种

The key species in the pioneer species period is Achillea capillaries, Izeris denticulate, Salsola colliha., than the key species gradually change to Potentilla spp, Heteropappus altaicus, Cleistogenes spp in the species gradually prosperity period, Lespedeza dahurica, Stipa bungeana, Artemisia sacrorum in the species quasi-steady period, Lespedeza dahurica, Artemisia sacrorum in the species relatively steady period, Peri ploca sepium Bunge, Clematis fruticosa turcz, Spiraea spp in the bush pioneer species invasion period.

其中先锋植物物种期以茵陈蒿、苦买菜、猪毛菜为关键种；物种渐繁荣期以委陵菜、阿尔泰狗哇花和隐子草为关键种；物种鼎盛期多物种共存，关键种不明显；物种准稳定期以长芒草、铁杆蒿和达乌里胡枝子为关键种；物种相对稳定期以铁杆蒿、达乌里胡枝子为关键种；灌木先锋物种主要有杠柳、木本铁线莲、绣线菊等。

The same result can also be achieved when optimizing F8 function (Rastrigin's function). Comparing to EGA, KEGA is easy to realize and the increase of computation load can be neglected, but the performance of KEGA can be improved greatly. 2. To enhance the speed of AIA, two new methods of computing the concentration of antibody were developed. Simulation results for F8 and F15 (needle in haystack: type I) functions show that the two methods can improve the running speed of AIA more than 8. 5 times. 3. As to the drawback in defining antibody concentration, a new definition based on Euclidean distance between two antibodies and fitness is proposed. On this basis, a new AIA was constructed. The convergence performance are more better than that of AIA. 4. Combining king crossover with AAIA and DBAIA, two new AIAs, KAAIA and DKBAIA, were proposed.

仿真实验结果表明KEGA实现简单，与EGA相比，其增加的计算开销可以忽略，但性能改善十分明显； 2、针对基于信息熵的免疫算法运行速度慢的缺点，提出了二种能够加快AIA运行速度的新的抗体浓度计算方法，得到两种新的免疫算法，即加速的人工免疫算法(Accelerated Artificial Immune Algorithm，AAIA)和加速的人工免疫算法-2（Accelerated Artificial Immune Algorithm-2，AAIA-2），对测试函数F15(needle in haystack：type I)、F8函数的仿真研究表明，这两种算法的运行速度都是AIA的8.5倍以上； 3、针对AIA的浓度定义存在的缺陷，提出了一种新的基于抗体间欧氏距离和适应度的新的抗体浓度定义，并依据该定义构造了一种基于欧氏距离的人工免疫算法(Euclidean Distance-based Artificial Immune Algorithm，DBAIA)。

Of them, nineteen alien invasive species belonging to Asteraceae, eight to Poaceae, and seven to Fabaceae and Amaranthaceae respectively, and they take up 56.2% of the total number of the invasive plants in Guangzhou.

结果表明：广州市现有外来入侵植物73种，隶属于27科59属，其中菊科(19种)、禾本科(8种)、豆科(7种)和苋科(7种)植物占了入侵植物总种数的56.2%。

The second layer (10) comprises: 100 parts by weight of an acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber, said acrylonitrile rubber comprising from 20 to 65 percent by weight of bound acrylonitrile; from 3 to 20 parts by weight, per 100 parts by weight of the NBR, of at least one acid acceptor; from 1 to 10 parts by weight, per 100 parts by weight of the NBR, of at least one organophosphonium salt; and from 0.25 to 10 parts by weight, per 100 parts by weight of the NBR, of at least one amidine.

公开的是一种包含直接相互接触的第一层与第二层的软管；第一层包含从四氟乙烯、六氟丙烯、偏二氟乙烯、和全氟乙烯醚衍生的一种热塑性四元共聚物；第二层包含100重量份丙烯腈丁二烯橡胶，所述丙烯腈橡胶包含约20～约65wt％结合丙烯腈；每100重量份NBR约3～约20重量份至少一种酸受体；每100重量份NBR约1～约10重量份至少一种有机盐；和每100重量份NBR约0.25～约10重量份至少一种脒。

The results indicated that there were six types of sensilla, namely, finger-like sensilla, platcodeum sensilla, trichoid sensilla, ampullaceous sensilla and chaetic sensilla on the antenna of two wasps. The type, number, and distribution patterns of the antennal sensilla were similar in the two species, but the differences between two sexes were significant.

结果发现，在两种寄生蜂的触角上着生着6种感器，分别为指形感器、板状感器、毛形感器、坛形感器、刺形感器、蒲姆氏鬃；两种桑天牛卵寄生蜂触角感器的种类、数量及分布模式在种间没有明显差异，但在种内雌雄个体间差异较为显著。

When they are carved from stone, or formed from glass it is the shape itself that is amuletic. These items were not made to hold anything, but are symbolic of that function. Because agate is considered a powerful and fortunate stone, this is a good material for any sort of amulet.

如果人们有一件雕刻过的石头或者一种造型的琉璃，它的造型就是一种护身符这样的东西就不是用来装入某种物质的而仅仅是一种功能的象征，因为玛瑙是一种力量和幸运的石头，对于护身符来说这是一种很好的物质。

Based on the study of 120 cultivated herbaceous peonies and 8 wild species native to China, the relationship among them was firstly investigated, and the result indicated that 4 narrowly-distributed wild species involving Paeonia sinjiangensis K. Y. Pan, P. anomala L., P. emodi Wallich ex Royle and P. sterniana Fletcher have no chance to be the ancestor of Chinese cultivated herbaceous peonies. Then the difference and similarity existed in the root, leaves and flowers of the wild species and cultivars was exhaustively compared and it is concluded by the equivalent affinity between P. lactiflora Pall. and the cultivars.

以原产我国的120个栽培品种和8个野生种为主要研究对象，首先根据地理分布的差异对栽培芍药与各个野生种的亲疏关系进行了分析探讨，表明新疆芍药、块根芍药、多花芍药和白花芍药等4个窄布种不可能参与我国芍药品种的栽培起源；然后对栽培品种和各野生种之间的根、叶及花等性状的差异进行了细致的比较分析，进一步证明川赤芍亦不可能参与我国栽培芍药品种的起源，草芍药和美丽芍药等2个种对我国栽培芍药的起源影响甚微。

Results 18 microalgae species were detected from the 42 samples including 4 species in Cyanophyta, 9 in chlorophyta, 4 in bacillariophyta and 1 in Euglenophyta.

结果 共发现18种微藻，包括4种蓝藻、9种绿藻、4种硅藻、1种裸藻。

Totally, 93 taxon belonging to 4 phyla were observed, among them, 68 taxon in 35 genera belonged to Bacillariophyta, 21 taxon in 11 genera for Dinophyta, 2 taxon in 1 genus for Cyanophyta and 2 taxon in 1 genus for Chrysophyta.

共鉴定浮游植物93种，其中硅藻35属68种，甲藻11属21种，蓝藻1属2种以及金藻1属2种。

The investigation collected total about 1800 insect specimens, 130 species belonging to 51 families, 9 orders, 2 classes were identified. Among them, 105 species (40 families, 6 orders, 1 classes) were pests and 25 species (10 families, 5 orders, 2 classes) were natural enemies. In addition, two new record species, Caulophilus oryzae and Bruchus dentipes, were found.

通过调查采集，共查到出口木制品仓储昆虫群落害虫及天敌2目、23科、38种；出口草柳藤制品仓储害虫及天敌3目、22科、34种；出口皮革制品仓储害虫及天敌4目、24科、44种；出口羽绒制品仓储害虫及天敌4目、20科、35种；出口笔刷制品仓储害虫及天敌3目、26科、39种。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。