种

During the postgenomics era the information about genomic sequence and gene functions provides a new foundation for evolutionary biology and ecology As the first whole-genome sequenced plant Arabidopsis thaliana and its wild relatives have played a critical role in understanding the evolution of genomics and speciation Both A halleri and A lyrata are closely related to the model species A thaliana A halleri ssp gemmifera occurs in northeastern China Japan and Taiwan; while its sister A halleri ssp halleri is mainly distributed in Europe Geographical barriers such as Tienshan Mountain Range isolate these intraspecific sisters Likewise A lyrata ssp kamchatica and ssp lyrata occur in East Asia and North America respectively Such distribution patterns seem to be consistent with allopartic speciation The comparison between ancestral and extant polymorphism by multilocus can be informative about the population genetics of speciation In this study we collected and analyzed DNA sequences of 98 genes from four wild relatives of A thaliana A halleri ssp gemmifera A halleri ssp halleri A lyrata ssp kamchatica and A lyrata ssp lyrata The ancestral states of these four species were compared to each other in terms of level of genetic variation However the ancestral species at the time of speciation were substantially more polymorphic than the extant geographical populations The observations are not fully compatible with speciation by strict allopatry At some species pairs parapatric speciation seems more reasonable in speciation of Arabidopsis The 98 gene sequences are also used for the congruence test between gene genealogy and species phylogeny Only 28 genes support the species phylogeny but there are 23 genes supports another major genealogy { lyrata} thaliana Based on the phylogenetic position change of A lyrata ssp kamchatica and Ks value for each species pair suggested the recent directional gene flow between A halleri ssp gemmifera and A lyrata ssp kamchatica

阿拉伯芥是第一个完成基因体定序的开花植物，其基因体资讯提供植物学研究的重要依据；在解析阿拉伯芥属物种的亲缘关系以及种化机制等重要的演化议题时，阿拉伯芥近缘的野生物种自然成了不可或缺的关键；跟阿拉伯芥近缘的物种包括A halleri及A lyrata，其中A halleri ssp gemmifera主要分布於中国东北、日本以及台湾，与近缘的A halleri ssp halleri其分布於欧洲隔著天山及大陆的障蔽，而A lyrata ssp kamchatica主要分布於东北亚及台湾，与分布於北美五大湖的A lyrata ssp lyrata被北极圈所分隔，这样的分布模式暗示异域种化的可能。藉由多基因分析比较祖先物种与现生物种遗传歧异度的相关可提供讯息探讨种化时期的族群遗传结构，本研究针对A halleri ssp gemmifera、A halleri ssp halleri及A lyrata ssp kamchatica、A lyrata ssp lyrata四个物种，两对互为亚种的姊妹群，以阿拉伯芥为外群进行研究，在四个物种完成98个同源基因的分子序列，利用套装软体MCMCcoal来估算祖先物种的遗传变异，亦估算现生物种的核苷酸歧异度，观察到？多物种配对中祖先物种遗传多型性大於现生物种DNA歧异度，显示异域种化模型并无法完全解释阿拉伯芥属物种的种化模式，在某些物种配对间邻域种化模式应比异域种化更为可能；在基因树与物种树的比较，98个基因片段的亲缘模式只有28个是与已知物种树一致的，有23个基因其树状图支持{ lyrata} thaliana的型式，藉由kamchatica位置的变化以及估算各物种配对间的平均同义置换率，推测在A halleri ssp gemmifera与A lyrata ssp kamchatica间具有近代的单方向基因交流。

The average heterosis of the grain yield per plant is 75. 79%, 57. 67% and 12. 55% in the hybrids of the common wheat with spelt wheat, club wheat and itself respectively. the heterosis degree of the interspecific hybrid was greater than that of intervarietal hybrid.

普通小麦与斯卑尔脱小麦的种间杂种每株产量的平均杂种优势为75.79%，普通小麦与密穗小麦的种间杂种每株产量的平均杂种优势为57.67%，普通小麦品种间杂种每株产量的平均杂种优势为12.55%，种间杂种优势大于品种间杂种优势。

A catalyst composition for the polymerization of propylene comprising one or more Ziegler-Natta procatalyst compositions comprising one or more transition metal compounds and one or more esters of aromatic dicarboxylic acid internal electron donors; one or more aluminum containing cocatalysts; a selectivity control agent comprising at least one silicon containing compound containing at least one C1-10 alkoxy group bonded to a silicon atom, and one or more activity limiting agent compounds comprising one or more aliphatic or cycloaliphatic carboxylic acids; alkyl-, cycloalkyl- or alkyl-ester derivatives thereof; or inertly substituted derivatives of the foregoing.

一种用于丙烯聚合的催化剂组合物，所述催化剂组合物包括：一种或多种齐格勒-纳塔主催化剂组合物，该主催化剂组合物包括一种或多种过渡金属化合物和一种或多种芳族二羧酸酯内部电子给体；一种或多种包含铝的助催化剂；选择性控制剂，该选择性控制剂包括至少一种包含硅的化合物，该化合物包括至少一种与硅原子连接的C 1-10 烷氧基；和一种或多种活性限制剂化合物，该活性限制剂包括一种或多种脂族或脂环族的单或聚羧酸类、其烷基-、环烷基-或烷基-衍生物、或上述惰性取代的衍生物。

From October, 2005 to September, 2006, 16 different kinds of stridulation of the Soul's Barwing were recored during its breeding and non-breeding seasons, of which there were 14 kinds of the male's calls and 10 of the female's calls.

2005年10月～2006年9月录制了灰头斑翅鹛繁殖期和非繁殖期的16种鸣声，其中雄鸟鸣声有14种，包括：3种休息时鸣声，3种跳跃、飞行时鸣声，1 种报警鸣声，1种求救鸣声，1 种营救鸣声，1种恫吓鸣声及4种鸣唱。

Species in Ciconiiformes, 6 species in Gruiformse, 17 species in Anseriformes, 16 species in Charadriiformes, 1 species in Gaviiformes, 1 species in Podicipedifromse, 1 species in Phalacrocoraciformes, 6 species in Lariformes. The largest number of them came from Anseriformes and Lariformes .

本次调查共记录到56种水鸟，分别属于8目13科，其中鹳形目8种鹤形目6种，雁形目17种，形目16种，潜鸟目1种，鸊鷉目1种，鹈形目1种，鸥形目6种，数量最多的是鸥形目和雁形目的水鸟。

There are 370 kinds of plants, 194 kinds of insects, 26 kinds of fish, 17 kinds of amphibians and reptiles, 296 kinds of birds, 17 kinds of mammals, 201 kinds of phytoplankton, zooplankton 174 kinds, 23 kinds of benthic animals.

区内有植物370种，昆虫194种，鱼类26种，两栖爬行类17种，鸟类296种，兽类17种，浮游植物201种，浮游动物174种，底栖动物23种。

As a result,120 species and 24 varieties of the medical plant of Labiatae have been found in Guizhou.42 species and 4 varieties of the medical plant of Gesneriaceae have been found in Guizhou.Among them,there are 1 species new species of the medical plant,2 species new record genus and species of geographic...

结果发现贵州现有唇形科药用植物120种24变种，苦苣苔科药用植物42种4变种，其中1种为药用植物新种，2种为贵州地理分布新记录属和种，1种为贵州地理分布新记录种，7种4变种为贵州特有药用植物，31种3变种为贵州药用新资源。

A catalyst composition for the polymerization of propylene comprising one or more Ziegler-Natta procatalyst compositions comprising one or more transition metal compounds and one or more esters of aromatic dicarboxylic acid internal electron donors; one or more aluminum containing cocatalysts; and a mixture of two or more different selectivity control agents, said SCA mixture comprising from 1 to 99 percent of one or more esters of one or more aromatic monocarboxylic acids or substituted derivatives thereof, and from 99 to 1 percent of one or more alkoxysilane compounds.

一种用于丙烯聚合的催化剂组合物，包括：一种或多种齐格勒-纳塔主催化剂组合物，该齐格勒-纳塔主催化剂组合物包括一种或多种过渡金属化合物和一种或多种芳族二羧酸酯内部电子给体；一种或多种包含铝的辅催化剂；和两种或更多种不同的选择性控制剂的混合物，所述SCA混合物包括1到99％的一种或多种芳族单羧酸的一种或多种酯或其取代衍生物、和99到1％的一种或多种烷氧基硅烷化合物。

In the area, it is rich in wild plant resources, and the statistic result shows that there are about 40 wild fruit tre es, 30 edible plants, 64 forage plants, 111 nectariferous plants, 132 ornamental pla nts, 50 perfume plants and 131medic...

在这些植物种类中有国家重点保护植物9种、中国珍稀濒危保护植物3种、自治区重点保护植物9种；林区野生植物资源非常丰富，统计结果表明：野生果树40种、食用植物30种、饲用植物64种、蜜源植物111种、观赏植物132种、香料植物50种、药用植物131种。

Light buffet included, 30 kinds of salad, 20 cold appetizers, 10 kinds of Japanese Sushi, 10 kinds of sandwich, 5 kinds of pizza, 2 kinds of soup, 5 kinds of bread and dessert, 3 kinds of fruit, 5 kinds of noodles, 5 kinds of Cantonese conjee, each person will be given a free Daily soup .

轻式自助餐出品：由三十种沙拉组成的沙拉吧，凉菜二十种，日式寿司十种，三明治十种，意大利比萨饼五种，汤两种，面包，甜品五种，水果三种，面五种，粥五种，每位赠送一份广东例汤。

Neither the killing of Mr Zarqawi nor any breakthrough on the political front will stop the insurgency and the fratricidal murders in their tracks.

在对危险的南部地区访问时，他斥责什叶派民兵领导人对中央集权的挑衅行为。

In fact,I've got him on the satellite mobile right now.

实际上 我们已接通卫星可视电话了