离散过程

Based on analysing the respective characteristics of regular PID controller in trational control theory and fuzzy logical controller in intelligent control theory, the idea and technique of expert system is introduced to develop a novel kind of hybrid intelligent controller. It can coordinate two kinds of control algorithms and tune the control parameters on-line for different working zones of the controlled process.(3) The hybrid knowledge expression model, which combines discrete state space model, fuzzy relational model and rule base model, is proposed based on analysing the characteristics of all kinds of knowledge expression models. The knowledge of the controlled process in different aspects can be expressed resonably by it. Based on the model mentioned above, the related optimization strategy for complex system is developed.

本文的主要贡献体现在：（1）以炼油厂的催化裂化装置和钢铁联合企业的大型焦炉装置两个典型的复杂工业过程为例，分析了工业大系统的许多不易控制的特性，并归纳了其中的几个典型特征；（2）针对经典控制理论中的常规PID调节器和智能控制技术中的模糊逻辑控制器各自的特点，通过引入专家系统的思想和方法，开发了一类混合式专家控制器，它同时具备在线协调两种不同控制规律和自动学习控制规则的能力；（3）通过分析各种知识表达模型的特点，提出了一类包括离散状态空间模型、模糊关系模型和规则基模型在内的混合知识表达模型，它能对过程知识在各个不同侧面给予合理的描述。

Conventionally the electric load forecasting can hardly attain a result whose accuracy meets what's required. A short-term load forecasting model is therefore developed to solve the problem, based on the process neural network of which the input is the function of time and the high forecasting accuracy is available. Describes the structure of the model, discrete data fitting method by the expansion of function orthogonal basis and learning algorithm.

针对目前常用方法在解决负荷预测问题时，结果往往难以达到工程要求精度的现状，利用过程神经网络输入为时间函数以及预测精度高的特点，建立了基于过程神经网络的电力系统短期负荷预测模型；给出了模型的结构，基于函数正交基展开的离散数据拟合方法以及模型的学习算法。

On the practice basis of fully mechanized sublevel caving of hard and thick coal, a discrete element software was used to do simulation test and influence of crack in process of mining coal on the top-coal caving and the development process of the fracture were analyzed, which could be used to determine the top coal caving characteristics.

分析了倾斜厚煤层顶煤裂隙和顶煤可放性的影响因素，在硬、厚煤层综采放顶煤现场实践的基础上，运用离散元软件进行了模拟试验，分析了煤层在采动过程中形成的裂隙对顶煤冒落的影响以及裂隙的发育过程，据此判断顶煤的冒放性。

The polynomial function bases are used to form the approximately matching function. Moreover, the discrete values of grey image is transformed to polinomial function that are exact fit at the considered pixel locations. As a result, The mathematical operations performed such as derivation, integration, and gradient evaluation also give out the polynomial functions, therefore, the system of undetermined coefficient equations is derived to be a system of linear algebraic equations.

我们把立体匹配过程看作泛函的极小化过程，因此选用变分问题近似解法的Ritz法构造数值算法，以多项式函数为基构作匹配函数的近似解，进而又利用多项式过样值点的拟合将离散的灰度图象变换为多项式函数，因此计算中所需的求导，积分，及梯度运算的结果仍然是多项式函数，最终将待定系数方程组化为线性代数方程组。

The main idea of the simulation is adopting Monte Carlo method and the classical over barrier model to simulate the randomicity of the charge exchange processes between projectile and metal and the dispersing of projectile's continuum movement. In each step, the movement of projectile is considered to a uniform acceleration.

本论文模拟的基本思想是在经典过垒模型下，采用蒙特卡罗方法来模拟入射离子与固体间电荷交换过程的随机性，并将入射离子连续的运动过程离散化，在每一个步长中，将入射离子的运动近似看成是匀加速直线运动。

Lastly, the demagnetizable method to high-speed moving steel pipe is researched and the discrete time method is used to explain the demagnetizable processing of steel pipe.

提出了采用时间上离散化的退磁过程分析方法，很好的解释了钢管的退磁过程，解决了钢管高速运动中的退磁问题。

Based on theories of envelope and discrete mathematics, the geometric models of flutes being machined are theoretically studied, the approaches of checking machining theories and simulation of machining process are discussed, and wireframe or entitative simulation pictures are given.

基于包络和离散数学理论，论文对加工后的刀槽几何模型进行了理论性研究，讨论了成形理论检验及加工过程的仿真方法，给出了加工过程线框的或实体的仿真图形。

We will select propriety space of time to set up node, so we could simulate trolly travels different location on boom which change by time during the work circulate.

根据卸船机工作循环中小车的行走过程将卸船机的大梁离散化，选取适当的时间间隔建立节点，通过这样来模拟小车在工作循环过程中随着时间的变化而分别作用在大梁不同的位置。

The dynamics model of missile sealifts system for navy ships connected parallely is established. The dynamics simulation analysis of system is studied. The dynamics characteristic of missile box on the condition of different sea states and place parameters of crane are analyzed. The theory and technology bases for the design of system of missile sealifts or navy ships connected parallely are presented. The controlled multibody system dynamics of the system of missile sealifts with wave compensation for navy ships connected parallely is presented. On the condition of stochastic momevement of depot ship and incept ship and under the action of sealifts and wave compensation, the dynamics of sealifts system is studied by using discrete time transfer matrix method of multibody system. The calculate method of electric machine impule is developed in the process of supplying missile and action of wave compensate. Based on the PLC control system, the control method, which control supply process by testing torque of guide strings is presented.

本文建立了舰艇并靠导弹补给动力学模，进行了舰艇并靠导弹补给及波浪补偿系统动力学仿真分析，获得了导弹箱在不同海况下和舰用起重机不同位置参数的运动规律，为舰艇并靠导弹补给系统设计提供了理论依据和技术基础；建立了舰艇并靠导弹补给及波浪补偿受控系统多体动力学，在补给舰和被补给舰随机运动下，在补给和波浪补偿系统作用下，应用多体系统离散时间传递矩阵法进行了补给系统动力学分析，得到了导弹补给过程中，波浪补偿时，导引电机和卷扬电机输入电机脉冲计算方法；建立了以PLC 控制系统为核心，用扭矩传感器测量导引带产生的扭矩来控制补给过程的控制方法；对系统振动问题进行了研究，提出了通过调整伺服电机参数减少系统振动的方法。

On the basis of the investigation of different moments, the concept of generalized moments is firstly defined and then, an abstract algorithm framework for computing the accurate generalized moments is presented. The framework replaces integrals on 2-dimensions space by summations on 1-dimension ORBIR list without introducing the error incurred by discrete sampling, and therefore, reduces the computation complexity for moments generation.

矩在工程实践中的应用非常广泛，在考察矩的实质的基础上，定义了泛化矩的概念，并研究泛化矩的生成框架，该框架在不引入离散化过程中存在的采样误差的前提下，将矩生成过程中需要的二重积分运算转化为在一维的ORBIR矩形序列上的求和，因此降低了矩生成的计算复杂度。

In the United States, chronic alcoholism and hepatitis C are the most common ones.

在美国，慢性酒精中毒，肝炎是最常见的。

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如果有任何问题，你可以随时联系我。