积分常数

Firstly, according to the effect of the integration time constant of three-phase PFC controlled by one-cycle control, the single and triple integrator realization are compared, and how to determine the value of the time constant is investigated theoretically from the view of switch voltage stress and system stability.

针对三相PFC中积分时间常数的影响，分别讨论了三积分器实现方案与单积分器实现方案中积分时间常数变化对功率因数校正效果的影响，并从开关电压应力和系统稳定性的角度讨论了积分时间常数的确定原则。

Represents an indefinite integral, the ambiguity arises from constant of integration.

分，而积分常数引起了不确定性。

The integral constants in general solution can be determined by boundary conditions.

一般解中的积分常数可由边界条件来决定。

Pid control source code, variable integration constant, to achieve intelligent control!

详细说明： pid控制源代码，可变积分常数，实现智能控制！

By using the perturbed chaotic solution we investigate the new type of Melnikov chaotic regions,which depend on an integration constant co determined by the boundary conditions.

利用微扰的混沌解，我们得到一种新型的Melnikov混沌区域，它与由边界条件决定的积分常数c_0密切相关。

On the basis of measure principle of micro-power magnetic flux used by electronic integrator,a new kind of electronic integrator whose measurement sensitivity can reach as high as is designed to against the factor of integration drift,integration time constant etc which will effect Integration output error.

在将电子积分器应用于测量微磁通原理的基础上，针对影响积分输出误差因素中积分漂移、积分时间常数等的分析，设计了一种测量灵敏度为10-9C的新型电子积分器，并将该电子积分器应用于10-7～10-8C电量微磁通测量系统中。

The algorithm avoids the calculation of integral phase constant by exploiting the differential Doppler frequency data, thus its capability of detecting weaker ionospheric irregularities has been enhanced.

在数据采集过程中引入了GPS标准时间；重建算法的特点是利用差分多普勒频率数据避免了相位积分常数的计算，提高了对较弱的电离层扰动和不规则结构的检测能力。

According to the plane cross section assumption, configuration of a rod is expressed as a history of the cross section with arc coordinate. A special solution which stands for equilibrium in straight line state is obtained from differential equilibrium equation. Linear perturbation equation is derived and its general solution is obtained in which the integral constants are determined by constrained conditions at two ends of the rod. The condition of existence of non zero solution of the integral constants gives to the Greenhill formula of exact elastic rod model, which shows that the boundary of stable area is a closed curve and of symmetry, and inference of shearable and extensible to stability of the rod is depend on three factors: difference between flexibility of shear and extension of a section of the rod, bending stiffness and the length of the rod.

基于平面截面假定，弹性杆的位形表达为截面的弧坐标历程，根据平衡微分方程得到了两端受力螺旋作用时的直线平衡特解，导出了线性化扰动方程及其通解，积分常数根据两端铰支时的边界条件确定，并根据其存在非零解的条件得到弹性直杆精确模型的Greenhill公式，表明稳定域为一对称的封闭区域，拉/压和剪切对稳定性的影响取决于：拉/压柔度与剪切柔度之差，抗弯刚度和杆长这三个因素

It is found thatthe fractal dimension D=1.25 corresponds to the lowest criticalcoupling constant αc=1.9,D=1.73 corresponds to the highest criticalratio of dielectric constants ηc=0.163,and when D≤1.145 bipolaronscan not exist at any rate.In chap,4,we will propose a novelapproach to the calculation of the exciton ground-state energy for thestrong-coupling case.Different from all previous methods,the wavefunction of the phonon part is assumed to take a form related to thewave function of the relative motion.We obtain the exciton energy bysolving the derived integrodifferential equation rather than select ahydrogen-like form to minimize the energy expectation.

结果发现，分数维的维数D＝1.25对应最小的临界的电-声耦合常数(αo＝1.9)，D＝1.73对应最大的临界的介电常数比(ηc＝0.163)，当分数维的维数D≤1.145时，双极化子无论如何也不可能存在，在第四章中，我们将提出一种新颖的变分方法来计算强耦合的激子-声子系统的基态能，不同于以前所有的方法，我们取声子的波函数与相对运动波函数有关的形式，而不是假定一个固定的关于相对运动坐标r的函数形式，得到相对运动波函数所满足的非线性的微分积分方程，我们数值求解这个微分积分方程得到系统基态能，而不是选择一个类氢原子的波函数变分使得能量的期待值最小。

For the first time we parametrize such a flow with two physical constants, namely the specific angular momentum accreted by the black hole j and the energy quantity K.

我们首次应用两个物理常量，即角动量积分常数j和能量参数K给出了含激波的吸积流解对应的参数空间。

However, as the name（read－only memory）implies, CD disks cannot be written onorchanged in any way.

然而，正如其名字所指出的那样，CD盘不能写，也不能用任何方式改变其内容。

Galvanizes steel pallet is mainly export which suits standard packing of European Union, the North America. galvanizes steel pallet is suitable to heavy rack. Pallet surface can design plate type, corrugated and the gap form, satisfies the different requirements.

镀锌钢托盘多用于出口，替代木托盘，免薰蒸，符合欧盟、北美各国对出口货物包装材料的法令要求；喷涂钢托盘适用于重载上货架之用，托盘表面根据需要制作成平板状、波纹状及间隔形式，满足不同的使用要求。