税法

With the mercerization of the economy and the increasing internationalization, China's accounting reform and tax reform has been to deepen. In this process, the difference between financial accounting and tax accounting becomes bigger and bigger. The enforcement of Accounting Standards for Business Enterprises and Enterprise Income Tax Law make the new difference appear.

随着我国经济市场化和国际化的日益加强，会计改革和税制改革也在不断地深化，在这一过程中，基于会计准则的财务会计与基于税法的税务会计之间的差异呈现日益扩大的趋势。2007年新《企业会计准则》的实施和2008年新《企业所得税法》的实施使得财务会计与税务会计确认、计量方面出现新的差异。

Because our country executes is tax will be separated model, thus determine the tax on taxable profit in the confirmation and accounting, between many differences, must have permanent differences also has difference, the timing of the long-term equity investment difference compared to the equity method to control, because when the accounting of a long-term equity investment measured by employing the equity method under the condition of a long-term equity investment obtained from the disposal to every link existing accounting and tax laws are not consistent.

由于我国实行的是税会分离模式，因此税法上在确定应纳税所得额和会计在确认利润的时候，二者之间必然有很多的差异，既有永久性的差异也有时间性的差异，长期股权投资权益法导致的差异比较难以把握，因为当会计对长期股权投资采用权益法核算的情况下从取得长期股权投资到最后的处置每一个环节都存在会计处理和税法规定不相一致的地方。

Pursuant to the principles and spirit of the Enterprise Income Tax Law of the People's Republic of China (hereinafter referred as "Enterprise Income Tax Law") and the Rules for the Implementation of Enterprise Income Tax Law of the People's Republic of China (hereinafter referred as "Implementation Rules"), we hereby notify you as follows of several issues related to the recognition of enterprise income tax revenues

根据《中华人民共和国企业所得税法》及《中华人民共和国企业所得税法实施条例》规定的原则和精神，现对确认企业所得税收入的若干问题通知如下

The 11th accounting standards has standardised the accountant processes ofthe stock payment, but the tax treatment of the stock payment has not been standardised in the obtained tax law, which is a scotoma of the tax law of China.

我国新会计准则第11号对股份支付的会计处理8tTt8进行了规范，但股份支付的税务处理8tTt8尚未写入所得税法，成为我国税法的一个盲点。

On the other hand the tax progression is not necessary based on the ability-to-pay principle.

量能课税原则虽为基本原则，仍在社会目的之税法规范与简化目的之税法规范中，受到限制。

This article first has carried on the outline to the enterprise accounting system and the tax law, has been clear about between them the relations and the difference, because has the difference, is easy to cause tax source draining, creates the tax payment adjustment project to increase, affects the government document the authority, tax payment both sides is easy to cause the dispute, and arbitrates with difficulty.

摘要本文主要研究我国企业会计制度与税法对企业日常经济活动的影响，它们之间的关系和差异。由于有差异的存在，给国家和企业带来了一系列的问题。在以市场趋向的经济体制改革逐步深入，我国加入WTO，会计体系逐步与国际接轨的形势下，这些差异被进一步扩大。处理企业会计制度与税法之间的差异，是当前企业急需解决的问题。

But when the article deals with the idiographic genre of the tax-law contract, the author infixes to the best of his abilities to studies hairlike relation and difference between systems.

此外，本文中有关私法向公法渗透的表现、税法合同与税收法定主义的关系以及税法合同的救济等内容都具有一定的新意。

The important foreign trade laws developed in the first stage include Navigation Acts, Embargo Act, the Tariff Act of 1816, Mckinley Tariff Act, Dingley Tariff Act, Underwood Tariff Act, the Anti-Dumping Act of 1916 and the Tariff Act of 1930. The important laws in the second stage are the 1934 Reciprocal Trade Agreement Act and the Trade Expansion Act of 1962. The ones in the third stage are the 1974 Trade Act, Omnibus Trade and Competitiveness Act of 1988, Bipartisan Trade Promotion Authority Act of 2002 and Byrd Amendment.

贸易保护&阶段的重要对外贸易立法包括《航海条例》、《禁运法案》、《1816年关税法》、《麦金利税则》、《丁利税则》、《安德伍德税则》、《1916年反倾销法》及《1930年关税法》；&倡导贸易自由化&阶段的重要对外贸易立法包括《1934年互惠贸易协定法》及《1962年贸易扩展法》；&公平贸易阶段的重要对外贸易立法包括《1974年贸易法》、《1988年综合贸易与竞争法》、《2002贸易促进授权法案》及《伯德修正案》。

But there's also a powerful financial reason behind the preference, and that has to do with taxes. The tax code makes Berkshire's owning 80% or more of a business far more profitable for us, proportionately, than our owning a smaller share. When a company we own all of earns $1 million after tax, the entire amount inures to our benefit. If the $1 million is upstreamed to Berkshire, we owe no tax on the dividend. And, if the earnings are retained and we were to sell the subsidiary - not likely at Berkshire!- for $1 million more than we paid for it, we would owe no capital gains tax. That's because our "tax cost" upon sale would include both what we paid for the business and all earnings it subsequently retained.

当然除此之外还有一个重大的财务理由，而且是跟税负有关，根据税法规定，持有80%以上的股权比起拥有少数股权对Berkshire要有利的多，当一家完全由我们持有的公司税后赚了100万美元，这笔钱将全数纳到我们的口袋里，Berkshire不会因为收到股利而被课任何的税，而且如果我们将盈余全数保留，之后再把这家子公司出售-当然Berkshire是不可能做这样的事，那么就算之后的卖价超过100万美元，我们也不必为此支付任何的资本利得税，原因在于我们在税法上的成本包含我们先前买下该公司的成本以及以后年度保留的所有盈余。

It is proposed to start from the legal systems of Tax Collection Law, Tariff Law and other currently enforced laws; also any further improvement should be on the basis of diverse methods for e-commerce tax collection.

可以从税收征管法、关税法、其他现行税法等法律制度和加强我国电子商务税收征管的其他措施上进一步加以完善。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。