空气动力学的

Function of air valve for water hammer protection is analyzed with method of characteristics through practical engineering example.

针对长距离有压输水系统的特点，从基本的空气动力学方程入手，分析推导了空气阀的数学模型，并采用水锤计算的特征线方法，进行了空气阀水锤防护的实例分析。

Using affordable technologies such as improved aerodynamics, various electronic tweaks and low-resistance tyres, Ford's new Focus and VW's new Polo have CO2 emissions comparable to Toyota's Prius hybrid.

采用了改进过的空气动力学技术，多种电子扭转技术以及低电阻技术，福特的新型 Focus 和大众的新款 Polo 的二氧化碳排放量甚至可以和丰田的普瑞斯混合动力车相媲美。

On the basis of shock wave characteristic of the supersonic projectile and the detailed analysis of measured datas,a method of decomposing and reconstructing the trajectory shock wave signal and muzzle blast wave signal is proposed and the characteristic parameters for positioning sound source and calculating trajectory vector with regular tetrahedron detection array are extracted.

根据空气动力学原理，在阐述超音速弹丸的弹道波特性的基础上，通过详细分析实测的声信号，提出了弹道波信号和枪口冲击波信号的小波分解和重构方法，提取了利用正四面体探测基阵进行声源定位和弹道矢量计算的特征参数，获得了满意的实验结果。

In this study, based on the Rnl, extinction coefficient k, transition coefficient of canopy layer stomatic resistance K', aerodynamics resistance ra and rc calculated with the data of Rn, LAI, rsi, the daily transpiration variation of Picea purpurea, Larix principisrupprechtii, Hippophae rhamnoides ,Betula platyphylla and Populus cathayana were studied in Datong County, Qinghai Province. Comparing with the practical transpiration variation measured by Li1600 Steady Porometer, the relative error of this model was less than ±15%, and the results were stabilized and tested by precision analysis.

本研究通过对Rn、LAI、rsi的实地观测，确定了林冠截流净辐射、消光系数、冠层阻力转换系数、空气动力学阻力和冠层整体气孔阻力，对青海大通地区紫果云杉、华北落叶松、沙棘、白桦和青杨的日蒸腾过程进行了模拟，与用快速称重法订正的Li1600稳态气孔仪实测蒸腾结果对比，模拟的相对误差在±15%以内；模型敏感性分析发现，温度、LAI以及rsi是决定模拟结果的主要参数，模型对各参数变化反应不敏感。

The final coated particle exiting from the condenser is then introduced into the aerodynamic particle sizer spectrometer or home-built aerosol laser time-of-flight mass spectrometer, and its aerodynamic size directly effects on the matrix to analyte molar ratio, which is very important for MALDI technique.

利用自行研制的蒸发/冷凝实验装置作为基质辅助激光解吸/电离飞行时间质谱仪的特种接口，通过冷凝方式在线添加基质，冷凝管出口处的最终粒子直接引入空气动力学粒径分析仪或自行研制的飞行时间质谱仪，可对实验室产生的生物气溶胶粒子进行实时检测。

As part of their aero update for Barcelona, Toyota included two wider-than-normal winglets on either side of the TF108's nosecone. In principle, these are similar to the 'elephant ear' nose wings adopted by Honda.

作为巴塞罗那站升级的空气动力学套件的一部分，丰田在TF108 前鼻椎的两边使用了比正常略宽的小翼，原则上，这些套件类似于被本田采用的'象耳朵'鼻子翅膀。

To solve the aerodynamic problems resulted from high-speed trains when they pass through a tunnel, a model experiment system for high-speed trains was set up on the basis of analyzing the relative present experiment systems at home and abroad, and its similarity rule s were derived.

为了解决高速列车进出隧道引起的空气动力学问题，基于对目前国内外高速列车模型试验研究现状的分析，建立了模型列车速度可达100m/s的压缩空气式高速列车模型试验系统，并导出了模型试验的相似准则。

To solve the aerodynamic problems resulted from high-speed trains when they pass through a tunnel, a model experiment system for high-speed trains was set up on the basis of analyzing the relative present experiment systems at home and abroad, and its similarity rules were derived. In this system, compressed air is used to impel a model train, and the speed of this train speed can reach 70 m/s.

为了解决高速列车进出隧道引起的空气动力学问题，基于对目前国内外高速列车模型试验研究现状的分析，建立了模型列车速度可达100 m/s的压缩空气式高速列车模型试验系统，并导出了模型试验的相似准则。

The vertical, neon-lit taillamps blend style with functionality, too, as their finned shape was designed to make the Provoq as aerodynamically efficient as possible.

垂直，霓虹的尾灯风格与功能结合，也为他们的翅片形状，目的是使尽可能的空气动力学效率的Provoq。

By utilizing the micrometeorology data of net radiation, soil heat flux, and CO2 concentration at two heights, temperature, relative humidity, and wind speed measured by the Japanese and Chinese cooperation team at Naiman District of Inner Mongolia, this paper presents a study of the characteristics of CO2 flux and concentration from different ecosystems (namely dune, grassland, light grazing site, medium grazing site, heavy grazing site, maize field and soybean field).

本文利用1993～1994年日本国家农业环境研究所与中国科学院沙漠研究所合作在内蒙古奈曼地区实测的7种不同生态系统（沙丘、轻度放牧草原、中度放牧草原、重度放牧草原、无放牧草原、玉米田和大豆田）的净辐射、土壤热通量、两个高度的CO2浓度、温度、湿度和风速等资料，采用空气动力学方法，计算了CO2通量及其与环境和人为干扰因子的关系，并分析了不同下垫面的光合作用特征。

With Death guitarist Schuldiner adopting vocal duties, the band made a major impact on the scene.

随着死亡的吉他手Schuldiner接受主唱的职务，乐队在现实中树立了重要的影响。

But he could still end up breakfasting on Swiss-government issue muesli because all six are accused of nicking around 45 million pounds they should have paid to FIFA.

不过他最后仍有可能沦为瑞士政府&议事餐桌&上的一道早餐，因为这所有六个人都被指控把本应支付给国际足联的大约4500万英镑骗了个精光。