离散的

The concepts of the measure of diversity, the least increment diversity and the finite coefficient of diversity are applied to predict subcellular location of a protein according to the characteristics of statistical results and the properties of the measure of diversity that can reveal total information of system. The proteins subcellular locations are predicted by using of the least increment of diversity with the data standardized transformation. In addition, the formulas for evaluating the performance of the prediction results are given.

针对统计结果的特点和离散量反映系统整体信息的性质，将离散量、离散增量和离散有限系数等概念应用于预测蛋白质的亚细胞定位，对数据作标准化变换后用离散量理论方法预测蛋白质亚细胞定位，最后给出预测结果优劣的评价公式。

The result verifies that the discrete model with power series direct discretization method requires 100 memory length to obtain the better approximation, while one with continued fraction direct discretization method requires only 10 order. Thus the continued fraction direct discretization method is preferable to digital realization of fractional order control algorithms in engineering applications.

研究结果表明，幂级数直接离散法得到近似离散模型需要记忆长度为100方可获得较好的近似，而连分式直接离散法近似离散模型为10阶时就可以获得较好的近似，因此连分式直接离散法比较适合于分数阶控制算法的实际工程应用。

Restricted by the assumption of low-order linear displacement approximation in each block, Discrete Element Methods often have to mesh many continuum parts of the problem domain into small discrete blocks when simulating crack propagation problems, and the result is very sensitive to the very way that divides the domain.

一般离散单元计算方法受离散块体低阶线性位移近似的限制，在模拟开裂过程时，需要将大部分实际上连续的区域离散化，离散方式对分析结果有显著影响。

In discrete operator difference method, the displacements of the elements can be reproduced exactly in the discrete forms whether the displacements are conforming or not.

在离散算子差分方法中，无论单元位移函数是否协调，其位移函数均能在离散格式中得到十分好再现，说明了离散算子差分方法的离散格式是一种性能很优良的离散格式。

And we show that random walk model converges to the stable law of Lévy-Feller advection-dispersion equation by use of a properly scaled transition to vanish-ing space and time steps,We propose an explicit finite difference approximation for Lévy-Feller advection-dispersion equation.

第三章讨论描述服从某种稳定分布反常扩散的非对称空间分数阶对流-扩散方程——Lévy-Feller对流-扩散方程，首先利用Fourier变换和Laplace变换给出方程的基本解，然后利用Grünwald-Letnikov分数阶导数移位离散算子离散方程中的Riesz-Feller分数阶导数得到离散格式，证明此格式可以解释为离散随机游走模型，并且证明了当时间和空间步长以一定的比率同时趋于0时，所提出的离散随机游走模型收敛到Lévy-Feller对流-扩散过程的稳定分布。

Discrete calculus , discrete probability distribution s, discrete Fourier transform s, discrete geometry , discrete logarithm s, discrete differential geometry , discrete exterior calculus , discrete Morse theory , difference equation s, and discrete dynamical system s.

在应用数学中，离散模型连续模型的离散近似。在离散模型中，离散方程are fit to 数据。使用递推关系是这种建模方式的一般方法。时标微积分是差分方程理论与微分方程理论的统一，应用在需要建立离散和连续同步数据模型的领域。

Recently, Shelnutt and co-workers obtained discrete porphyrin nanosheets reprecipitated from their solutions;[3] Sathish and co-workers constructed hexagonal C60 nanosheets using a liquid–liquid interfacial precipitation method;[4] the groups of Yao[5] and Hu[6] prepared singlecrystalline nanosheets of polycyclic aromatics using a surfactant- assisted reprecipitation and a physical vapor transporting method, respectively; and Zhang and co-workers suggested that molecules with intramolecular charge-transfer dipole moments could be grown into quasi-2D nanostructures.

近年来，Shelnutt及其同事由他们的溶液再沉淀获得了离散的卟啉纳米片[3]； Sathish和他的同事用液－液界面沉淀法构建了六边形的C60纳米片[4]； Yao[5]和Hu[6]分别用表面活性剂辅助的再沉淀和物理气相输运法制备了多环芳烃的单晶纳米片；而Zhang和他的同事提出，具有分子内电荷转移偶极矩的分子可以生长成准二维的纳米结构[7]。

According to pressing dispersed features of debris cobbles mixture,it researches deeply on relationships between dry density and grinding rates or grinding times.

针对砂砾卵石混合料压实特性离散的特点，对其干密度与碾压速度的关系、干密度与碾压遍数的关系进行了深入的压实研究，通过对碾压前、碾压4遍、碾压6遍的筛分试验，对到粗粒填料压实前后的粒度成分的变化规律进行了研究。

3D-CTM (Coupled Thermo-Mechanical Forming Simulation) software for precision forging process of aero-engine blade was developed. The key technologies of 3D coupled rigid-viscoplastic thermo-mechanical FEM simulation of blade forging process were studied systematically. By using the remeshing method of contracting from the boundary to the inner, new mesh system from old distorted mesh system can be obtained. A method of modifying the position of nodes touching on the die according to its original normal was proposed to avoid "dead lock" problem due to uncontinuity of normal of scatted die meshes. The pseudo-static iterative algorithm was used to simplify the coupled thermo-mechanical computation. In particular, formulations to determine relaxation factor β was established for rigid viscoplastic FEM adopting penalty function method, and an improved cubic factor rapid algorithm derived from these formulations was proposed by combining with the advantage of advance and retreat search method.

采用基于边界构形的内缩法，实现了三维畸变网格的重新划分；提出了初矢修正法对触模节点的位置进行修正，解决了由于离散的模具网格的法矢不连续造成的&死锁&问题；采用准静态迭代法简化了速度场和温度场耦合计算过程；特别是针对减速因子β的选取，建立了适用于三维复杂成形过程刚粘塑性罚函数法有限元三次因子法的计算公式，并结合进退搜索法提出了改进的三次因子快速算法，提高了模拟计算效率和稳定性，在此基础之上，开发了面向叶片精锻过程的三维刚粘塑性热力耦合有限元模拟分析系统(3D-CTM)，系统的可靠性得到了圆柱体镦粗的验证。

Based on the above-mentioned characters, this paper analyzes and improves the building method of non-restraint triangulated irregular network and the embedded approach of constraint conditions, provides a kind of computational method which is used to compute the strip mine earthwork calculation based on constrained triangulated irregular network. a experiment system, which auto-complete the update of the strip mine relief map and earthwork calculation with the discrete elevation point, is developed by using the VBA development tool of AutoCAD.

基于上述特点，本文主要分析并改进了无约束三角网建立的方法与约束条件的嵌入方法，研究了基于带约束条件的不规则三角网的露天矿采剥土方量的计算方法，并利用了AutoCAD内嵌的VBA开发工具，实现了一个以离散的高程点为数据，自动完成露天矿地形图更新绘制与土方量计算的实验系统。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。