稳定剂

Some new heat stabilizers were exploited such as rare earth, organic antimony , autunite/zinc compounds, hydrotalcite and so on.

随着环保意识的逐渐加强，传统的PVC热稳定剂如铅盐类稳定剂已受到了一定的限制，相应地开发出了一系列新型的PVC热稳定剂，包括稀土类、有机锑类、钙锌复合类和水滑石类热稳定剂。

The results showed the synergistic effect was the best when epoxidized soybean oil was used as auxiliary heat stabilizer;β-diketone could restrain the early coloring up effectively; when non-lead and non-tin thermal stabilizers were used as main stabilizer, and houghite as auxiliary heat stabilizer, the stability of rigid PVC was improved perfectly, which showed great potentialities in its development.

结果表明：环氧大豆油作为辅助热稳定剂时，与各种主稳定剂的协效作用最好；β-二酮在抑制初期着色方面表现优异；以无铅无锡型为主稳定剂、水滑石为辅助稳定剂时，硬质PVC的热稳定性能有很大提高，因而有着很大的发展潜力。

The stable mechanism and development trend of a novel and high effective hindered amine light stabilizer are introduced, with the emphasis on the synergistic effects of HALS with other additives.

摘要介绍了新型高效光稳定剂－受阻胺光稳定剂的稳定机理、发展趋势和应用，探讨了此类稳定剂与其它助剂共同使用的效果。

The results showed that the light stabilizer BHW1 by adding component chelating metal ion in HALS complex had better light stability and balanced performance than other HALS complex .

实验表明：引入金属离子螯合剂组成的复合光稳定体系BHW 1在农用聚烯烃棚膜中应用效果良好，具有更为均衡的光、热稳定性能；自然曝晒实验和大田实验证明复合受阻胺光稳定剂的光稳定性能优于单组份光稳定剂，光稳定剂复合化是聚烯烃防老化最有成效的解决方式之一。

This has led to development of a series of low toxic and innoxious thermal stabilizers including mainly dust-free compounded lead salts, calcium/zinc compounds,organic stannum,rare earths,organic stibium,hydrotalcite etc.

随着环保意识的逐渐加强，传统的PVC热稳定剂如粉末状铅盐稳定剂、钡/镉类稳定剂受到了一定的限制，目前已相应地开发出了一系列低毒、无毒型热稳定剂，主要包括无尘复合铅盐类、复合钙/锌类、有机锡类、稀土类、有机锑类、水滑石类等。

Decoloring and Spectral Properties Analysis of Innoxious Ultraviolet Absorbents;2. This has led to development of a series of low toxic and innoxious thermal stabilizers including mainly dust-free compounded lead salts, calcium/zinc compounds,organic stannum,rare earths,organic stibium,hydrotalcite etc.

随着环保意识的逐渐加强，传统的PVC热稳定剂如粉末状铅盐稳定剂、钡/镉类稳定剂受到了一定的限制，目前已相应地开发出了一系列低毒、无毒型热稳定剂，主要包括无尘复合铅盐类、复合钙/锌类、有机锡类、稀土类、有机锑类、水滑石类等。

Based on the investigation of the transesterification between dimethyl sebacate and 1,2,2,6,6-pentamethyl-4-piperinol, the synthetic technologies of Tinuvin292 and Tinuvin 765 were established. The two kinds of hindered amine light stabilizers were obtained in the yield of 93.3% and 92.4% respectively and qualified as the advanced level of the kindred overseas products.2. The synthetic technology of Tinuvin123 was studied and established. Using 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperinol as the starting material, the product was synthesized successfully through oxidation, free-radical reaction and transesterification in overall yield of 57.6%.

本文研究建立了三个受阻胺类光稳定剂的合成工艺，探索了聚合型受阻胺类光稳定剂生产过程中不溶性副产物产生的原因，并设计、合成了一系列具有抑菌活性的新型受阻胺类光稳定剂。1、在研究癸二酸二甲酯与1，2，2，6，6-五甲基哌啶醇的酯交换反应的基础上，建立了受阻胺类光稳定剂Tinuvin292、Tinuvin765的合成工艺，分别以93.3%和92.4%的收率得到了光稳定剂Tinuvin292、Tinuvin765，所得产品质量达到了国外同类产品的水平。2、研究建立了受阻胺类光稳定剂Tinuvin123的合成工艺。

The synthetic technologies of three hindered amine light stabilizers were established, the reason for the insoluble side products formed in the production of polymerized hindered amine light stabilizers were studied, and a series of novel hindered amine light stabilizers with antibacterial properties were designed and synthesized in this present paper.1. Based on the investigation of the transesterification between dimethyl sebacate and 1,2,2,6,6-pentamethyl-4-piperinol, the synthetic technologies of Tinuvin292 and Tinuvin 765 were established. The two kinds of hindered amine light stabilizers were obtained in the yield of 93.3% and 92.4% respectively and qualified as the advanced level of the kindred overseas products.2. The synthetic technology of Tinuvin123 was studied and established.

本文研究建立了三个受阻胺类光稳定剂的合成工艺，探索了聚合型受阻胺类光稳定剂生产过程中不溶性副产物产生的原因，并设计、合成了一系列具有抑菌活性的新型受阻胺类光稳定剂。1、在研究癸二酸二甲酯与1，2，2，6，6-五甲基哌啶醇的酯交换反应的基础上，建立了受阻胺类光稳定剂Tinuvin292、Tinuvin765的合成工艺，分别以93.3%和92.4%的收率得到了光稳定剂Tinuvin292、Tinuvin765，所得产品质量达到了国外同类产品的水平。2、研究建立了受阻胺类光稳定剂Tinuvin123的合成工艺。

Compound lead salt stabilizer to further enhance the thermal stability in order to reduce the amount of resin in the unit: Organic tin heat stabilizer dibutyltin in greater toxicity, are not suitable for plastic heat stabilizer; Mercaptans by organotin anti - Cu-poor, it is not appropriate in the wire, cable products, but no contact for copper products is no problem; lead salt-type heat stabilizer in most industrial countries are being banned or restricted.

复合铅盐稳定剂应进一步提升热稳定性能，以减少在树脂中的单位用量：有机锡热稳定剂中的二丁基锡毒性较大，不适宜用作塑料热稳定剂；硫醇类有机锡因抗铜性差，不适宜在电线、电缆制品中使用，但用于不接触铜的制品是没有问题的；铅盐类热稳定剂在大多数工业发达国家正在被禁用或限用。

On the bases of absorption spectra measurements, it is shown that stabilizer is beneficial to the stability of J-aggregate of sensitizing dye Results of reflection spectra and spectral-exposure experiments demonstrate that spectra absorbance are greatly affected by the adding order of stabilizer and sensitizing dye and only stabilizer added after dye can advantage for J-aggregate of sensitizing dye neatly forming on the surface of silver chloride grain and its absorbance be available ESR experiments show that the addition of stabilizers can decrease the number of dye positive hole and accelerate the decay of it Then desensitization aroused by the recombination of dye positive hole with photoelectron and/or latent image center, was reduced at the presence of the stabilizers

通过溶液光谱实验说明稳定剂有利于染料J聚集体的稳定性；反射光谱实验和光谱曝光实验证明稳定剂与染料的添加次序对乳剂的光吸收有很大的影响，只有稳定剂在染料之后加才有利于染料在AgCl颗粒上排列整齐形成J聚集态及其光吸收；ESR实验结果说明稳定剂的加入可以降低染料正空穴的浓度及其衰减速率，使乳剂中染料正空穴减少，从而抑制了染料正空穴引起的减感作用。因此可以认为稳定剂的超增感作用：一是有利于染料形成J聚集态及乳剂的光吸收；二是降低染料正空穴的浓度，从而抑制染料的减感。同时还提出了染料与稳定剂的增感吸附模型。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。