离散

The book is divided into 14 chapters, including Introduction, continuous control system theory, process and discrete sampling, Z transform, sampled-data systems, discrete approximation of continuous system the equivalent, based on mathematical transform the classical design method, based on state space pole placement design methodology, multi-variable system of quadratic optimal control, quantitative effects, the choice of sampling period, the digital control system modeling, digital control system for a variety of design methods, variables quadratic optimal control systems, sampling cycle of selection, non-linear control of the problem, as well as digital control system, a typical application - Disk drive servo control design.

全书共分14章，内容包括概论、连续控制系统理论、采样过程和离散化、Z变换、采样数据系统、连续系统的近似离散等效、基于数学变换的经典设计方法、基于状态空间的极点配置设计方法、多变量系统的二次型最优控制、量化效应、采样周期的选择、数字控制系统的建模问题、数字控制系统的各种设计方法、变量系统的二次型最优控制、采样周期的选择、非线性控制的有关问题，以及数字控制系统的一个典型应用——磁盘驱动器的伺服控制设计等。

The application of the lattice Boltzmann method in unsteady open channel flows was studied in detail in the paper. An existing lattice BGK model was mended; For the problem of negative local equilibrium and evolutionary distribution, we proposed a lattice Boltzmann model based on cell-population equilibrium, which is a direct non-negative approximation to the continuous Maxwell distribution. The model reduces the transport and collision, two basic evolution steps in the LB model, to transport of the non-equilibrium distribution.

本文系统的研究了格子Boltzmann 方法在明渠非恒定流中的应用问题，改进了一个现有的LB 模型，数值实验表明此改进是有效的；在平衡态分布函数及分布函数的非负性问题上，作者提出了一个基于单元均衡的格子Boltzmann 模型，通过直接对Maxwell 分布函数的离散化实现对速度分布函数的非负离散，这种方法将传统模型演化过程中的碰撞和输运两个步骤直接表现为粒子的输运。

Applying the Euler method to the equation and particularly using the interpolation technique on variable delay, the Euler approximation is obtained. The discrete Euler approximation is extended to the continuous Euler approximation. It is proved that the Euler numerical solutions will converge strongly to the true solution under the local Lipschitz condition.

对方程应用欧拉方法，特别地对变延迟部分运用插值技巧进行数值离散后，将离散的欧拉格式延拓为连续的欧拉格式，从而得到欧拉格式在局部Lipschitz条件下强收敛到解析解。

Compared with the discrete distribution, we defined a comparison function for continuous distribution, and pointed out the relationship between the discrete distribution and continuous distribution.

仿照离散分布，定义了连续分布的比较函数，并沟通了离散和连续分布的伴随关系。

For PDEs with small parameters, a scheme is AP if it possesses the discreteanalogy of the continuous asymptotic limit as the small parameter goes to zero.

对于含有小参数的偏微分方程，所谓一个算法是渐近保持的指的是，当相应的数值离散在小参数趋于零的时候，仍然是渐近极限的合理数值离散。

The controller makes the closed-loop systems internally stable and minimizes the H2 norm of the transfer matrix Tzw from w to z. Two Riccati formulae based on 8 operator is deduced. The H2 problems for continuous time systems, Z operator models and 8 operator models are investigated respectively.The guaranteed cost control problem of robust stabilization and robust performance for uncertain systems which is described by 8 operator is discussed in this paper.

采用Riccati方程处理方法讨论了基于Delta算子描述下的离散系统存在输出反馈控制器的问题，得到了两个基于Delta算子的Riccati方程，设计了Delta域的输出反馈控制器，使得闭环系统内稳定，且满足从w到z的传递矩阵T_的H_2范数最小，设计了基于Delta算子描述下的离散系统的最优控制器，并与S域和Z域的H_2控制器进行了比较。

That not only could be extended to the continuous random varia- ble,but also the theorem of maximum information measure could be extended to the continuous random variable, which unified the measurement arithmetic of information between distributed random variable and continuous ran- dom variable,and gave two validating models to the information entropy of the continuous random variable in the last.

用公理化的方法，推导出了有限分布列的离散型随机变量的信息量系，不仅将它推广到连续型随机变量，而且将信息量系的最大信息量定理推广到连续型随机变量，统一了离散型和连续型随机变量的信息度量算法。最后利用得出的结论对连续型随机变量信息熵给出两个验证性算例。

The discrete random numbers is generated from a continuous pseudo random variable with mean avg and standard deviation dev, dicretized by step size drv.

离散随机数值取自类真连续随机变数(MatLab pseudo random uniform variable rand or pseudo normal variable ranan)、并以等阶梯离散化。

"Sampling",In signal processing, sampling is the reduction of a continuous signal to a discrete signal.

"，"在信号处理领域中，取样是将信号从连续时间域上的模拟信号转换到离散时间域上的离散信号的过程。

Time domain signal is continuous signal, with continuous time Fourier transform as discrete signals, discrete-time Fourier transform.

当时域信号为连续信号时，用连续时间傅里叶变换；为离散信号时，用离散时间傅里叶变换。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。