求的数据对象。

The input method of multi-scale data and three levels data index are investigated, a new own idea about how to represent multi-scale seamless data is advanced. The viewpoints that seamless GIS is looked on surface of globe reference ellipsoid as spatial information positioning standard and looked on geographic coordinates as reference of spatial data storage are explored, and based on reference ellipsoid surface coordinate, the measurement model of distance, azimuth angle and area are given.(4) The flowchart of data production of seamless GIS is analyzed, on the basis of the program algorithm and the interactive processing of feature adjoining relation, the data production method of seamless GIS is discussed.

研究了无缝GIS多格式、多比例尺空间数据入库的模式，创新性地提出了用数据中间件模式解决GIS多源空间数据无缝集成的新方法，研究了多比例尺数据入库的方法和三级索引机制，并对无缝GIS数据的多尺度表示提出了自己的看法；阐述了无缝GIS以地球椭球面为空间信息定位的参考面、以地理坐标进行空间数据存储的观点，并给出了在椭球坐标系下的距离、方位角和面积度量模型。

Aerial image can be computed fairly fast by this method compared with the rigorous solution of the Hopkins equation, especially for the situation of many sparse aerial points which is often met in OPC application.

一个双线性光学系统分解成为一组空间域卷积核，并通过对版图的空间域卷积来计算空间光强。与采用Hopkins公式的SPLAT相比，这种方法能快速地计算空间光强。尤其对于大面积计算显得更为有效。

Since the above six are self-sufficient man likes to do the job, and the pursuit of self-worth, feel self-care, personal space, respect for another's privacy, pay attention to personal style and taste, do not follow the crowd, there is awareness of the law of "80 After "will consciously dislike these acts: for example, talk to others for no reason," 80 after the "more agreeable to the West are more concerned about the self-opinion, very few non-Road, concerned about others; such as, enjoy preaching others," 80后" from an early age from schools, parents, etc. too much preaching, preaching and therefore acts very much, resulting in antagonistic, their attention; For instance, to belittle the advantages of others,"80 after" consider embodies self-worth is not to derogate others premise, the more The more derogatory of others to explain their value enough, are their attractions; For instance, smoking in the office,"after 80" would be a focus on self and respect for others the organic integration of generation, because these two are not always contradictory, if that "after 80" only know that take care of their own convenience, on the wrong; such as, the mentality of not enough sunlight,"80后" feel self-care, therefore, delighted to do anything on an individual basis or as a premise, we think that good , but their psychological upset, does not endorse, they will not act in accordance with the meaning of the U.S., the ultimate manifestation of personal values on the individual feel, are their characteristics; For instance, loud make personal phone calls,"80, after" personal space, respect for others Privacy, therefore, in a public office area will be less and less to see the "80 after" unscrupulous people talking about the workplace their own affairs, the concept of privacy, especially popular in this generation will be reflected in the workplace in the past.

因为，上述6条都是不够自我的职场中人喜欢做的，而追求自我价值、在乎自我感受、重视个人空间、尊重他人隐私、讲究个人风格与品味、不随波逐流、有法律意识的"80后"会自觉地不喜欢这些行为：比如，无端议论他人，"80后"比较认同西方人较为关注自我的观点，很少道人是非，关注别人的事；比如，喜欢说教别人，"80后"从小受到来自学校、家长等的太多说教，因此对说教行为很反感，从而产生逆反，自己注意；比如，贬低别人优势，"80后"认为体现自我价值不是以贬损别人为前提的，越贬损别人越说明自己的价值不够，是他们的过人之处；比如，在办公区吸烟，"80后"将是注重自我和尊重别人有机结合的一代，因为这两者始终不矛盾，如果认为"80后"只知道照顾自己的方便，就大错特错了；比如，心态不够阳光，"80后"在乎自我感受，因此，任何事情是以个人高兴与否作为前提的，大家觉得好，但自己心理不高兴、不认可，便不会根据大家的意思行事，个人价值最终体现在个人感受上，是他们的特点；比如，大声打私人电话，"80后"重视个人空间、尊重他人隐私，因此，在公共办公区将越来越少地看到"80后"职场人肆无忌惮地谈论自己的事情，隐私的概念在这一代特别流行，将会体现到职场中来。

For more exact modeling population distribution condition and more expressly reflecting population spatial pattern in urban region,with the fifth census data of Shenyang City,in this paper we spatialize population data by using grid calculating,model population distribution by using Geo\|statistics,identify population pattern by using DEM models and analyze characters of population distribution.

为准确地模拟城市人口分布，清晰地反映城市人口分布格局，本文利用沈阳市第五次人口普查资料，采用网格计算方法空间化人口数据、地统计学的空间插值方法模拟人口分布。

However, it is convenient to identify and to recognize plots accompanied by GPS and GIS techniques, which can also display the spatial pattern of arbors precisely.

采用GPS与GIS技术结合，不但便于设置与恢复样地，而且还能够比较精确地展现样地空间特征及其中乔木的空间分布格局。

On the background of city and country space, on the basis of the ecosystem relations and plan theory (such as societal or economical sense theory), the concepts of city and country eco-planning in this thesis emphasized on the space planning combinated nature ecosystem. It was redound the relation between construction and entironment to be more harmonious on the background of market economy. The theory starts with the relation between development and environment. It applied itself to scheme the land and space resources with eco-cyb emetics.

论文中提出的城乡空间生态规划理论就是以城市与乡村整体空间为背景，以各种城乡生态关系为依据，在经济理性、社会理性等各种规划理论的基础上，强调物质空间建设与自然生态协同发展的空间规划，以期达到在以市场经济为主导的背景下更好地实现城乡建设与生态环境和谐的目的；是从城乡互动过程角度与环境的关系等方面进行辨识，沿用生态控制等理论与手法，对城乡空间资源进行配置的理论与方法。

Formly, HDR casts classification problems and regression problems into a unified regression problem. Clustering is performed in both output space and input space at each internal node, termed "doubly clustered" and discriminants in the input space are automatically derived from the clusters in the input space. A hierarchical probability distribution model is applied to the resulting discriminating subspace at each internal node.

在图像的分类和检索中，以前的层次判别回归方法把分类和回归统一成回归问题，在每个内部节点进行输入和输出空间的双聚类，输入空间的分类子空间可以自动从聚类中获得，再用层次概率分布模型计算判别子空间，这样就构成了输入空间由粗到精的概率分布，可以准确而且快速地实现高维数据的检索。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。