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Compared with other available instruments the velometer has the advantages of highly automatic operation, rapid response, flexibility and relatively much lower cost. 2 Sequential flow is the most important function of a step gating system. Till now the studies about it have given little information.

针对以往关于阶梯浇注系统研究中，对各层内浇口分层注入功能研究不够，缺乏定量测量结果的不足，本文工作中采用微计算机化的光电非浸入式流速测量仪，首次实现了对几种典型的阶梯式浇注系统各层内浇口流速在浇注过程中变化情况的动态测量。

We sense that deep down our true nature is something stronger, freer, with great wisdom and power; or else a thing of violent passions and furious animal desire.

我们感觉到深藏在於本性内的是一种强大又自由而且拥有大智慧及力量；又或者一种如动物欲望般激动猛烈的东西。

Effects of four insecticides on intestinal mucosa permeability of the wolf spider were studied by exposing spiders to insecticides and then measuring the concentration of fluorescein isothiocyanate-dextran in the spiders'blood. The results showed that FITC-D concentrations of the test groups were much more than that of the control group.

采用异硫氰酸荧光素-葡聚糖作为示踪物质，通过检测拟环纹豹蛛血液内的荧光素浓度，研究了两种生物源杀虫剂和两种化学源杀虫剂对拟环纹豹蛛肠黏膜通透性的影响。

The comparison of most metal concentrations showes significant difference among interand intra-species, and T. taxirameum, E sinensis and B. argenteum accumulat greatly more than the others.

通过对苔藓种内和种间重金属含量的比较，研究发现苔藓植物对重金属的积累能力有显著性差异。

Some taxon-selective primers that were intended to be specific to fungi and basidiomycetes respectively have been designed and tested to characterize fungal symbionts by amplification of specific sequences in the nuclear ribosomal unit.

大量DNA分析新技术在丛枝菌根真菌的分子遗传、分类鉴定、种间及种内亲缘关系、菌株持久性等方面得到应用，与传统菌根研究方法相比，表现出巨大的优越性。

Strains YL001 and YL002 formed a monophyletic clade with strains of X. nematophilus with sequence homology outweighing 99% and the sequence homology to genus Photorhabdus outweighing 94%. The lag, logarithmic, stationary and contabescence phase of the two bacteria were 0-6, 6-18, 18-66 and 66 h respectively; pH of strains YL001 and YL002 reduced to 5.70 and 5.56 at 12 h, respectively, and then rose gradually to 7.74 and 8.07 respectively when culture finished. Glucose content reduced quickly during 0-18 h, and then kept stable. Amido nitrogen content reached the lowest at 12 h and then rose slowly. YL001 exhibited the highest inhibitory effects at 54 h and YL002 exhibited highest inhibitory effects at 42 and 66 h respectively on B. cirerea and B. subtilis. Strains YL001 and YL002 belonged to X.

YL001和YL002菌株与嗜线虫致病杆菌种内菌株形成一个类群，序列同源性大于99%，与发光杆菌属内菌株的序列同源性大于94%。2菌株的延缓期、对数生长期、稳定期和衰亡期分别为0~6，6~18，18~66和66 h；培养12 h后，YL001和YL002菌株发酵液的pH值分别降低至5.70和5.56，此后逐渐上升，至发酵结束时其pH值分别为7.74和8.07；培养0~18 h时2菌株发酵液中还原糖含量迅速降低，此后保持稳定；12 h时氨基氮含量达到最低，此后开始缓慢上升；YL001菌株培养54 h后及YL002菌株培养42和66 h后，其对番茄灰霉病菌和枯草芽孢杆菌的抑制作用最强。

Latin's six cases cower in comparison with Estonian's 14, which include inessive, elative, adessive, abessive, and the system is riddled with irregularities and exceptions.

拉丁语六种格的变化与爱沙尼亚语的14种相比，真是小巫见大巫了。爱沙尼亚语包括内格，从格，近处格，还充斥着各种不规则现象和例外情况。

Specifically, itcontains 8 chapters.In chapter 1, the formation, structures, properties and the futureprospect of liposome were thoroughly reviewed;In chapter 2, the stibility and permeability of phopholipid -eleostericacid liposome were studied together with the effect of polymerizationof eleostearic acid. This membrane system was very sensitive to 〓,the effect of 〓 was clarified to increase the aggregation/fusion ofliposomes and made the permeability of mixed liposomes much higher;In chapter 3, two polymerizable conjugated diyne bolaamphiphiles were synthesized. They could form very stable mixed liposome, andthe diyne could be polymerized by UV light in bilayer liposomes, as aresult, the stability of mixed liposome against solvent or surfactantafter polymerization were enhanced. In chapter 4, two kinds of amphiphilic amino acids were synthesized andstable liposomes were formed therefrom After the condensationpolymerization of amino acid in bilayer liposomes, stable polypeptide liposomes were obtained, which had lower phase transition temperatureand higher permeability.In chapter 5, four kinds of glycolipids were synthesized and theiraggregation behavior in water was comparied. When incorporated intophospholipid bilayer membranes, they could increase the phase transitiontemperatures and inhibit the aggregation and fusion of mixedliposomesat lower temperature.In chapter 6 and 7, three kinds of steroidal bolaamphiphiles withdifferent chain lengths were synthesized. Incorporation of steroidalmoiety to the center of lipid bilayer membrane obviously increased themobility of lipid membrane and shifted Tc to lower temperature side incomparasion with cholesterol. The bolaamphiphile which was shorter thanthe hosted lipid bilayer membrane thickness influenced the lipid packingmore obviously.

全文共分8章：第一章对脂质体的形成、结构、性质及展望进行了较为详细的文献综述；第二章研究了磷脂-桐酸脂质体的稳定性，通透能力及桐酸的聚合对这些性质的影响；磷脂-桐酸混合脂质体为一类对〓灵敏的脂质体，〓的作用首先是使脂质体集聚然后使脂质体融合，并加速内包荧光物的释放；第三章通过合成两种可聚合共轭双炔双极性双亲分子DDCA，DDOL，研究了共双炔分子在双分子层脂质体膜上的聚合及对脂质体性质的影响，聚合可以提高脂质体相对于溶剂及表面活性剂的稳定性；第四章合成了两类氨基酸为极性基团的双亲分子，它们均可以在超声下形成稳定的脂质体结构；氨基酸基团可以在脂质体上进行缩聚反应，若聚合后脂质体表面仍有足够的亲水能力，则可得到稳定的多肽型脂质体；聚合后脂质体的相变温度降低，通透能力增加；第五章合成了四种亲水基团为单糖基的双亲分子GL-l，GL-2，GL-3， GL-4，研究了它们在水中的分散情况、集合体形态与分子结构的关系；在DMPC双分子层膜中加入糖脂分子可以使脂质体的相变温度提高，阻止脂质体在低温放置时的集聚与融合；第六章-第七章合成了三种不同碳链长度的双极性含胆甾环双亲分子 CL-1，CL-2，CL-3；它们可以象胆固醇一样与磷脂混合形成稳定脂质体，胆甾环基团位于脂质体双分子层膜的中间；与胆固醇的作用相反，它们可以增加磷脂双分子层膜的流动性，降低混合脂质体的相变温度；三种分子的作用与其碳链长度和磷脂双分子层膜的厚度有关，比膜厚度短的分子影响最大。

Three strains of bacteria were isolated from haemolymph, hepatopancreas, ascites and muscle of the diseased Eriocheir sinensis caused by aeromonas. All of the three isolates were Gram-negative rods, motile by means of single polar flagella, and were facultatively anaerobic; Glucoce was catabolized with production of acid and gas; Oxidase was positive.

利用硫酸铵盐析、Sephadex G-100凝胶层析和DEAE-Cellulose离子交换柱层析等方法，从其胞外产物中分离纯化出了2种胞外蛋白酶，用SDS-PAGE电泳测得两种蛋白酶的分子量分别为39.6kD和20kD.39.6kD蛋白酶活性在50℃～60℃范围内热稳定性最好，最适pH为9，而20kD蛋白酶的最适温度为50℃，最适pH为8。

749Mg/ml and 0.778u/ml, respectively. 5. Study on the viscosity changes of reaction solution and analysis of enzymatic hydrolysis products by TLC, HPLC showed that ChiB was an endo-type cleavage enzyme. It decreased viscosity of reaction solution, hydrolyzed β-(1, 4) glucosidic bond of chitosan, acted on GlcN-GlcN, GlcN-GlcNAc and/or GlcNAc-GlcN glucosidic bond. It did not act on GlcNAc-GlcNAc glucosidic bond. Hydrolysis products of chitosan were composed of chitotriose, chitotetraose and chitopentose.

通过测定酶解液体系粘度和对酶解产物的TLC、HPLC分析，在国内首次深入地研究并报道了内切、外切壳聚糖酶的酶解作用模式，结果表明：酶ChiB是一种内切酶，以内切方式水解壳聚糖的β-（1，4）糖苷键，即作用于GlcN-GlcN、GlcN-GlcNAc和／或GlcNAc-GlcN糖苷键，不能作用于GlcNAc-GlcNAc糖苷键；酶解终产物以壳三糖、壳四糖、壳五糖为主。

This one mode pays close attention to network credence foundation of the businessman very much.

这一模式非常关注商人的网络信用基础。

Cell morphology of bacterial ghost of Pasteurella multocida was observed by scanning electron microscopy and inactivation ratio was estimated by CFU analysi.

扫描电镜观察多杀性巴氏杆菌细菌幽灵和菌落形成单位评价遗传灭活率。