种皮

In order to provide an scientific basis and technology support to local agricultural by–products export quarantine, an investigation was carried out on the species of stored insects of export agricultural by–products from 2003 to 2005 in the region. The quarantine significance of different stored insects and the insect community structure characteristics of five stored export products were analyzed, besides, a study was conducted on the ecology of Dermestes maculatus Degeer in the laboratory. The main results were as follows. 1. The ordinary and systematic measures were used to investigate stored insect species on export products, such as Willow, Brush, Feather, Leather, Woodwork, grain, coconut funicle, lotus leaf etc., in the finished product, transferring, material reserve and processing storages of the export industries.

为了给该地区农副产品的出口检疫提供科学依据和技术支持，笔者于2003-2005年对江苏沿江地区各类出口农副产品检疫场所的仓储昆虫种类进行了调查，分析了各种仓储昆虫的检疫重要性以及5类出口农副产品仓储昆虫的群落特征，并对重要仓储害虫白腹皮蠹的生态学特性进行了研究，现将结果总结如下： 1、2003-2005年通过对江苏沿江地区的草柳藤制品、笔刷制品、羽绒制品、皮革制品、木制品、粮饲库存点、椰壳纤维、荷叶加工厂等出口企业的成品储藏库、中转库、原料储备库、加工车间等检疫场所的昆虫种类进行了普查和系统调查，共采集标本1800余件，从中鉴定出130种仓储动物，隶属2纲、9目、51科，其中害虫6目、40科、105种，益虫5目、10科、25种；此外，还发现2中国新记录种，即阔鼻谷象Caulophilus oryzae和黑斑豆象Bruchus dentipes。

By using high performance liquid chromatographycombined withthin-layer chromatography,three PG:salicin,salicortin and deltoidin weredetected in the bark of P.deltioides,Five kinds of PG were detected in the leaves,which included trmuloidin and tremulacin besides the three PG.

采用薄层色谱与高效液相色谱法相结合的方法，在实验材料的树皮中测定到三种主要的酚甙类物质：水杨甙、柳皮甙和美洲黑杨甙，在叶片中测定到5种酚甙类物质，除上述3种物质外，还包括2′-苯甲酰水杨甙和颤杨甙，对于后两者在前人的研究中未见报道。研究还对5种化学物质进行了分离。

Biceps, triceps, subscapular, chest, midaxillary, abdomen, suprailiac, thigh, and media calf skinfolds were measured by Lange skinfold caliper (Lange corp., Cambridge, Maryland, U.S.) in 50 male college students. percent body fat were also measured by two newly portable simple BIA analyzer Tanita TBF-501 (Tanita corp., Tokyo) and Omron HBF-300 (Omron corp., Kyoto). We also got the Anthropometry data Body mass index (BMl, waist-to-hip ratio for assessment of obesity and in comparison with one Japanese, two American, and two European skinlold prediction equations.

本研究以两所大学院校之青年男生共50名为研究对象，以Tanita TBF -501型、Omron HBF -300型两种简易携带型生物电子阻抗仪（Bioimpedance analysis，以下简称BIA）所实测而得之体脂肪比率，加上九点皮脂厚测量值与腰围、臀围、体重等测量值，套用一种日本、两种美国及两种欧洲体脂肪比率预测公式与国内外多种肥胖判别公式，进行分析比较。

The results showed that the phytophagous insects in the spruce forest in Qilian Mountains exhibited obvious vertival stratification structure. According to the amounty of species of each structure, it could be divided into 6 insect communities, namely the insects community of the shrub and herbage (928 species), of the soil and root (780 species), of the tender end and needle (117 species), of the stem phloem and xylem (66 species), of the branch thin end twig shin (38 species), of the blossom and seed and fruit (14 species).

结果表明祁连山区青海云杉林中植食性昆虫具有明显的垂直分层结构，根据林分的垂直结构和昆虫寄生、取食树木组织部位可划分为6个群落，其种类由多到少依次为灌木和草本层昆虫群落（928种），土壤与根部昆虫群落（约780种），嫩梢与针叶昆虫群落（117种），树干韧皮部与木质部昆虫群落（66种）、枝梢与嫩皮昆虫群落（38种）、花与种实昆虫群落（14种）。

These six species are contrasted with three different phenological types, i.e., an evergreen, Cyclobalanopsis helferiana, two winter-deciduous, Buchanania latifolia and Symplocos racemosa, and three drought-deciduous species, Terminthia paniculata, Wendlandia tinctoria and Woodfordia fruticosa.

这6种植物包括1种常绿植物毛枝青冈， 2种冷凉季落叶( WD， winter-deciduous)植物天干果和珠仔树，3种干热季落叶(DD， drought-deciduous)植物三叶漆、红皮水锦树和虾子花。

Our study includes four aspects. In the first aspect we study several important conditions of porcine oocytes maturation in vitro and oocytes cleavage after parthenogenetic activation and found mNCSU-23+15IU/mlPMSG+20IU/mlHCG+15% PFF+0.57mMcysteine is a good culture condition .When the Cocs are cultured in it ,the maturation rate and oocytes cleavage rate are higher than those of foreign covered. Our result are (86.7±3.35)% and (86.3±4.16)% and the highest report of foreign is(85.7±4.1)%.In the second aspect we study the effect of different chemical activations on development of porcine parthennogenetic embryo and found two best activation method. The first one is that putting the maturation MII oocytes in the 20μmol/L ionomycin for 30 minutes and then putting them in the NCSU-23 condition containing 5μg/mICB and 5mM/L6-DMAP for 3.5 hours, the oocytes cleavage rate and morulae/blastocysts development rate are (76.7±7.6)% and (37.1±6.4)%.The second one is that putting the maturation MII oocytes in the 200μM/L Thimerosal for 20 minutes and then putting them in the NCSU-23 condition containing 8mM DTT for 30 minutes

本研究分为4个部分，第一部分对影响猪卵母细胞体外成熟和孤雌激活后胚胎分裂的几个重要条件进行了比较研究，确立了一种较好的培养方法：与颗粒细胞共培养，找到了一种适合猪卵母细胞体外成熟的培养基：mNCSU-23+15IU/mlPMSG+20IU/mlHCG+15%PFF+0.57mM半胱氨酸，成熟率和分裂率分别为(86.7±3.35)%和(86.3±4.16)%，国外报道的最高成熟率为(85.7±4.1)%；第二部分对猪卵母细胞孤雌激活的化学方法进行了研究，确立了化学激活猪卵母细胞的两种最佳方法：1将成熟的去卵丘颗粒细胞的MII期卵母细胞用20μmol/Lionomycin作用30min，再将卵母细胞培养于含5μg/mlCB和5mM/L 6-DMAP(6-二甲基氨基嘌呤)的NCSU-23培养液中，卵裂率和桑囊胚发育率达到(76.7±7.6)%和(37.1±6.4)%2将成熟的去卵丘颗粒细胞的MII期卵母细胞在200μM/L的Thimerosal中处理20min，再与8mM的DTT共孵育30min，卵裂率和桑/囊胚形成率为(81.0±2.8)%和(39.6±2.7)%；第三部分对孤雌激活胚胎的培养条件进行了研究，确立了一种最佳的胚胎培养条件：在SOF简单培养基中添加颗粒细胞进行前3天的培养，然后转入添加胎牛血清的NCSU—23培养基并和输卵管上皮细胞进行后期的培养，其桑椹胚和囊胚的发育率为(59.5±3.2)%；第四部分研究了IGF-I

A soft, grayish-yellow leather usually having a suede finish, once made from deerskins but now generally made from sheepskins.

鹿皮一种柔软的，黄灰色的革，常有一层麂皮抛光，以前多由鹿皮制成，但现在多由羊皮制成

The main process machinery and equipment are:(1) hit halo hemp electrical appliances, due to livestock and poultry species, varieties vary;(2) assassination put Xuedao, because different types of livestock and poultry, knives of different sizes, in order to ensure that medical and consumption of blood cleaning hollow knife can be used;(3) peeling or burning hair back hair machinery and equipment, medium and large slaughter plant machinery stripped of pigs, cattle, sheep skin, small factories and individual butcher knife while peeling by hand, Mao 60-68 ℃ hot hot hot flooding 3-8 minutes, easy to back hair, animal hair may be back with a different machine back hair;(4), cut open, cuts except internal organs, cutting off their heads and trimming hooves many different processes such as cutting tools complete with manual and electric saws and a half split two ways , hand-split and a half with machetes, saws chop and a half should be washed clean bone debris.

主要工序机械设备是：（1）击晕麻电器，因畜禽种类、品种不同而异；（2）刺杀放血刀，因畜禽种类不同，刀的大小也不同，为保证医用和食用血液的清洁，可采用空心刀；（3）剥皮或烫毛退毛机械设备，大中型屠宰厂用机器剥去猪、牛、羊的皮，小厂和个体屠户则用手工刀具剥皮，烫毛用60—68℃热水浸烫3—8分钟，便于退毛，畜禽均可用不同的退毛机器退毛；（4）开膛、剖除内脏、割头蹄和修整等工序多用不同的刀具完成，劈半有手工和电锯两种方法，手工劈半用砍刀，电锯劈半后应将骨屑冲洗干净。

On the raw fur process, Zhonghui can tan the fur of mink, blue fox, raccoon, rabbit, sheep goat and so on. On the dyeing, Zhonghui can dye single color, double color, mixed color, snowtop, print pattern, tie-dye, and so on. On Bleaching and dyeing, we can golden mink, bleach raccoon, and other kinds of products.

原皮加工方面，中辉鞣制水貂、蓝狐、貉子、兔皮、绵羊皮、山羊皮等皮种；染制单色、双色、多色以及草上霜、印花、扎花、吊染、型染等各种产品；漂染包括水貂漂金、貉子漂金、漂白以及其他漂染产品。

A sparkling wine made the same way as Champagne with Pinot Blanc, Pinot Gris, Pinot Noir, Riesling or Chardonnay .

一种气泡酒与法国香槟的酿造法一样，用白皮诺、灰皮诺、黑皮诺、雷司令和霞多利酿造。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。