离散

By means of the difference discrete variational principle, discrete Legendre transformation and discrete version of the E-L cohomology, for a kind of regular meshes we''ve found there is a kind of symplectic/multisymplectic structures with corresponding symplectic/multisymplectic finite element method/mixed finite element method schemes.

利用差分离散变分原理、离散Legendre变换和EL上同调的离散形式，对于正规网格找到一类有限元和混合有限元的辛或多辛结构，以及相应的辛有限元/混合有限元格式。

Combinatorial computational geometry, which deals with collections of discrete objects or defined in discrete terms: points, lines, polygons, polytopes, etc., and algorithms of discrete/combinatorial character are used

组合计算几何。处理一系列离散的或用离散术语来定义的对象：点，线，多边形，多面体等等，并使用离散/组合特性的算法。

It make a formally unification between discrete distribution and continuous distribution at the definition of failure rate function.

四。借助广义δ函数，首次提出了离散型分布失效率函数的一种新的定义，这种定义使离散型分布与连续型分布的失效率函数定义在形式上得到统一，这种形式上的统一使得离散型寿命分布中各特征函数之间的关系与连续型寿命分布中各特征函数之间的关系完全相同。

A fixed point of a discrete-time neural network with generalized input-output function and by using the converse theorem of Lyapunov function we study the uniformly asymptotical stability of equilibrium in this discrete-time neural network with variable weight and give some sufficient conditions that guarantee the stability of it.

本文首先介绍了几类离散神经网络模型的由来及其研究概况，利用Schauder不动点原理证明了一类具有广义输入输出函数的离散神经网络模型平衡点的存在性，利用Lyapunov函数逆定理给出了这类离散神经网络模型在时变权值下的一致渐近稳定性的充分条件。

In this thesis, we firstly introduce several class of discrete-time neural network models and the research progress of the neural networks. By Schauder fixed-point principle we prove the existence of an equilibrium (i.e. a fixed point) of a discrete-time neural network with generalized input-output function and by using the converse theorem of Lyapunov function we study the uniformly asymptotical stability of equilibrium in this discrete-time neural network with variable weight and give some sufficient conditions that guarantee the stability of it.

本文首先介绍了几类离散神经网络模型的由来及其研究概况，利用Schauder不动点原理证明了一类具有广义输入输出函数的离散神经网络模型平衡点的存在性，利用Lyapunov函数逆定理给出了这类离散神经网络模型在时变权值下的一致渐近稳定性的充分条件。

These culture conditions not only maintain the undifferentiated state and normal diploid karyotypes of BALB/c mouse ES cells effectively, but also maintain a series of their characteristics of murine stem cells. two different kinds of digestive methods and Two kinds of digestive juice with different concentrations were designed to dissociate proliferous inner cell mass and ES cell clonies deriver from dissociative ICM.

这一培养条件不但有效地维持了ES细胞的未分化状态和正常二倍体核型，而且维持了其作为多能性胚胎干细胞的一系列特征；实验设计了两种离散方法和两种浓度的消化液，用来离散增殖的ICM和ICM离散后出现的ES集落。

The main objective of this dissertation was to develop methodologies with capability of engineering application for simulating flow in fractured rock using discontinuum models. The study work includes three parts. In the first part, numerical methodology of three-dimensional discrete fracture network model casing on hybrid BEM-channel was presented, and the technique for improve the model's computing efficiency was also studied. Firstly in this part, computer simulation methodology based on the Baechermodel for generating network of discrete fractures was presented, which includes the follow details: probability distributions of fracture density,orientation, trace length, size, and aperture and estimation of their statistical parameters; stochastic models of fracture network; Monte-Carlo's simulation method; numerical simulation procedure and technicality.

给出了离散裂隙网络模型所依据的基本假定；发展了基于Baecher模型的离散裂隙网络计算机随机生成技术：详细地推导了单裂隙渗流和多裂隙相交网络渗流的边界单元法公式，发展了离散裂隙网络中稳态渗流的边界元数值技术，并且讨论了相关的具体数值技术细节，如角点的处理方法，单元的自动剖分等：描述了混合边界元—管流模拟方法及其数值实现；研究了裂隙网络的简化方法，并针对裂隙网络边界元法的特点提出了一种改进的分块三角分解法。

The effective prediction space concept is established, On the base of these, this paper deduces two representations' evaluating equation, one evaluates the prediction error and the other evaluates the prediction error in limited space. First, the error transfer characteristic among subsystems at different space locations is analyzed, and the direct transfer characteristic from discrete standard measure space to the workpiece measure space under measured in measure system is proven. Second, the error reconstruction condition and method of mapping from discrete standard measurement system to continuous standard measurespace are analyzed.

分析了不同空间位置子系统间的误差传递特性，证明了在测量系统中离散标准量值空间向被测量工件量值空间的直接传递性；分析了离散标准量系统向连续量值空间映射的误差重构条件和方法；基于测量样本的有限距离的平稳性，证明了预报模型对动态测量误差的有限收敛性和预报误差的可测度性，进而证明了以离散标准量值系统对被测工件预报修正的可行性和合理性。

For instance, the first prize winner-Investigation Study on Urban Traffic Flow Discrete pattern in China submitted by Beijing City Planning Institute analyzes the pattern of urban traffic and proposes a discrete pattern suitable for China.

如，获得一等奖的北京城市设计规划设计院的《我国城市道路车流离散规律初探》研究了我国城市道路交通流的离散规律及其影响因素，提出了适合我国的交通特点的离散系数

For instance, the first prize winner-Investigation Study on Urban Traffic Flow Discrete pattern in China submitted by Beijing City Planning Institute analyzes the pattern of urban traffic and propose s a discrete pattern suitable for China.

如，获得一等奖的北京城市设计规划设计院的《我国城市道路车流离散规律初探》研究了我国城市道路交通流的离散规律及其影响因素，提出了适合我国的交通特点的离散系数

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。