积分的

In sphere approximate, GPS/Gravity-BVP is Neumann problem over exterior spherical domains. Then the natural boundary reduction, suggested by Feng and Yu, is applied to deal with the three dimensional problems. By expansion in spherical harmonics, the natural integral equations of harmonic problems over exterior spherical domains are obtained. Meanwhile, a numerical method for solving geodetic BVP is developed.

在球近似下将GPS-边值问题转化为Neumann外问题，用自然边界元法进行自然边界归化，得到自然边界积分方程，再求自然边界积分方程的数值解，与其他边界元方法相比，自然边界元法的计算量大大减小，并且具有很好的逼近性质，能有效地处理奇异积分，是求解GPS-边值问题有效方法。

The course contents include: basic concept of Mathematics, functions, linear functions, limits, differentiation, applications of the derivative, antidifferentiation, indefinite integral

课程内容包括数学概念的复习，函数，斜率，极限，导函数，不定积分，定积分，对数函数与指数函数的微分与积分等单元的介绍与应用。"，"

By the theory of natural boundary reduction, the natural integral equation and the Poisson integral formula of the problem considered are obtained, and the numerical method of the natural integral equation is given.

通过自然边界归化，获得了该问题的自然积分方程和Poisson积分公式，给出了自然积分方程的数值解法，并通过数值例子以示本文方法的可行性与有效性。

The fact that the integral variable of the inverse transform appears in the denominator of integrand reduces resolution of the numeral integral and blocks the application of them.

为此构造了一种新型的连续小波变换，不论对积分变量如何剖分，任何一种数值积分方法都具有高分辨特性，且积分变量不出现在被积函数的分母上，进而给出了相应的数值解法。

Moreover,we also gave the proofs of generalization formula of integration by parts,the Green s formula of first type and the Green s formula of second type by using the divergence theorem .

首先指出数学分析中反映二重积分和第二类平面线积分联系的Green公式可以看成是散度定理的一种特殊情形，然后利用散度定理给出广义分部积分公式、第一Green公式和第二Green公式的证明

And then, the direct boundary integral equation of convection-diffusion was obtained by using inverse transformation, which is a discrete by using constant elements.

然后，通过逆变换推导出对流扩散方程的直接边界积分方程和解的积分表达式，并采用常单元来离散边界积分方程，完成对流扩散方程的求解。

Results show that radial basis function and point interpolation methods possess Kronecker Delta function property, but the robustness is poor in some cases; the MLS approximation function does not possess Kronecker Delta function property, but it has good robustness. Differences among the three discretization schemes of meshless method are as follows:the collocation method requires no numerical integration and very little computational time while its robustness is poor; Galerkin method is not a truly meshless method due to the background meshes required for integration; the Petrov-Galerkin method is a truly meshless method and need numerical integration in each sub-domain, so it needs more computational time.

分析结果显示：径向基函数和点插值法均具有d 函数属性，但计算稳定性差；移动最小二乘近似函数不具有d 函数属性，但计算比较稳定；无网格方法中的3种离散方法不同之处在于：配点法不需要积分，计算量小，计算稳定性差；Galerkin方法需要借助背景网格进行积分，它不是真正的无网格方法；Petrov-Galerkin方法，是一种真正的无网格方法，它需要对每个子域进行积分，计算工作量较大。

Romberg first use of the method is integral for integration, Then the results obtained by using the interpolation method were obtained Lagrange polynomial interpolation polynomial interpolation and Newton, re-use of least squares fitting of thinking obtained polynomial, the last of these different types of polynomial, identify their respective strengths and weaknesses.

首先运用Romberg积分方法对给出定积分进行积分，然后对得到的结果用插值方法，分别求出Lagrange插值多项式和Newton插值多项式，再运用最小二乘法的思想求出拟合多项式，最后对这些不同类型多项式进行比较，找出它们各自的优劣。

It first uses the integrating method of Romberg , which is an improved trapezoidal integration, to solve the given definite integral,then we create Lagrange's interpolation polynomial and Newton's interpolation polynomial.

首先运用Romberg积分方法对给出定积分进行积分，然后对得到的结果用插值方法，分别求出Lagrange插值多项式和Newton插值多项式，再运用最小二乘法的思想求出拟合多项式，最后对这些不同类型多项式进行比较，找出它们各自的优劣。

The mixed boundary problem was reduced to a system of singular integral equations by means of Fourier transform.

利用Fourier积分变换技术将混合边值问题转化为一对奇异积分方程，通过数值求解奇异积分方程获得含裂纹功能梯度板条分别在剪切和法向载荷作用下的I型和Ⅱ型应力强度因子，并讨论了材料的非均匀性和裂纹相对尺寸对裂纹尖端应力强度因子的影响。

The reasons of iron ions content overproof in grade Ⅱ desalting water system,such as variation water quality,contamination of regenerant , operation adjustment of pretreatment system and switching operation of bed were discussed.

对二级脱盐水系统中铁离子含量超标的原因，如来水水质发生波动、再生剂受到污染、预处理系统操作调整、床体运行切换等进行了论述。

You were hired to drum up new business, so go and do it.

公司雇你招徕新业务，你就做你的事好了。