离子的

The third, since the electrons in the plasma are accelerated and ions move together, some harmful effects are also observed, such as both output powers of RBWO and FEL decrease versus the increase of plasma density. The results agree with the results of linear fluid model. In the unmagnetized plasma-loaded RBWO-FEL, output powers of pump source and FEL are obtained only in a narrow plasma density range and both have maximum. The results of simulation are in good agreement with the experimental results.

模拟分析了磁化等离子体填充的RBWO-FEL，尽管没有发现等离子体填充后RBWO及FEL输出功率的成倍增长，但是观察到等离子体的引入对RBWO-FEL产生以下影响：泵波及FEL的辐射频率的线宽得到明显增加；在较高的等离子体密度下，TM〓模将会被完全抑制；首次观察到T-G模振荡及功率输出，结果同线性理论计算结果基本一致；等离子体中的电子被加速及背景离子的移动将对器件工作产生不利影响。

In waters of different electrolyteconcentrations and at different SAR,clay from brown soil flocculated when one of thecation's concentration at least in the electrolyte is higher than its critical coagulationconcentration.

用同样的方法测定电解质浓度和钠吸附率对棕壤粘粒凝聚的影响，发现只有当电解质组成中的某一种离子的浓度超过它的相应的絮凝临界值时，悬浮液才发生絮凝。

In details, the strongest inhabitation to the shoot growth was observed when neutral soluble fractionates were supplied. The shoot biomass with neutral soluble fractionates added was decreased by 10.52% over the blank control, resulting in obvious increase of root: shoot ratio. It suggests that the root exudates would be self-poisonous. Besides, both acid and alkaline soluble fractionates exhibited the trend to increase the stem height and it is necessary to exploit the reasons.

在培养液中，分别加入分组的烤烟根系分泌物，均显著降低根系对NO_3~-、H_2PO_4~-、K~+离子的吸收和根系活力，推测根系分泌物中产生抑制作用的物质可作用在相当宽的pH范围；其中，碱溶性组分对H_2PO_4~-、酸溶性组分对K~+、中性组分对NO_3的吸收和根系活力的抑制作用较强，推测在烤烟根系分泌物中，可能存在多种抑制烤烟生K和养分吸收的化学物质；另外，抑制作用随着根系分泌物浓度的增加而增强。

The analyses of DTA and XRD indicate that the glass prepared by batch soaking process crystallizes at lower temperature and has bigger crystallization rate for the residual chlorine acting as a nucleation agent in the interspaces of the glass network structure.

对样品的DTA与XRD分析表明，采用新工艺制备的玻璃中由于残留氯离子的存在，起到成核剂的作用，降低玻璃的析晶温度，提高玻璃的析晶速率。

The paramagnetic g-factor is pretested. At the same time, the relationship between the optical spectra, ZFS and the local structural parameters is set up. The optical spectra and ZFS of K_2ZnF_4:Ni~(2+) crystal can be interpreted uniformly. The theoretical results are in good agreement with experimental data.

近年来，赵敏光教授及其合作者的研究工作[1~3]表明，由于晶体中的顺磁离子的EPR参量，特别是零场分裂D对其所处环境的微观局部结构的依赖关系非常灵敏，因此杂质所引起的局部结构畸变必须加以考虑，指出可以通过光谱、EPR谱的实验测量数据来共同确定晶体的局部结构参数。

The effects of magnetic seed, aluminum sulphate and pH value on phosphorus adsorption, precipitation and coagulation were surveyed. The results made it clear that Al ion as precipitant and coagulant was the main effect factor on P removal; as adsorbent magnetic seed had little effect on P removal, but made the phosphate precipitate sink faster; pH value had effect on both precipitation and adsorption.

研究了磁种、硫酸铝、pH值等对磷的吸附、沉淀、凝聚的影响，结果表明：铝离子的沉淀作用是除磷的主要原因；磁种的吸附作用对除磷的贡献较小，但使磷酸盐沉淀物的沉降性能大大提高；pH值既影响沉淀作用，也影响吸附作用。

As the distances between coordination sites of auxiliary ligands increasing, the distances between adjacent two-dimensional [Er(5-NO_2-bdc)_2]~- anion layers enlarged. As the bulks of auxiliary ligands largening, the coordination configuration of Er optimized and the dimensions of coordination polymers increased.

增大辅助配体的配位点之间的距离，增大了二维[Er(5-NO_2-bdc)_2]~-阴离子层之间的距离；增大辅助配体的空间位阻，优化了金属离子的配位几何构型，使配位聚合物的维度增大。

Slight stress corrosion cracking phenomenon occurred accompanying with a little dot corrosion. On the other hand, sensitised treatment will decrease the IGSCC resistance of stainless steel.

依据乙二醇蒸发器所处的实际工况，模拟了三种不锈钢材料的焊接接头在敏化状态和焊态下，在含有微量氯离子的甲酸乙酸介质环境中的腐蚀现象，实验结果表明：三种不锈钢材料的晶间腐蚀开裂敏感性很低，仅出现了轻微应力腐蚀开裂迹象，并且伴随轻微的点蚀。

Using the time-match semiempirical models for two flares (one is classified as a SB flare and the other a 2B flare), which were deduced from the spectral data obtained with the solar tower telescope of Nanjing University, we calculate the radiative loss at different phase of the flares.

针对我们已经建立的二个定态色球耀斑半经验模型，计算了耀斑不同时刻下的色球辐射损失速率，包括氢在四个能级假设下的所有跃迁、CaⅡ在五个能级下的所有跃迁、MgⅡ在三个能级下的所有跃迁、以及负氢离子的自由——自由和束缚——自由跃迁等。

The formal potentials in cyclic voltammograms of these 3+ valence complexes are followed: Co〓-TPPS (-0.08V )＞Fe〓TPPS (-0.14V)＞Mn〓-TPPS (-0.23V). The electrochemical reaction of Mn〓-TPPS is reversible, and both of Co〓-TPPS and Fe〓-TPPS are quasi-reversible. The standard heterogeneous rate constants of Co〓-TPPS and Fe〓-TPPS were determined to be 1. 4×10〓cm/s and 1.4×10〓cm/s respectively. The rates of electrode reaction are as followed: Mn〓-TPPS＞Co〓-TPPS＞Fe〓-TPPS, e.i. Mn〓-TPPS is the most easily oxidized by the dissolved oxygen, and Fe〓-TPPS is oxidized slower than Co〓-TPPS. Ni〓-TPPS can not be oxidized. It is considered that oxygen plays an important role in the valence change of central metal atom and the rate of electron transfer in some metalloporphyrins.

三价金属卟啉络合物在循环伏安图上可得到三价到二价的还原和氧化响应，电极电位从大到小排列为：Co〓-TPPS(-0.08V)＞Fe〓-TPPS(-0.14V)＞Mn〓-TPPS(-0.23V)，电极反应可逆性也不相同，Mn〓-TPPS是可逆过程，Co〓-TPPS、Fe〓-TPPS是准可逆过程，实验测得Co〓-TPPS的标准电极反应速率常数ks＝1.4×10〓cm/s，Fe〓-TPPS的ks＝1.4×10〓cm/s，电极反应的速率从大到小为：Mn〓-TPPS＞Co〓-TPPS＞Fe〓-TPPS，即Mn〓-TPPS最容易被溶解氧所氧化，Fe〓-TPPS被氧化的速度最慢，Ni〓-TMPyP不能被氧化，因此我们认为溶解氧对金属卟啉中心离子的价态和电子转移速率起着重要作用。

By the time of its fall, most of the prisoners were writers who had written against the corruptions of the government.

到它被攻陷的时候，里面多数的犯人是写了反对政府贪污文章的作家。

The most obvious variation to ovum morphological character was that the color was changed from light green to sepiaceous in embryonic development, and all the ovums were almost hatched after 96h.

在胚胎发育过程中卵的形态特征最明显的变化是颜色从淡绿到深褐色，卵在发育96h后卵基本全部孵化。