离子结构

In this paper, based on the previous work experience, microscopic structures of electrolyte solutions and the tecknoledge of fourier transform spectroscopy and theory of quantum chemistry , we reseached on ionic solvation and ion association of the alkaline-earth metal electrolyte solution.

本文在总结前人工作的基础上，以研究电解质溶液微观结构为背景，借助傅里叶变换红外光谱技术和量子化学理论，对碱金属碱土金属电解质溶液中的离子溶剂化和离子缔合作用进行了研究，主要的研究内容如下：1。

Major conclutions from this study can be summarized as following:1. On mineralogy, rutiles, apatites, epidotes and vein minerals from UHPM rocks were firstly and systematically studied, by detailed petrography and mineral-chemistry investigation, some mineral or mineral assemblage with special composions or texture were firstly found in UHPM rocks from Sulu-Dabie, for example, corrudum, magnesite, high-Ti biotite and garnet were found as inclusions in rutiles from eclogites, Nb-Fe rutile and zoned Si-Y apatite were found in gneiss, epidote / allanite with euhedral zones like magmatic genesis were found in elogites and gneiss, a lot of minerals with high REE, HFSE, LILE and volatiles were found in veins of gneiss.

在矿物学方面，首次较为系统地研究了超高压变质岩中的金红石、磷灰石、绿帘石等副矿物，并通过详细的岩相学和矿物化学研究，首次在苏鲁-大别超高压变质岩中发现了一些具有特殊成分/结构的矿物或矿物组合，如在榴辉岩金红石中发现了刚玉、菱镁矿、高钛黑云母和石榴石矿物包裹体，在片麻岩中发现了Nb-Fe金红石和具有自形环带结构的高Si-Y磷灰石，在榴辉岩和片麻岩中发现了具有类似岩浆成因的自形生长环带结构的绿帘石/褐帘石，在片麻岩的脉体中发现了大量富含稀土元素REE、高场强元素HFSE(Nb、Ta、Zr、Ti)、大离子亲石元素LILE(K、Th、U、Sr、Ba)，以及挥发性组份(CO_2、F、P、S)的特殊矿物，丰富并提升了超高压变质岩的矿物学研究。2。

The results indicate that the self-made anion exchange fiber has struc...

结果表明：自制的离子交换纤维具有强碱性离子交换纤维的结构特征和一定的化学稳定性。

It is well known that metal ions play important roles in the catalysis of a large number of different enzymes.

金属离子是许多不同酶分子中不可缺少的重要组成部分，并在酶的结构和功能中发挥着重要的作用，特别是含锌离子的酶，由于遍布于六大类酶中的每一类而更加引人注目。

A rapid, efficient protocol to detect the toxicity of Cu2+ stress using wheat coleoptile, which is simple, uniformal in structure and sensitive, was established. By using this model, the mechanism of Cu2+ stress leading to the inhibition of cell elongation was also studied.

本文以小麦为材料，研究不同浓度Cu2+对小麦种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响及机理；利用小麦胚芽鞘结构简单、反应敏感的特点，探索建立小麦胚芽鞘快速检测铜离子毒害模式，并利用此模式研究了铜离子胁迫对细胞伸长抑制作用的机理。

According to the regular condensation polymerization principle, a certain amount of amino terminated polyether D230 and a certain amount of divinyl three amine are mixed uniformly by water, and then a certain amount of hexanedioic acid is added in and stirred for dissolving.

本发明属于工业水处理技术领域，具体涉及一种抑制水中二氧化硅/硅酸盐垢沉积的非离子型聚合物及其制备方法，该聚合物是一种含具有醚键、仲胺键、肽键结构的非离子型共聚物，具体为己二酸/端氨基聚醚/二乙烯三胺共聚物，按照常规的缩聚反应原理，首先用水将一定量的端氨基聚醚D230和一定量的二乙烯三胺混合均匀，然后加入一定量的己二酸并搅拌使其溶解。

Crystal lattice constants are close to other experiment results. Three kinds of chemical bonds exist among Mg and B atoms, between magnesium and boride is ionic bond and metallic bond is the predominant interaction in the layer formed by magnesium atoms. A strong covalent bond in the form of sp2 hybrid between boride atoms is the most important factors which can affect the transition temperature of MgB2. Population analysis clearly shows that electrons are transferred from Mg to B, as a result, the electron-phonon coupling in the layer of B is very strong.

规范保守赝势的计算结果表明，晶格常数与实验值误差在很小的范围内，分析了引起MgB2(001)面结构超导转变时电子浓度和偏态密度的变化情况，发现构成该超导体结构的成键有3种，着重从结构的电子浓度变化分析了其超导特性，六角蜂窝状结构中硼原子间相互作用为sp2杂化的共价键，镁原子和硼原子之间是离子键结合，镁原子层是金属键结合，镁原子的价电子部分转移到硼原子的pz轨道，部分电子为镁原子层共用。

The calculated results show that azido in azides has linear structure , the most optimized CaN6 has linear structure , and the most optimized (CaN6)n (n=2～5) clusters have chain structure of perpendicularity of approximate diamond composed by two azido with two Ca atoms . The middle N atoms of azido show positive, the N atoms at both ends of azido show negative, and the N atoms effected with Ca atoms directly show more negative . There is strong ionic bond between the Ca and N atoms. The IR spectra of the most optimized (CaN6)n (n=1～5) clusters have four vibrational sections , the whole strongest vibrational peak lies in 2195～2280cm-1,and the vibrational mode is anti-symmetric stretching vibration of N-N bonds in azido . Stability analysis show that (CaN6)3 and (CaN6)5 clusters are more stable than other clusters .

结果表明，叠氮化合物中叠氮基以直线型存在，CaN6团簇的最稳定结构为线型结构，(CaN6)n(n=2～5)团簇首先由两个叠氮基与两个Ca原子构成一个近似菱形，再由菱形相互垂直形成链状最稳定结构；叠氮基中间的N原子显示正电性，两端的N原子显示负电性，且与Ca直接作用的N原子负电性更强，金属Ca原子和N原子之间形成很强的离子键；(CaN6)n(n=1～5)团簇最稳定结构的IR光谱分为4个部分，其最强振动峰均位于2195～2280cm-1，振动模式为叠氮基中N-N键的反对称伸缩振动；稳定性分析显示，(CaN6)3和(CaN6)5团簇相对于其他团簇较为稳定。

Adding transition metals into the TiN films by arc ion plating (1) The hardnesses of theN films are higher that that of the TiN films, proving that the alloy hardening effect is a common phenomenon;(2) The structures of the alloyed films are determined by the added element properties such as covalent radius, electro negativity, free energy and lattice parameters of the MN compound;(3) theN film consists of a mixture of multi phases with high hardness but quite brittle, while the other MN films are composed of single phase with the fcc TiN structure and their hardesses, functions of the added amounts of the elements, manifest always a maximum at a certain M percentage.

一、将过渡金属M用电弧离子镀方法添加于TiN薄膜中：1。N薄膜硬度均高于TiN薄膜硬度，合金强化效应普遍存在；2。薄膜相结构决定于添加元素M的周期律信息，包括M的共价半径、电负性，及MN化合物的自由能、晶格常数等；3。N为多相混合结构，薄膜硬度高，但韧性差；其它N的相结构为TiN类型的单一fcc结构，薄膜硬度随M添加量变化并出现峰值；4。

Study on the structure and stablities of anion cluster(SiO_2)_nX~-3MR (three-membered ring) structure, 2MR (two-membered ring) linear chain structure and pseudotetrahedral cage structure have been proposed for the anion cluster (SiO_2)_nX~-(n=1~5 X=_, 0, OH).

主要研究(SiO_2)_nX~-(n=1～5 X=_，O，OH)离子团簇的三类典型结构(三元环结构、二元环链状结构和四面体笼状结构)。

By the time of its fall, most of the prisoners were writers who had written against the corruptions of the government.

到它被攻陷的时候，里面多数的犯人是写了反对政府贪污文章的作家。

The most obvious variation to ovum morphological character was that the color was changed from light green to sepiaceous in embryonic development, and all the ovums were almost hatched after 96h.

在胚胎发育过程中卵的形态特征最明显的变化是颜色从淡绿到深褐色，卵在发育96h后卵基本全部孵化。