种特征

This section presents two kinds of characteristic schemes, one is the natural use of the usual backward Euler characteristic difference scheme ( [60] ) onto the triangular mesh, the other replaces the backward Euler's method by modified Euler formula to approximate the characteristic differential equation, so that the discretization for characteristic curve can get up to second order accuracy.

本节给出了两种三角形网格上的特征差分格式，第一种是通常的向后Euler型特征差分格式（[60]）在三角形网格上的自然运用，第二种采用§3.3、§3.4的离散思想，使用改进的Euler公式代替向后Euler公式来近似特征微分方程，使其对特征线的离散达到了二阶精度。

All characters that have been used to delimit more narrowly defined species in other treatments of Chinese Clethra exhibit a strongly continuous pattern of variation from west to east across the range of the species in China (i.e., leaf size and shape, the number of secondary veins on each side of the midvein, anther size and shape); they also exhibit geographically correlated or seemingly random patterns, but without correlated gaps in character states among any two or more characters (i.e., style pubescence, corolla abaxial surface, stamen exsertion).

用来界定更狭窄定义的中国的Clethra的其它种的全部特征，从中国种的分布区的西部到东部，展示了一种强烈的连续变异的样式（如，叶大小和形状，中脉每边次脉的数目，花药的大小和形状）；他们还展示出地理分布的相关或好像随机的样式，但是在任何2或更多特征状态间没有相关的特征间隔（如，花柱被短柔毛，花冠背面、雄蕊伸出）。叶大小与形状，在中脉，花药大小与形状的每边次脉的数量；也的他们展览好象地理上有相互关联或随机模式，但是没有有相互关联特征差距在任何2 特征或更多中说明即，花柱短柔毛，花冠背面，雄蕊exsertion。

It was found that structural models of a swearing discourse possess 3 parts: the swearing appellation, the contumelious special swearing expression, and the auxiliary statement of swearing cause. Then 30 odd pragmatic functions were reported in the study that strongly display their competences in helping people, as those in Dream of the Red Chamber, to express their subtle feelings to the full in intricate situations and under complex mentality. Meanwhile, 4 pragmatic parameters were discovered in this analysis of data: the sex character of swearing explaining how sex as a pragmatic factor influences the speech act of swearing; the socio-cultural character of swearing which demonstrates how 8 aspects of socio-cultural elements affect the realization of swearing in English and Chinese; the courtesy character of swearing, and the psycho-cognitive character of swearing. Finally in terms of the responding strategies of swearing and their effects, the study evidenced that many strategies were used and that 3 possible types of effects were produced when confronting swearing: no response, expectant moderate response, and excessive response.

本文发现：詈骂言语行为的话语结构模式主要包括三部分，即詈骂性称呼语、侮辱性专门詈骂语和辅助性詈骂原因陈述；詈骂言语行为的语用功能，具体表现为30 多种，因而能够表达人们的复杂情感，《红楼梦》也借以淋漓尽致地表现各种人物的性格、心理和喜怒哀乐；构成詈骂言语行为的语用参数主要有四种，即詈骂的性别特征、詈骂的社会文化特征、詈骂的礼貌特征、詈骂的心理认知特征；人们在应对詈骂言语行为的时候，通常采用若干策略，产生三种可能的作用力，即不给予反应、预期的适度反应和过度反应。

A comparative study of two logic systems should base on the analysis of their historical background and the interpretation of their cultural host;(2) The Mohist logic depend on Pre Qin culture of China and Aristotelean logic was embedded in Hellenism of Hellenistic Age;(3) In view of these two logic systems being the ...

墨家逻辑依托于先秦文化，亚里士多德逻辑依托于古希腊文化。两种文化有不同的特征和需求。不同文化的特征和需求，产生了两种不同的逻辑。两种逻辑的差异主要表现为：目的与任务不同，逻辑特征不同，主导的推理类型不同，推理成分的分析不同，后续发展状况不同。

After reviewing the previous dissertation on quantitative characteristic trait of recalcitrant seeds, three aspects of quantitative characteristic trait of seed recalcitrant were defined, which are interspecific aspect, intraspecific aspect and individual developmental aspect. And it was supposed that seed recalcitrance was a compound characteristic, with its core composed of desiccation tolerance, low-temperature tolerance and storage tolerance at least, and its concomitants composed of seed size, 1000-seed weight, moisture content at shedding, non-dormancy, systemic taxonomy, ecological and biochemical aspects. Because these core and concomitants are all gradual, transitional and quantitative, it was inferred that seed recalcitrance was a compound quantitative trait.

文章简要概述了从顽拗型种子到顽拗性种子这样一个对顽拗性种子认识提高的过程，在综述了前人关于顽拗性种子数量性状特征论述的基础上，把种子顽拗性的数量性状特征划分为种间、种内和个体发育三个层面，提出种子顽拗性是一种复合性状，其核心至少包括脱水耐性、低温耐性和贮藏耐性三方面的内容，其伴随性状包括种子尺度、千粒重、初始含水量、休眠特性、分类地位、地理分布和保护性物质含量等多方面的内容，而且这些核心内容和伴随性状的每一个方面都具有渐变的、过渡的、数量型的特征，从而阐明种子顽拗性是一种复合数量性状。

Characteristics of RUSA and Comparisons with Relevant RightsDiscuss the characteristics of RUSA; analyze through comparisons its differences from traditional usufruct, the right of using natural resources and land using right. Consider that the RUSA is a private right of public right feature based on public law, and hence is a kind of Real Right, and different from both traditional Real Right of Utilization and RUNR, instead, it is a special usufruct.Chapter III.

第二章"海域使用权特征与相关权利比较"论述了海域使用权的特征，主要研究分析海域使用权客体的特殊性、权源上的派生性及海域使用权的支配性、排他性、用益性、公示性、期限性、有偿性等特征；分析了海域使用权性质，认为海域使用权为一种公法上规定的具有较强公共性的私权，是一种物权，是一种用益物权；比较分析了海域使用权与土地所有权、水权、渔业权、矿业权、海域承包经营权、海域租赁权的区别，认为海域使用权既不同于传统的用益物权，也不同于自然资源使用权，应界定为一种特殊的用益物权。

A new scheme of target discrimination in SAR images, consisted of frames, models and algorithms, is proposed. Under such a scheme, a global frame, combining orderly the algorithm based on feature extraction and that based on knowledge, is then proposed. Moreover, in the method of target discrimination based on feature extraction, a "loose-coupling" model is given. The existing features are chosen and three new features about the contrast are given under the "loose-coupling". Meanwhile, an algorithm of feature selection based on Genetic Algorithm is also modified to solve the problem that the existing algorithm can not evaluate the goodness-of-features comprehensively. The weighted quadratic distance discriminator is designed to improve the performance of target discrimination. Finally, a method based on the knowledge of target groups to remove clutter false alarms is also given.

提出了一种目标鉴别的新方案，该方案包括目标鉴别的框架、模型以及算法；提出了基于特征选取鉴别和基于编队提取鉴别"序贯"连接相结合的目标鉴别框架；在基于特征选取进行目标鉴别的方法中，提出了目标鉴别的"松耦合"模型；提出了"松耦合"模型下目标鉴别的特征提取方法，包括已有特征的筛选和3个新的对比度特征的提出；改进了一种基于GA的特征选择方法，克服了已有方法对特征优劣评价不全面的问题；设计了加权二次距离鉴别器，提高了鉴别的性能；研究了基于目标编队知识进行进一步杂波虚警剔除的方法。

In this paper the related data of underlying surface at home and abroad and the common criterions of land use classifications were utilized, the actual conditions were also combined and the underlying surface feature, including land use, soil feature and terrain elevation, over Heihe River and it's neighbourhood have been classified into two kinds of grided data with high resolution (about 3 km×3 km and 6 km×6 km respectively).

本文综合了国内外诸种有关资料，借鉴了国际上较通用的下垫面特征分类标准，也结合黑河地区下垫面的实际情况，对HEIFE试验区及其邻近地区的下垫面特征(包括地表特征、土壤特征及地形高度)进行归纳分类，形成了两种高分辨率(分别约为6km×6km及3km×3km)的下垫面特征的格点化资料，可供该地区地气相互作用研究用。

As to the aspects of constructing methods for hedonic price index, based on the comparison of the current methods, this paper classifies them into four varieties, pooling data index, cross section index, hedonic-price-function-based modeling index and hedonic-price-function-based quality adjustment index.

并按该定义，根据特征价格指数使用特征价格函数的材料不同和使用的数据结构不同，给出了特征价格指数的分类方法和不同分类的定义。2、根据特征价格指数使用特征价格函数的材料不同和使用的数据结构不同，划分出四种主要的特征价格指数编制方法，即截面数据特征价格指数法、合并数据特征价格指数法、特征价格模拟法和特征价格质量调整法。

Characteristics of RUSA and Comparisons with Relevant RightsDiscuss the characteristics of RUSA; analyze through comparisons its differences from traditional usufruct, the right of using natural resources and land using right. Consider that the RUSA is a private right of public right feature based on public law, and hence is a kind of Real Right, and different from both traditional Real Right of Utilization and RUNR, instead, it is a special usufruct.Chapter III.

第二章&海域使用权特征与相关权利比较&论述了海域使用权的特征，主要研究分析海域使用权客体的特殊性、权源上的派生性及海域使用权的支配性、排他性、用益性、公示性、期限性、有偿性等特征；分析了海域使用权性质，认为海域使用权为一种公法上规定的具有较强公共性的私权，是一种物权，是一种用益物权；比较分析了海域使用权与土地所有权、水权、渔业权、矿业权、海域承包经营权、海域租赁权的区别，认为海域使用权既不同于传统的用益物权，也不同于自然资源使用权，应界定为一种特殊的用益物权。

In the United States, chronic alcoholism and hepatitis C are the most common ones.

在美国，慢性酒精中毒，肝炎是最常见的。

If you have any questions, you can contact me anytime.

如果有任何问题，你可以随时联系我。