科

This phenomenon warrants further study. 4. Phylogeny study on Croomia and Stemona The relationship of the genus and the taxonomic placement of Stemonaceae The phylogenetic tree of matK, trnL-F, atpB-rbcL and ITS sequences data indicated that it was natural to place Stemona and Croomia in one family.

黄精叶钩吻属和百部属的分子系统学研究百部科属间关系和科的系统地位叶绿体DNA(matK、trnL-F和atpB-rbcL)及核DNA序列构建的系统树显示Stemona和Croomia形成稳定的单系类群，表明将这两个属放在同一个科是自然的，不支持将Croomia独立成科。

Results:The serums of Elape carinta and Zaocy dhumnades were able to inhibit three kinds of venom of Crotalinae;The serum of Zaocy dhumnades was also able to inhibit the venom of Naja naja atra.

结果：王锦蛇血清可中和蝮亚科3种蛇毒，乌梢蛇血清可中和蝰科蝮亚科3种蛇毒和眼镜蛇科眼镜蛇蛇毒，黑眉锦蛇血清对本实验所选用4种蛇毒均无中和作用。

Using nuclear DNA C-values for 539 angiosperms in China, we examined the variation of these values among growth forms and taxonomic groups and the relationship of these values with invasiveness. Mean DNA C-value of the 539 angiosperm species was 4.06 pg. Mean DNA C-value was(1) significantly lower for woody species (1.84 pg) than for herbaceous species(5.02 pg);(2) significantly lower for 360 dicots (2.20 pg) than for 179 monocots (7.80 pg);(3) significantly lower for annuals (2.78 pg) than for perennials(6.65 pg);(4) significantly lower for 134 weed species (1.93 pg) than for herbaceous non-weeds (6.75 pg) and for several families that have an unusually high proportion of weed species;(5) significantly lower for 47 exotic weed species (1.76 pg) than for 134 native weeds (1.93 pg), but significantly lower than that of "non-weedy" herbaceous species (6.75 pg);(6) lower for weeds than for "non-weedy" species in same genus or family; and (7) in herbaceous species, generally lower for weedy compared to "non-weedy" species, with some exceptions such as Avena fatua, whose DNA C-value is as high as 14.15 pg, contrarily, and some "non-weedy" herbaceous species in Cruciferae and Cucurbitaceae with very low values.

统计了中国境内有分布的539种被子植物的DNA C-值，分析了它们在不同分类群、生活型、倍性、生活史类型以及在杂草和非杂草类群中的分布情况，主要结果如下：(1)539种被子植物DNA C-值平均为4.06 pg，其中木本植物的DNA C-值平均为1.84 pg，低于草本植物的平均值(5.02 pg)；(2)双子叶植物(360种)的DNA C-值平均为2.20 pg，极明显地小于单子叶植物(179种)的平均值(7.80 pg)；(3)1年生植物的DNA C-值平均为2.78 pg，明显小于多年植物的平均DNA C-值(6.65 pg)；(4)134种杂草的DNA C-值平均为1.93 pg，明显小于非杂草草本植物的平均值(6.75 pg)，含杂草较多的科，平均DNA C-值相对较小；(5)统计的47种入侵杂草的DNA C-值平均为1.76 pg，略小于134种杂草的平均DNA C-值(1.93 pg)，极显著地小于非杂草性草本植物(6.75 pg)；(6)以科为单位，不同科的DNA C-值存在着极大的差异；(7)DNA C-值与染色体倍性的关系并不明显，但是，随着倍性的增加，基因组变小；(8)在同一科、属中，与非杂草相比，典型杂草的DNA C-值往往偏小；(9)总体上杂草或杂草性强的植物，它们的DNA C-值比非杂草性植物的要小。

The results showed that,in different typical fields,all kinds of weeds belong to 22 families,55 species mainly including Gramineae,Compositae,Cruciferae,Chenopodiacea,Caryophyllacea,Cyperaceae and so on.The distribution of weed clony in different fields has apparent differenciation.Relative abundance analysis indicates that a...

研究结果表明，调查样地出现的各种杂草种类共22科，55种，主要为禾本科、菊科、十字花科、藜科、石竹科和莎草科等；不同作物田块的杂草群落的分布存在显著差异；通过对相对多度的分析，开封郊区的杂草种类可主要分成两个聚类。

The total seed storage in topsoil (0-10 cm) was 83499-109141 indm^(-2) for natural wetlands and 9140-47452 indm^(-2) for reclaimed paddy fields. In natural wetlands, the seeds were of 16-30 grass plant species, being dominant with Polygonaceae and Cyperaceae or Cyperaceae and Gramineae; while in reclaimed paddy fields, the seeds were of 7-16 grass plant species, with the dominant of Gramineae. The seed storage and species numbers were greater in Shengjin Lake than in Shibasuo Lake. Higher seed bank storage and more species were observed in the paddy fields from Shibasuo wetland with 30 years of cultivation than from the Shengjin Lake wetland with over 50 years of cultivation.

结果表明：天然湿地种子库密度为83499~109141粒m^(-2)，而开垦为稻田30~50年后种子库密度为9140~47452粒m^(-2)；天然湿地的土壤种子库物种数为16~30种，以蓼科－莎草科或莎草科－蓼科为优势种，开垦为稻田后物种数下降为7~16种，且趋向于以禾本科为单一优势种；此外，与十八索湿地相比，升金湖湿地有较高的土壤种子库物种数、丰富度和多样性，而开垦年限为30年的十八索稻田土壤种子库物种数和丰富度显著高于开垦年限为50年的升金湖稻田。

The sequence variation analyses showed that there are 236 variable and 221 parsimony-informative in the aligned 605 nucleotide sites, in addition, the relative frequenencies of four nucleotides were not equal an this fact showed that the base compositions were biased. The results of phylogenetic analyses showed:(1) the phylogenetic relationships of the Cypraeidae taxa was basically in consistent with morphology-based ones;(2)Cypraeovulinae was monophyletic in all trees, whereas Nariinae and Cypraeinae were not;(3)the monophylies of Mauritia, Palmadusta, Erosaria, Monetaria, Staphylaea and Pustularia were strongly supported by molecular data;(4)Meyer's speculation that Chelycypraea came out from Luria were also supported.

结果表明：(1)宝贝科28种动物的分子系统树大部分与形态学分类一致；(2)在系统树上，疹贝与鼻贝亚科的其它分类群的距离相隔较远，提示它们之间有较远的亲缘关系，建议将疹贝属列入宝贝亚科；(3)卵宝贝亚科包括希达贝、脊焦贝、筛目贝、拟枣贝、焦掌贝以及呆足贝等共计15个属，它们在系统树上构成独立的一个大支系，构成单系群；(4)支持Meyer将龟甲贝从禄亚贝总属中分离出来的观点，但龟甲贝和林西那贝之间的系统发生关系及其分类地位还有待于进一步探讨。

Lemuridae; Lorisidae; Daubentoniidae; Indriidae; used in some classifications instead of Prosimii; in others considered a subdivision of Prosimii.

狐猴科；懒猴科；指猴科；大狐猴科；在某些分类中，替代原猴亚目；在另外一些分类中，被认为是原猴亚目的一个亚部。

NJ cluster analysis indicated that subclass Mysticeti is a monophyly whereas subclass Odontoceti is a polyphyly, including Delphinoidea, Physeteroidea, Ziphioidea and Platanistoidea.

NJ聚类分析结果与目前的主流观点基本相同，即须鲸亚目形成单系群而齿鲸亚目则为多系群，后者包括海豚总科、抹香鲸总科、喙鲸总科和淡水豚总科。

If Altingia, Dipterocarpaceae of Jie Xiang, such as Brokaw, such as Fagaceae, Lauraceae tea branches and a number of evergreen species, Quercus humilis small, Stipa purpurea, Artemisia Tibet.

如阿丁枫、龙脑香科的羯布罗香等，如壳斗科、茶科和樟科的一些常绿树种，高山栎小蒿草、紫花针茅草、西藏蒿。

The geographical distribution of Andromedaoideae, Gaultherioideae and Arbutoideae of Ericaceae of China in relation to other area.

中国杜鹃花科的__木亚科、白珠树亚科、北极果亚科地理分布及与其他地区的关系。

Do you know, i need you to come back

你知道吗，我需要你回来

Yang yinshu、Wang xiangsheng、Li decang,The first discovery of haemaphysalis conicinna.

1〕 杨银书，王祥生，李德昌。安徽省首次发现嗜群血蜱。