科举

The tracing of the knowledge structure of the Ancient Judge can depart from three different points:firstly,the knowledge having been possessed before one became judge,which can be examined in the subjects and their contents of the imperial examinations;secondly,the professional knowledge necessary for an ancient judge to carry out his job,which can be known by studying the empanelment of Ancient Judge and the basic requirement of the subjects tested;thirdly,the knowledge tropism of Ancient Judge as a whole,which can be understood by analyzing how the state and judge clear up the judicial risks.

探寻刑官的知识结构，可以从三个角度出发：其一是刑官任官前的一般知识储备，这可以从科举考试的科目及内容出发；其二是刑官行使职权所需要的专业性知识，这可以从国家对各级刑官制度化的选任和考课的基本要求来分析；其三是刑官总体的知识取向，这可以从国家和刑官本人如何消解司法风险来分析。

Idea of recruiting "shi", as a conception of longue durèe, was an important reason for the longevity of the imperial examination system.

取士的观念作为一种长时段观念构成科举制度长期存在的一个重要原因。

The idea of recruiting "shi", as a conception of longue durèe, was an important reason for the longevity of the imperial examination system.

取士的观念作为 dddtt 一种长时段观念构成科举制度长期存在的一个重要 www.8ttt8.com 原因。

On the other hand, in the face of emergent social demand, gradual reform in imperial examination had become out of keeping with the ripid social transform.

科举制的改革过程始终是在近代中国内忧外患的紧迫形势下进行的，显示出实用性和急迫性的特征。

This discussion contains three aspects. The matriculates by stereotyped writings were the marked feature of Qing dynasty imperial examinations system. The imperial examinations restricted the reading scope of examinees and affected the style of poetry in forepart of Qing dynasty. The techniques of Eight-part Essay were applied in poem learning because of the structural common. Examination poems were operated in all kinds of examinations in Qing dynasty.

本文主要从以下方面进行论述：以八股取士为时代特征的清代科举制约了清代诗人的诗歌积累并影响了清初诗歌的诗风；由于八股文与诗歌存在结构上的共通性，清初诗人常以八股文法学为诗歌；对清代科场加试试帖诗进行了探讨，并研究清初诗赋在各类考试中运用的情况。

In recent years some of the rooms have been restored , where such examinations are re-created for interested tourists.

江南贡院始建于公元1169，明清两代发展成为全国规模最大的科举考场，仅考生号舍就有20644间。

In the Song period in Jiangxi there was an atmosphere of revering scholars and learning,and there were schools,and country schools in particular,everywhere.

在宋代，大凡被《宋史》列入的历史人物，在科举舞台上考取进士的人物以及有论著留后世者，我们都可以认为是人才。

Examines Northern Wei Dynasty and Yuan Dynastys national fusion and the sinicizing time background, the legislation condition and the sinicizing measure, Northern Wei Dynasty establishes first year the system vicissitude which reforms to the filial piety article emperor, as well as Yuan Dynasty in policies and so on the imperial civil service examination, penalty, marriage system may know, two dynasty sinicizing reform all varying degrees to later national minority political power, even was the Han nationality political power has had the profound influence.

考究北魏和元朝的民族融合及汉化的时代背景、立法状况及汉化的措施、北魏创立初年至孝文帝改革的制度变迁，以及元朝在科举、刑罚、婚制等政策可以得知，两朝的汉化改革都不同程度的对以后的少数民族政权，甚至是汉民族政权产生了深远影响。

Knowledge and skills: know the basic circs of The Imperial Examination System; can analyse the origin of the matter.

知识与技能：知道科举制度的基本情况，能够分析问题的起因，总结解决问题的基本方法。

Changshu Museum and Changshu Inscription Museum have collected over 200 epigraphs in the Ming Dynasty,which provide first-hand valuable sources for studying agricultural economy,the imperial examination system,the rise and fall of clans,and folk customs as well as private gardens south of the Yangtze River and other social problems.

常熟博物馆、常熟碑刻博物馆藏250余件明代墓志为研究常熟地区明代时期建置沿革、农业经济、科举教育、氏族兴衰和民俗风情诸方面提供了第一手资料。

I didn't watch TV last night, because it .

昨晚我没有看电视，因为电视机坏了。

Since this year, in a lot of villages of Beijing, TV of elevator liquid crystal was removed.

今年以来，在北京的很多小区里，电梯液晶电视被撤了下来。