种质遗传

Exotic germplasms have been playing an important role in corn breeding and production in our country. But to make good use of them, their genetic characteristics and germplasm relationship with Chinese inbred lines representing different heterotic groups should be studied.

引进国外种质对提高我国玉米育种和生产水平具有重要作用，但要充分发挥其作用，必须系统研究其种质特点及其与我国不同优势类群自交系的遗传关系。

The gerplasm of rice from INGER in Guangdong take an important contribution in raising the level of studies on resistance to insect pest and disease, rice breeding and gerplasm utilization.

通过INGER试验引进的水稻种质资源对丰富广东水稻育种的遗传背景，提高广东省水稻抗病虫性研究和抗病虫育种水平以及种质研究利用水平具有重要意义。

This study was to evaluate the genetic diversity of 69 tea cultivars of the preconcentrated core germplasms of Camellia Sinensis in China by the random amplified polymorphic DNA.

以中国茶树初选核心种质中的69份种质作为实验材料，采用改良的SDS法提取基因组DNA，并运用优化后的RAPD分析体系对其进行了分子标记遗传差异研究。

The study was to evaluate the genetic diversity of 69 tea cultivars of the preconcentrated core germplasms of Camellia Sinensis in China by the random amplified polymorphic DNA.Among 50 arbitrary primers, 32 primers could generate enough amplified bands for all the strains in this study.

以中国茶树初选核心种质中的69份种质为实验材料，采用改良的SDS法提取它们的基因组DNA，并运用优化的RAPD 分析体系对基因组DNA进行分子标记遗传差异研究。

China was one of Pyrus genus provenances,Chinese pear played an important role in fruit production.Genetic linkage map of pearPyrus L.

我国是世界梨属植物的起源中心之一，梨树的栽培面积和产量均居世界首位，丰富的种质资源对于定位和克隆一些重要性状的基因及梨树分子遗传育种和种质改良具有重要的意义。

Maize inbreds are xenial. For the hybridization along with continuous gene exchange among different plants creating a new hereditary variation pool and thereafter on the effect of natural selection and artificial selection, it creates a new germ plasm which is different from the original germ plasm at quite a large extent.

玉米是异花授粉的，在不同植株之间，由于杂交以及相伴随的连续的基因互换会创造出新的遗传变异库，其后在自然选择和人工选择的作用下，产生在相当程度上不同于原始亲本种质的新种质。

Accessions hybrid BC1 F2 were backcrossed, with two elite parents Diantun502 and Flcxi35 widely cultivated in Yunnan as recurrent parent, while 548 accessions core collection in Yunnan rice landrace as donors. Under natural low temperature 18.1℃ at booting stage, the genetic variation to main morphological characters of core collection hybrids in Yunnan rice landrace was analyzed between indica and japonica, rice cropping regions.

在昆明孕穗期平均温度181℃的自然低温下，以云南当家品种滇屯502和合系35作轮回亲本，以548份云南稻核心种质为供体亲本配制的杂种BC1F2（458份）为材料，按籼粳、稻作区进行云南稻核心种质杂种后代形态性状遗传变异研究。

Aimed at the arising problems such as the cross-incompatibility and hybrid's sterility during distant hybridization of fruit trees, effects of different treatments on cross-compatibility of distant hybridization in stone fruits were studied based on the former studies, then physiological and biochemical changes during hybridization between plum and apricot were primarily discussed, and rescue and culture system of hybrids' embryos were also conducted, further the genetic variation and principle between the hybrids and their parents were analyzed and methods of identification of hybrids were established.

针对果树远缘杂交过程中存在的杂交不亲和性及杂种不育性等问题，在前人研究的基础上，研究了不同处理对核果类果树远缘杂交亲和性的效应，并探讨了李、杏属间杂交过程中发生的生理生化变化以及花粉与柱头的互作，建立了李、杏属间远缘杂种的胚培养技术体系，建立了杂种鉴定检测方法，并分析了杂种后代与其父母本之间的遗传变异及规律，最终将一批远缘杂交新种质定植于大田，同时对自然界存在的杏梅种质资源进行了RAPD分析。

The plum-apricot germplasm resources were analyzed by RAPD markers. The results showed that plum-apricot was more close to the related species with low polymorphism. The clustering results were indicated that most plum-apricots were more close to Chinese plum with the similarity of morphological description, thus the female parent for plum-apricot was probably plum in the occurrence naturally. The result of S allele-specific PCR amplification showed that plum-apricot had only one band with the similarity with plum, thus evolution similarity of plum-apricot was more close to plum than apricot.

5对参试杏梅种质资源的RAPD分析表明，杏梅与其近缘种之间亲缘关系较近，多态性相对较少；聚类分析结果显示大部分的杏梅与中国李的遗传距离较近，与形态学上的描述基本一致，因此杏梅种质资源在自然界中产生时，其母本可能为李；同时S等位基因的扩增结果显示杏梅与李的扩增条数一致，都为一条，因此推断杏梅与李的进化趋同性可能较杏更近。

Effective regeneration programmers are essential to maintain the viability and genetic integrity of ex situ seed collections of crop germplasm.

有效的种质资源繁殖更新是保持作物异位保存种质资源活力和遗传完整性的首要工作。

Breath, muscle contraction of the buttocks; arch body, as far as possible to hold his head, right leg straight towards the ceiling (peg-leg knee in order to avoid muscle tension).

呼气，收缩臀部肌肉；拱起身体，尽量抬起头来，右腿伸直朝向天花板（膝微屈，以避免肌肉紧张）。

The cost of moving grain food products was unchanged from May, but year over year are up 8%.

粮食产品的运输费用与5月份相比没有变化，但却比去年同期高8％。