空间化

The spatial narrative structures in Calvino's fictions can be divided into three types :"the building of two worlds "is the main way in the earlier writing phase of Neorealist and Fairy tale .Dimidiation and mergence is the art feature .It signs that the sense of the world and the creative ideas of the writer start to form;"Synchrony and Juxtaposition "and "Crystal pattern "are the prominent characteristics during his Postmodernism writings phase. The writer takes the complex and diverse form of space art, such as segments、juxtaposition、defamiliarization、crystal's combination and derivatives, ect. to represent the essence of the world, and to exprsee the writer's confusion and efforts to understand and build a sense of it.

卡尔维诺小说的空间叙事结构具有阶段性，可以分为三种不同的类型："两个世界的构建"是早期新现实主义和童话寓言创作阶段的主要方法，二分和弥合是其艺术特点，标志作家世界感和创作观念开始形成；"共时并置"和"晶体模式"则是后现代主义小说创作时期的突出特征，作家以片断、并置、陌生化、晶体组合衍生等复杂多样的空间化艺术形式来表现世界的本质以及自身理解世界、构建意义的困惑和努力。

Under the thoughts of mass culture and post-modernization, time in stories has been becoming fragment and extensity. The point of these novels is to doubt existence and deny the meaning of life.

进入大众文化和后现代主义的语境，时间在作品中表现为零碎化和空间化，这一阶段小说的意识特点转而成为对存在的怀疑，这个怀疑连带否决了生命本身的意义，过去现在和未来在新写实小说中没有什么本质上的差异，他们写现在是为了说明：无味的现实表征了人生的一种命定。

Study on the driving forces of land use/cover temporal-spatial change. On the basis of the systematical study on natural and social-ecomic factors including climate, population, technology and affluence status etc. during the past 50 years in this area, the multivariate statistics simulation models of LUCC were developed for two periods of 1950's-1980's and 1986-2000 respectively. Then, the Thiesson polygon method was used to the spatial allocation of soci-economic factors, thereby the spatial relationship between land use degree change and socieconomic factor variation was detected within GIS. Based on the analysis of the integrative characters in different geographical divisions, the electivity index was employed to describe the possible impacts of the natural landscape structure on spatial differentiation of land use transition. At last, correlation analysis between major roads and the distribution of land use change was made.

分析近50年气候资料和人文因子在不同年代的变化特点，系统地研究了气温和降水等自然因子和人口、农牧业发展、经济状况等人文因子对区域土地利用变化的影响；从时间序列的角度分析了50年代至80年代初和80年代中期至2000年两个时段土地利用／土地覆被变化的驱动因子，在相关分析的基础上，分时段建立了区域土地利用／覆被变化的自然-人文影响统计诊断模型；针对不同经济类型区选择典型县，分析近15年土地利用变化外在人文驱动力的区域相似性和差异性；尝试以THIESSEN多边形方法进行社会经济统计数据的空间化处理，探讨了土地利用程度变化与人文因素变化的空间相关关系；以优先指数模型和土地利用类型转化率与距交通干线距离的相关模型分析了景观自然与人文结构对土地利用空间转化过程的影响。

Based on the established quantitative population density - land use model, the spatialization of population census data in Sichuan in 1999 was carried out.

根据这一关系对四川省1999年的市县人口统计数据进行空间化，用罗江县的实际乡镇人口数据对空间化结果进行检验。

Terrestrial ecological information ; spatialization technology ; climatic characteristic value ; climatic factor ; spatial database ; data resource management

陆地生态信息；空间化技术；气候值；气候要素；空间数据库；数据资源管理

A series of analysis of spatialization of statistics based on GIS have been carried out, and spatial autocorrelation model is emphasized. The model is used to study the increment of GDP per person of each province in China in the periods of 1978-1990 and 1990-2000, and the spatial feature and mutual-effect theory of region economy are disclosed.

基于GIS进行了系列空间化统计信息分析，重点将空间自相关分析模型应用于我国1978-1990和1990-2000两个时段省级人均GDP增量变化的研究，揭示出我国区域经济的空间结构形态与相互作用规律。

In this paper, the case study- the spatialization of China's population at the county level in the country scale can, on one side, obtain the population density of all kinds of terrain features across China. On the other side, the population density data at the county level can be integrated with environment data and social-economic data to generate 1-km grid data sets of average population density, average capacity of natural resources and others derived from environment data. And these data could be useful to monitor China's resource management, population dynamics and so on. The example study has demonstrated a plausible method of wisely using discrete point data to carry out some practical studies.

本文通过全国县级行政单位人口数据的空间化过程，一方面可以重新得到各种类型区人口居住密度的预设值或经验值；另一方面，可以将空间化后的人口数据与其他自然资源、环境数据和社会经济等数据进行有效的融合，将能得到1km格网的人均自然资源占有量、人口密度以及其他经济、环境指标的派生数据信息，这对于我们国家的自然资源管理和宏观调控、人口的动态监测等，均具有重要的实际意义。

Discrete point data can be applied with other GIS data to address some specific questions in our researches. But how to spatialize the discrete point data has been a question itself.

5离散点数据的连续空间化问题一直是将某些社会经济离散点数据与其他地理空间数据相结合，应用于各项实际研究的瓶颈问题。

For more exact modeling population distribution condition and more expressly reflecting population spatial pattern in urban region,with the fifth census data of Shenyang City,in this paper we spatialize population data by using grid calculating,model population distribution by using Geo\|statistics,identify population pattern by using DEM models and analyze characters of population distribution.

为准确地模拟城市人口分布，清晰地反映城市人口分布格局，本文利用沈阳市第五次人口普查资料，采用网格计算方法空间化人口数据、地统计学的空间插值方法模拟人口分布。

The spatial narrative structures in Calvino's fictions can be divided into three types :"the building of two worlds "is the main way in the earlier writing phase of Neorealist and Fairy tale .Dimidiation and mergence is the art feature .It signs that the sense of the world and the creative ideas of the writer start to form;"Synchrony and Juxtaposition "and "Crystal pattern "are the prominent characteristics during his Postmodernism writings phase. The writer takes the complex and diverse form of space art, such as segments、juxtaposition、defamiliarization、crystal's combination and derivatives, ect. to represent the essence of the world, and to exprsee the writer's confusion and efforts to understand and build a sense of it.

卡尔维诺小说的空间叙事结构具有阶段性，可以分为三种不同的类型：&两个世界的构建&是早期新现实主义和童话寓言创作阶段的主要方法，二分和弥合是其艺术特点，标志作家世界感和创作观念开始形成；&共时并置&和&晶体模式&则是后现代主义小说创作时期的突出特征，作家以片断、并置、陌生化、晶体组合衍生等复杂多样的空间化艺术形式来表现世界的本质以及自身理解世界、构建意义的困惑和努力。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。