空间变化

The oscillation of the base level results in their relative variation of accommodation space and sedimentary alimentation. The variation rates of them have also changed, then lead to the difference of facies sequence, the degree of stratigraphic preservation and stacking pattern at the same territory in different ages, or the difference of phase area at different territories at the same age.

由於基准面的升降变化引起了可容纳空间与沉积物供给量的相对变化，相对应的可容纳空间变化率和沉积物供给率同时也发生变化，因而导致了在不同时期同一地区的地层在相序、保存程度和叠加样式上的差异，以及在同一时期内不同地区在相域上的差别。

Considering complicated conditions of the coastal dynamic environment, sediment dynamics, and together with the immature sediment itself, the predicted results will be somewhat limited if only with numerical model. So, in order to obtain microcosmic quantitative assessment and macroscopically understanding, numerical model is combined with field observations in the thesis. Firstly, the tidal current, SSC distribution, benthal deposited materials were basically analyzed by field observations. Then, the tidal current, SSC distribution, and the erosion and accumulation of the seabed were simulated with the numerical model of ECOMSED.

但由于海岸动力环境多变，泥沙运动复杂，加之泥沙问题本身的复杂性，如仅用数学模型，其预测结果将受到一定的限制，故本文采用实测调查与数学模型计算相结合的方法，宏观把握，微观量化，在掌握岚山港西突堤工程所在海域潮流、悬沙量分布、表层底质沉积物类型及特点基本态势的基础上，紧扣开发工程可能引起潮流场变化，分析工程后悬沙量、海底冲淤变化及其空间分布，进而建立潮流作用下的泥沙输运数学模型，首先比较好地模拟目前岚山港西突堤工程附近海域的潮流场和悬沙场，然后预测海湾沿岸可能引起的冲淤强度变化和冲淤区域的空间分布。

Faraday's law is that when the flux in the conductor loop changes, it produces electromotive force in the conductor loop, and obeys to contour integral law , Maxwell Curl Theory is that when the magnetic intensity of a certain point in ether space changes, there produces electric field at that point in ether space, which is the field mutual production theory of "electric field produces magnetic field and magnetic field produces electric field" in the free space which everybody is familiar with, and it obeys differential law , Lorentz magnetic force is that when metal electrons cut magnetic lines, metal electrons forced by move along the conductor to form inductive current, in fact, it doesn't matter whether coil moves or magnet moves, only if there exists relative motion between magnetic field and conductor, metal electrons must cut magnetic lines, which is,"coil stills while magnet moves to the left" and "magnet stills while coil moves to the right" these two situations are the same, which both belong to metal electrons having cut magnetic lines.

法拉第定律指导体环路里的磁通量发生变化时，在导体环路上产生电动势，而且服从围线积分律；麦克斯韦旋度理论指以太空间某点的磁场强度发生变化时，在以太空间的该点产生电场，即大家熟知的自由空间里"电场生磁场与磁场生电场"之互生场理论，而且服从微分律；洛伦兹磁力指金属电子切割磁力线时，金属电子受力沿着导体漂移而形成感应电流，其实，无论线圈运动或是磁铁运动，只要磁场与导体存在相对运动，则金属电子必然切割磁力线，即，"线圈静止而磁铁向左运动"与"磁铁静止而线圈向右运动"这两种情况是一样的，都属于金属电子切割了磁力线。

This thesis mainly discuss following issues, Theory and simple expressions for array covariance matrixes are derived when angular spread functions are symmetric distribution functions, i. e. the Uniform distribution, the Gauss distribution, the Laplace distribution and the Von Mises distribution, and a non-symmetric distribution function, i. e. the Gamma distribution. And the relation between the effective signal subspace and the array number, or and the nominal angle of the distributed source, the angular spread, the distributed functions, and the Signal-to-Noise Ratio is gained. The dimension of the effective signal subspace increases with increment of the array number. And it is more obvious to the non-symmetric distribution. The dimension of the effective signal subspace decreases with increment of the nominal angle. And the distributed source is equal to a point source as θ=π/2. The dimension of the effective signal subspace increases with increment of the angular spread.

本论文针对阵列信号处理中广泛存在的分布源现象，主要讨论了以下问题：推导了角度分布函数分别为对称的均匀分布、高斯分布、拉普拉斯分布、Von Mises分布和非对称的伽马分布时，分布源阵列接收信号协方差阵的严格模型和简化模型，得到了单个分布源的有效信号子空间随阵元数、分布源中心角、分布角、角度分布函数和信噪比的变化规律：随着阵元数的增加，对所有角度分布函数的有效信号子空间维数也随着增加，且非对称分布函数的有效信号子空间充满整个空间的可能性更大；随着分布源中心角逐步增加，有效信号子空间维数逐步减小，当θ=π/2时，等价于点源情形；随着分布源分布角逐渐加大，有效信号子空间维数也随之增加，直到有效信号子空间充满整个空间；随着信噪比的增加，有效信号子空间维数有一定程度的减少。

It will be made a richly form and changeable multimedia art space, no matter the composition way or the movement of the picture element.

再次，空间要素如光影、色彩的变化，也会引起多媒体艺术空间的变化，最大程度的加强其空间表现力。

The results prove that the method is prompter than the conventional ones and reduces the amount of work greatly. Moreover, when the DB is connected with regional information system, it is possible to make a study on the changing characteristics of regional land use through quantity change, and to find out the laws on the dynamic changes of spatial distribution and type of land use by land use maps.

结果表明与传统调查方法相比速度快，工作量大大减少，且把数据库与区域信息系统连接或被调用，不仅可以通过数值的变化，研究区域土地利用状况的变化特征，还可以从图形上体现出土地利用类型的空间分布规律，以及空间分布的动态变化情况。

Angular spectral is spectral value map formed by estimating semblable coefficients of fast and slow shear wave or the variation of amplitude ratio of fast and slow shear wave with times and angles at a specified space point based on semblable theory of fast and slow shear wave, the angle value of this space point at a given time can be got by picking the maximum of angular spectral; the study reveals that fast and slow shear wave with different polarization direction should be separated using different rotation formula, eight formulas of separating fast and slow shear wave using clockwise rotation and counterclockwise rotation have been derived, and gained energy assignment rule and phase coincidence rule, in real data estimation, the rotation formula used for separating fast and slow shear wave can be uniquely determined on the two discriminating rules. On the basis of semblable theory of fast and slow shear wave, the delay time corresponding to the maximum of semblable coefficients at a specified point in a given time window is the delay time of fast and slow shear wave, delay time section of fast and slow shear wave can be got by moving space point and smoothing time window. The vertical variation values of delay time of fast and slow shear wave reflect the effect degree of vertical fractured reservoir on fast and slow shear wave which is defined as anisotropic coefficient, and section map of anisotropic coefficient can be obtained.

角度谱就是利用快慢横波的相似性原理，在某一空间点求出快慢横波的相似系数或快慢横波的振幅比值随着时间和角度的变化而形成的谱值图，拾取其极大值就得到该空间点某一时间的角度值；在研究中发现分离不同偏振方向的快慢横波应该采用不同的旋转公式，推导出了利用顺时针旋转和逆时针旋转分离快慢横波的八个公式，并给出了能量分配准则和相位一致性准则两个判别准则，在实际计算中利用这两个判别准则能唯一地确定分离快慢横波的旋转公式；根据快慢横波的相似性原理，在某一给定点和给定时窗内最大相似系数对应的延迟时间就是快慢横波的延迟时间，随着空间点的移动和时窗的滑动就可以得到快慢横波延迟时间的剖面图；快慢横波延迟时间与慢横波传播时间的比值定义为裂缝密度，并求出了裂缝密度剖面图；快慢横波延迟时间纵向上的变化值的大小反映了纵向上裂隙层对快慢横波影响的大小，定义为各向异性系数，并求出了各向异性系数的剖面图。

The numerical calculation shows that the space distibution of the electromagnetic field in each sub-micro-layer changes with the varing transmission depth in the relief grating, the space distribution in each sub-micro-layer is uniformer than that in isotropic grating and the optical parameters of the anisotropic relief grating and the incident beam have a large impact on the space distribution of the electromagnetic field in relief grating and so on.

数值计算表明，光波场光强的空间分布随透射深度的变化而变化，各向异性介质光栅体内光波场的空间分布相对各向同性介质要均匀，光栅材料的性质参数和光束的入射参数对光波场光强的空间分布有较大的影响等。

Taking Changling County, Zhenlai County and Da'an City of Jilin Province as researchareas, based on remote sensing data, graphics operation and spatial analysis are carried out indifferent points of views, including temporal, spatial, scale and landscapeetc; all aspects analysis of this dissertation are abstractively expressed by digital graphics andseries of curves which are not stick to one pattern to discussing multi-dimension andcomplicated attributes of the salinized process. Linking up temporal-spatial characteristicswith landscape indices while combining mathematics model and Geo-informatic TUPUmodel, this dissertation puts forward the fundamental frame: temporal-spatial evolvementpattern, spatial extension process analysis and landscape characteristics analysis of salinizedland. Temporal-spatial evolvement pattern analysis extracts the essential quantity features andtransformation modes of salinized land, and also analyzes patches spatial geometricalparameters scale feature; spatial extending process analysis discusses the change rate andecological modes; landscape feature analysis utilizes landscape graphics indices to describesalinized land microcosmic graphics features and changes.

信息图谱模型为土地盐碱化研究提供了一种谱系化、定量化与定位化相结合的研究方法，本文选取吉林省西部盐碱化典型区域长岭县、镇赉县、大安市作为研究区，以遥感影像为基础数据，在GIS技术支持下，从时空变化、尺度效应、景观特征等多个角度对盐碱化土地进行图形运算、空间分析，通过不拘一格的数字化图形、曲线系列抽象表达出不同维度上的特征与规律，探讨土地盐碱化过程的多维性与复杂性，将盐碱化土地时空特征与景观特征衔接、数学模型与图谱模型结合，以盐碱化土地时空演变基本模式、空间扩展过程和景观特征分析为框架构建盐碱化土地信息图谱模型研究体系，发挥图谱模型数据挖掘、知识发现的特长，将宏观动态变化与微观特征相联系，进一步挖掘土地盐碱化过程与人类活动影响的关系，为探索研究区盐碱化土地成因、过程，预测其未来发展变化趋势及其对环境影响提供相关科学依据。

As a result, the model of low-frequency aberration induced by Nd:glass amplifiers is got. On the base of low-frequency aberration model some results are achieved such as the tendency of focal spot size changing as the RMS phase gradient changes and the characteristics for the scale length. 3. The simulation model of the beamline is set up and the propagating process is analyzed in the beamline. The correlation coefficient of two wavefronts is newly used to describe and estimate the adding result of them.

建立了求空间尺度的数学模型，并运用此模型对现有的放大片透射波前进行了分析，得出了多程系统中所用钕玻璃放大片引入的低频位相误差的空间尺度分布，并据此建立了模拟放大片低频位相误差的随机位相屏模型，在此基础上对焦斑大小随位相分布RMS梯度变化而变化的规律及空间尺度的特性进行了模拟研究； 3。

By using competitive adsorption of activated carbom to remove unfavorable influence of carbon in carbonaceous gold concentrate on leaching process, the leaching rate of gold concentrate can be improved to 88% as compared with 10%by direct cyanidation.

本文论述了利用活性炭竞争吸附作用，消除含炭金精矿中炭在浸出过程中的影响，使金精矿的浸出率可由直接氰化的10％提高到88％。

The only thing you're ever gonna be king of is King of the Stupids!

你只配做傻瓜的国王！