离子结构

With retro-transcription PCR method, we cloned cDNA of iron-superoxide dismutase from the seeds of camphor tree.

本文报道了关于樟树种子的铁超氧化物歧化酶基因的克隆，表达，金属离子配基置换以及高级结构模拟方面的工作。

But when the cholesterol was substituted by its oxide result, the membrane life time extended to nearly 60 hrs ;besides the diameter of the hole on which the membrane exists 、temperature、PH value cause great effects to the life time of the membrane, and the diameter was the most important element. When the diameter larger than 3mm it is almost no way to form a membrane on the hole under experiment condition. Between 1mm and 3mm it has a better result by change the prescription of the membrane. when it is 0.5mm all the membrane can last more than 40 hrs ,and the prescription like Och : phosphatidylcholine / cephalin＝4:1; 3:1; 2:1; 1:1; 2:3 need the request of the experiment basically, when cooperate with multi hole structure it is very to detect the concentration and found the model.

研究结果说明，成膜在普通胆固醇/磷脂配方下不能达到满意的结果，无论如何改变外界条件成膜始终超不过7小时，而将胆固醇换成氧化胆固醇再和磷脂按照一定配比的时候，成膜时间则大大延长，可达60h左右；另外除成膜配方，成膜孔径、温度、PH值等因素对成膜有着很重要的影响，成膜孔径对膜的影响最为关键，在3mm以上的孔径时成膜比较困难，在1－3mm适当提高成膜液浓度可以改善，孔径为0.5mm左右成膜比较稳定基本都能达到40h以上，合适的几个配方如卵/脑磷脂：氧化胆固醇＝4：1；3：1；2：1；1：1；2：3基本满足实验要求，配合一板多孔结构，可以保证单位时间的离子传输量的检测和计算。

The doping of a small amount of cerium ions has no influence on the structure of the host.

X射线衍射分析结果表明合成样品为YAG纯相，稀土离子的少量掺杂不改变基质YAG的结构。

Significant amorphous transformation and chemical chain scissions were observed, which depended strongly on ion fluence and electronic energy loss near the sample surface.

用35MeV/u的Ar离子室温下辐照多层堆叠的半晶质的聚酯膜，采用X射线衍射技术和X射线光电子谱仪分析研究了辐照引起的表面结构和组分的变化。

The drying process of chrome liquor was studied. The structure and property of chrome complex reducing by alcohol were analysed and tokened by many present well-rounded separation and analysis methods such as IR, UV-Vis Spectrum, IEC and pH potentiometry. Application tests of chrome tanning agents were conducted and tanning methods of tanning at high pH were studied. A systematic study was conducted on high alkalinity chrome tanning agents application in leather making process and possibility of clean chrome tanning was discussed.

本文系统地研究了多种小分子醇与重铬酸盐之间的氧化-还原反应，对反应过程进行了认真的剖析；对铬鞣液的干燥过程进行了研究；用红外光谱法、紫外及可见分光光度法、离子色谱法以及pH电位滴定法等多种比较成熟的现代分离分析方法相结合，对醇还原铬配合物的结构与性能进行了分析与表征；对铬鞣剂的鞣革性能进行了应用实验，研究了醇铬鞣剂在高pH值下的鞣制方法，并就高碱度铬鞣剂在制革过程中的应用进行了系统研究，探讨了用其实施清洁化铬鞣的可能性。

The drying process of chrome liquor was studied. The structure andproperty of chrome complex reducing by alcohol were analysed and tokened by manypresent well-rounded separation and analysis methods such as IR, UV-Vis Spectrum,IEC and pH potentiometry. Application tests of chrome tanning agents wereconducted and tanning methods of tanning at high pH were studied. A systematic studywas conducted on high alkalinity chrome tanning agents application in leather makingprocess and possibility of clean chrome tanning was discussed.

本文系统地研究了多种小分子醇与重铬酸盐之间的氧化-还原反应，对反应过程进行了认真的剖析；对铬鞣液的干燥过程进行了研究；用红外光谱法、紫外及可见分光光度法、离子色谱法以及pH电位滴定法等多种比较成熟的现代分离分析方法相结合，对醇还原铬配合物的结构与性能进行了分析与表征；对铬鞣剂的鞣革性能进行了应用实验，研究了醇铬鞣剂在高pH值下的鞣制方法，并就高碱度铬鞣剂在制革过程中的应用进行了系统研究，探讨了用其实施清洁化铬鞣的可能性。

According to the crystal structure of the n=1, 2 and 5 compounds, the structural principle of this family was proposed, which is based on alternate stacking of close-packed arrays and graphite-like sheets.

n=2和5化合物中的La也可以部分被其它稀土离子所取代，但相对于n=1化合物而言要困难一些，其中的La只能部分被取代，即使Nd和Sm也不能完全取代形成这两种结构类型的化合物。

In chapter 2,the main research contents and typical works in theoretical research area on amino acids and oligopeptides were introduced.This includes studies performed on structures,electronic properties,weak intramolecular interactions,protonation and deprotonation,conformer conversion,metal ion binding,solution effects and etc.

第2章给出了氨基酸和寡肽分子体系理论计算领域的主要研究内容和研究热点，这包括氨基酸和寡肽分子的稳定结构，电子性质，内部弱相互作用，质子化和去质子化过程，构象转换，金属离子结合及溶液效应等多方面的研究。

The stability of copper reduced because of the formation of copper oxide under alkaline condition, while the stability of copper kept the same because of the constant chemical structure under near neutral condition.

在去离子水中， Cu-KEtX的化学结构则没有明显的改变，故对Cu的稳定性亦不变。

At the same time, the relationships for their structure characteristics and the properties are verified constitutionally.

培养了6种富氮化合物的单晶，用X射线单晶衍射分析测定了它们的晶体结构，证明它们均是离子型化合物。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。