离线的

This paper proposes an universal e-cash system based on partially blind signature which can be divided to small pieces of arbitrary number one time, so-called single-divisibility.

针对通用电子现金系统的难点在于其可分性，本文提出的方案以SK00系统为基础，实现其转移性(SK00公开问题)，并给商家颁发电子执照行使银行的部分职能，进而提出了一个显式可分(即一次性任意分割电子现金)的离线电子货币系统；同时利用以前的技术实现了一个采用树型结构的可分电子现金系统，并比较了这两个方案和以前方案的效率；二者安全性基于离散对数问题和强无碰撞Hash函数安全性；最后本文利用代理签名给出了一个新的部分盲签名方案。

With the rapid development of power system and the gradual opening of electric power markets, the traditional method based on the off-line data and the mode controlled by VQC separately can not meet the demands of the modern electric corporation in evidence.

随着电力系统的飞速发展和电力市场的逐步开放，传统的基于离线数据的无功电压优化手段和依靠无功电压综合控制装置的变电站分散控制方式显然已经不能满足现代电力企业的要求。

The back-propagation neural network was applied to modeling the primary mirror surface with inputs of actuator applied force and outputs of Zernike polynomial coefficient. By using primary mirror finite element analysis data, BP model was trained offline and its predictive precision was verified.

应用BP神经网络的方法建立了以致动器作用力为输入、镜面形变的Zernike多项式拟合系数为输出的镜面形变模型，并利用镜面形变的有限元分析的大量数据，对BP模型进行离线训练和模型预测效果的检验。

Stamens inserted at corolla base; filaments distinct, threadlike, alternate with minute teeth; anthers connivent, adnate to stigma head, appendages membranous; pollen tetrads in solitary masses in each anther cell, pollen carriers erect; retinaculum minute, dilated at base.

在花冠基部着生的雄蕊；离生的花丝，线状，互生的具小牙齿；靠合的花药，贴生于柱头头状花序，附属物膜质；在每间花药小屋，花粉搬运工直立里的在单生群众里的四合花粉； retinaculum小，膨大的在基部。

The key technology of wavelet deˉnoising is how to choose threshold and thresholding function, which is diˉ rectly related to the filtering effect, but in nowadays the discus sion is mainly based on offˉline analysis.

在使用小波域阈值滤波方法消除光纤陀螺输出噪声时，阈值的确定和阈值函数的选取是两个关键问题，它们直接关系到小波滤波的滤波效果，目前关于此方面的讨论较多基于离线分析。

With the aid of cooling water optimization offline, a new dynamic control model based on optimized relation among speed, superheat and cooling water is obtained considering superheats effects on temperature field.

在实现二冷水量离线优化的基础上，分析了钢水过热度对铸坯凝固过程的影响，并通过数据拟合的方法得到了一种基于拉速—过热度—水量最优关系方程的动态控制模型。

In Portland, Maine, the land along the old train tracks near the coast has become a green belt of trails between areas characterized by housing developments and those characterized by downtown businesses.

在缅因州的波特兰市，那离海岸不远处的旧铁路延线的土地已经变成了一长条绿化带，正好处于以住宅开发为特征的区域和市中心以商业为特征的区域之间。

There are hundreds, if not thousands of middlemen and outright scam artists in the online and offline wholesale industry today, I have said it many times- so it is essential that you know your potential wholesaler or distributor background and reliability.

有数百、如果不是数以千计的中间商，直接在线和离线诈骗艺术家批发业今天我已经说过很多次的，这是必要的，你知道你的潜力批发商或经销商背景和可靠性。

In chapter 6, based on the analysis of traditional fuzzy logic control, a new fuzzy logic controller which is realized by DIFNN is proposed, and the training data acquirement, the on-line and off-line learning algorithm, the stability of control system is analyzed in detail.

在第六章，在分析传统模糊控制的基础上，提出了一种由模糊神经网络实现的自适应模糊控制器，详细分析了训练数据的获取方式，控制器的在线学习方法，离线学习方法和控制系统的稳定性，最后给出了一仿真实例。

In order to improve the accuracy of feul injection, it needs to accurately measure the offset error out line of the top dead center position and crank's angle, and then revise the instability caused by these offset errors.

为了提高燃油喷射的精确度，需要对曲轴上止点位置的偏离量和曲轴转角的偏离量进行精确的离线测量，来修正由这些偏差而引起的发动机工作不稳定。

We have no common name for a mime of Sophron or Xenarchus and a Socratic Conversation; and we should still be without one even if the imitation in the two instances were in trimeters or elegiacs or some other kind of verse--though it is the way with people to tack on 'poet' to the name of a metre, and talk of elegiac-poets and epic-poets, thinking that they call them poets not by reason of the imitative nature of their work, but indiscriminately by reason of the metre they write in.

索夫农 、森那库斯和苏格拉底式的对话采用的模仿没有一个公共的名称；三音步诗、挽歌体或其他类型的诗的模仿也没有——人们把&诗人&这一名词和格律名称结合到一起，称之为挽歌体诗人或者史诗诗人，他们被称为诗人，似乎只是因为遵守格律写作，而非他们作品的模仿本质。

The relationship between communicative competence and grammar teaching should be that of the ends and the means.

交际能力和语法的关系应该是目标与途径的关系。