空载运行

Based on the systematic analyses of the applications and developments of step motor, the driving technique of step motor are analyzed in this paper, and upon these statements, a mathematical model of VR step motor is built. With this model, the coil current of step motor with chopping driver and the non-loaded starting frequency are simulated for the base of designing of step motor servo system.

本文在系统分析了步进电机应用和发展的基础上，对步进电机的驱动技术作了详尽的论述，建立了三相反应式步进电动机的数学模型，并利用该模型对斩波驱动的步进电机绕组电流及空载运行的启动频率等进行了仿真，为步进电机驱动系统的设计提供了依据。

This working area is composed of a family of curves of the practical raising frequency—raising voltage on the power amplifier bridge when the motor working from non—load to full—load, the value of which influences the operation characteristic of motor.

工作区是由电机从空载到满载运行时功放桥上获得的实际的升频升压曲线族组成，它的大小影响着电机的运行特性。

Hook empty-load, outward travel at low speed and extreme position limiting at max radius is 5m jib(outward R=50m,inward R=7.5m), enable one switch of the radius limiter(outward and inward travel is controlled by its parting limiter switch), when the trolleying to and extreme position limiting at max radius, enable another limiter switch(ourward and inward limiter switch), then trolley stop travel, when travel it again, the trolley just travel in the center of the jib frame.

4.4.3 幅度限位器调整(结构调整方法见外购件说明书) adjusting method for radiuslimiter(the procedures is shown as the outsourcing instructions)(1)吊钩空载，以低速档运行，向外行至距最大幅度处5 米时(向外时 R=50 米，向内时 R=7.5 米)，幅度限位器中的一个开关恰好动作(向外，向内分别由一个限位开关控制)，当小车行至最大幅度时，另外一个限位开关动作，小车停止运行，再启动时，小车只能往臂架中央运行。

Then, we can simulate its transient, static process with no load, full load, shock load and parametric change using MATLAB Artificial Toolbox and the M－File. Also, we can analyze and discuss the gained oscillogram.

本设计完成了在机组空载运行、满载运行、突加负载和突卸负载运行时，以及在改变系统参数的情况下的计算机仿真研究，并讨论了参数对系统的影响。

According to the requirements of economic operation transformer if capacity choices too small will cause transformer overload operation may lead to transformer burned; choice if too much capacity a "big Kumaratunga car" phenomenon can not make full use of transformer capacity unladen loss increase .

根据变压器经济运行的要求，如果容量选择太小，会引起变压器超负荷运行，可能导致变压器烧毁；如果容量选择太大，出现"大马拉小车"现象，变压器容量不能充分利用，空载损耗增加。

In the chapter 7, a new type of highly reliable and multifunctional hydroturbine microcomputer-based governing system is studied and developed; the structure design principle of microcomputer-based system is described and discussed; based on the adaptive control strategy with optimized PID parameter, a combined control strategy of frequency and phase with variable weighting factor is presented; in the design of hardware and software, the fault diagnosis, fault tolerance and fault avoidance techniques are adopted, and the suitability and reliability are greatly improved.

第七章研究开发了一种新型的高可靠多功能水轮机微机调节系统，论述了微机系统的结构设计原理，在适应式PID参数优化调节控制策略的基础上，提出了机组空载运行时的变权系数频率和相位综合控制策略；在微机调节控制器的硬软件设计中，全面应用了故障诊断技术、容错处理和避错处理技术，大大提高了整个系统的适应能力和可靠性。

The VSCF DFIG wind power generation is transient response proceeding, which is influenced by operation characteristics of generator before and after grid connected. A novel S-Function is adopted to describe the mathematic model of DFIG based on state equation. A complete simulation model of VSCF DFIG wind power generation system based on MATLAB/Simulink and SimPowerSystems is established, which can be used to not only simulate subsystems of no-load operation and generation operation, as well as can be used to but also accurate control parameters of DFIG in simulation. The simulation model have excellent transportability, and can be used DFIG of different power rated if only design relevant controller.

变速恒频双馈电机风力发电是一个受并网前后发电机运行状况影响的暂态过程，利用MATLAB的S-Function编写DFIG的仿真程序，然后结合Simulink和SimPowerSystems工具箱，开发了基于S-Function的空载运行和发电运行的变速恒频双馈电机风力发电子系统模型，在仿真过程中可对双馈电机进行精确控制，然后对其进行了系统整合，本文开发的模型具有可移植性，只要再设计相应的控制器，就可应用于不同功率等级的双馈电机风力发电系统。

The author made a simulation model in Matlab/Simulink, and did simulation in several conditions such as no load, integrating with power grid, independently modulation of the active and reactive power and capture of the maximum wind power. The simulation results show that analysis is right and have very important guidance signification on experimental systems.

在此基础上，以Matlab/Simulink为工具，建立了系统仿真模型，进行了发电机空载运行、并网、有功、无功功率独立调节、最大风能捕获运行等工况的仿真研究，仿真结果证明理论分析正确，对系统的实验研究具有一定的理论指导意义。

In the actual manufacturing with NC machine, in order to check whether the parts design and the cutting route are right or not, generally it is tested by examing how the tool and work plane will move with the input NC programme and without an actual part. Once the movement does not match the prescribed process, there must be a change to the design graphics and the NC programme, and then test again, until the tested one matches the requirements. This inevitably leads to the waste of manpower and time, so it is necessary to make a computer simulation to realize the fastness and preciseness of the movement and path of the machine.

哈尔滨工程大学硕士学位论文实际数控生产中，为了验证图纸的设计及其工艺路线是否正确，在正式加工前，经常让机床在输入编制好的NC程序后空载运行，以观察刀具及工作台是否能按预期的要求运动，一旦不合乎要求，则须反复对程序和图纸进行修改，这势必造成人力、物力的浪费，因此有必要对刀具和工作台的运动过程及其轨迹进行仿真，以便及时、准确地进行正式加工。

After successful starting, the control box will control the switch of the ATS to switch electric circuits of power supply.

从电网发生故障到备用机组向用电设备供电的时间为8-12S ，在市电恢复正常后，控制箱控制转换开关再次切换供电电路，恢复由电网供电，同时控制发动机空载运行发动机温度平衡并降低后，自动停机。

I will endeavour to find you some assistance.

我尽力帮你找人帮忙。

At first I only know bruck is the idol of American younglings, afterwards I returned back to Taiwan ,even in Beijing last year ,I saw her poster everywhere, I was so surprised at her charm.

起初我只晓得布鲁克雷德丝是美国少男少女崇拜的偶像，后来回台湾，甚至去年在北京，居然也四处看见她的海报，才惊讶她的魅力之大。